• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2005

The FSA(Force Sensitive Application) system measures hand force by using force resistance sensors. Compared to conventional hand force measurement systems such as Lafayette hand dynamometer and Jamar hydraulic hand dynamometer, the FSA system can be applied to analyze use of hand forces while the hand is manipulating objects for a task, However, the measurement performance of the FSA system has not been objectively evaluated. The present study tested the FSA system in terms of stability, repeatability, accuracy, and linearity. It is shown that the FSA system has good stability (CV$\leq$0.02) and linearity($R^2$=0.82), but has low repeatability(CV=$0.11{\sim}0.19$) and accuracy(22% of underevaluation on average). This performance result indicates that measurements from the FSA system should be used for relative comparison rather than for absolute comparison.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.739-746
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• 2016

A total of 152 pig farms were randomly selected from the five provinces in South Korea. During the experiment, the average temperature and relative humidity was $24.7^{\circ}C$ and 74% in summer and $2.4^{\circ}C$ and 53% in winter, respectively. The correlation between floor space allowance (FSA) and productivity index was analyzed, including non-productive sow days (NPD), number of weaners (NOW), survival rate (SR), appearance rate of A-grade pork (ARA), and days at a slaughter weight of 110 kg (d-SW) at different growth stages. The objectives of the present study were i) to determine the effect of FSA on the pig productivity index and ii) to suggest the minimum FSA for pigs based on scientific baseline data. For the pregnant sow, NPD could be decreased if pregnant sows were raised with a medium level (M) of FSA (3.10 to $3.67m^2/head$) while also keeping the pig house clean which improves hygiene, and operating the ventilation system properly. For the farrowing sows, the NOW tended to decrease as the FSA increased. Similarly, a high level of FSA (H) is significantly negative with weaner SR of farrowing sows (p-value = 0.017), indicating this FSA tends to depress SR. Therefore, a FSA of 2.30 to $6.40m^2/head$ (very low) could be appropriate for weaners because a limited space can provide a sense of security and protection from external interruptions. The opposite trend was observed that an increase in floor space (> $1.12m^2/head$ leads to increase the SR of growing pigs. For the fattening pigs, H level of FSA was negatively correlated with SR, but M level of FSA was positively correlated with SR, indicating that SR tended to increase with the FSA of 1.10 to $1.27m^2/head$. In contrast, ARA of male fattening pigs showed opposite results. H level of FSA (1.27 to $1.47m^2/head$) was suggested to increase productivity because ARA was most affected by H level of space allowance with positive correlation ($R^2=0.523$). The relationship between the FSA and d-SW of fattening pigs was hard to identify because of the low $R^2$ value. However, the farms that provided a relatively large floor space (1.27 to $1.54m^2/head$) during the winter period showed d-SW was significantly and negatively affected by FSA.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.462-466
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• 2007

The measuring system of the Partial discharge(PD) is very essential to investigate the hazard defects in the insulation systems of the high voltage engineering. We will discussed this research which has included two parts. The proposed method of Foil Sensor Array(FSA) and the normally used method in the practice. Firstly, it will be shown the improved sensitivity of a FSA sensor, which is our aim, compare with the existing normal foil sensor. And then, the linearity of detecting sensitivities of various kinds of FSA sensors was shown. According to our experiments, we can see that FSA sensor is more sensitivity than normal foil sensor and the linear increment property of FSA sensitivities.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2010

최근 IMO에서는 산적화물선 및 유조선, 대형여객선에 이어 '일반화물선의 안전(general cargo ships safety)'에 대한 논의의 필요성이 제기(IMO, 2006a)되고 있으며, 본격적인 논의를 위한 준비 작업으로 국제선급협회(IACS)를 통한 공식안전성평가(Formal Safety Assessment, 이하 FSA) 작업이 수행되고 있다. FSA란 위험도(risk)분석과 비용-효과 평가(cost-benefit assessment)를 바탕으로 인명, 해양환경 및 재산의 보호를 포함한 해사안전의 향상을 목적으로 한 구조화되고 체계적인 방법론으로서 새로운 법규의 평가, 기존법규와 새로운 (제안) 법규와의 비교, 그리고 여러 이해관계자의 공감대 형성을 통해 법규 변경/개발을 용이하게 하는 수단이다(IMO, 2007). 본 연구는 국적일반화물선의 안전성 평가를 위한 수단으로서 IMO FSA방법론의 유용성을 확인하고, 향후 IMO에서의 '일반화물선 안전'에 대한 논의에 대응하기 위한 기초자료의 확보를 목적으로 하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국적일반화물선에 대한 FSA의 1, 2 단계에 해당하는 위험요소 식별(Hazard identification) 및 사고시나리오에 대한 위험도 분석(Risk analysis) 결과를 중심으로 소개하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2011

본 논문은, 국적일반화물선 공식안전성평가(Formal Safety Assessment, 이하 FSA) 연구의 1, 2 단계에 해당하는 위험요소 식별(Hazard identification) 및 식별된 사고 시나리오에 대한 위험도 분석(Risk analysis) 결과를 소개한 "국적일반화물선 초기안전성평가 연구(1)"에 이어 FSA 연구의 3, 4 그리고 5단계를 수행한 내용으로, 국적일반화물선의 운용 중 발생 가능한 위험을 저감할 수 있는 위험도제어방안들(Risk Control Options)을 식별하는 단계(Step 3)와 식별된 위험도제어방안들 중 전문가 의견수렴을 통하여 선별된 위험도제어방안들을 대상으로 한 비용-효과 평가 단계(Step 4: Cost-Benefit Assessment) 그리고 비용-효과 평가의 결과를 정리하여 국적일반화물선의 안전성 제고를 위한 구체적인 방안을 제안하는 단계(Step 5: Recommendation for Decision Making)의 결과를 소개하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.165-182
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• 2014

An RFID systems employ efficient Anti-Collision Algorithms (ACAs) to enhance the performance in various applications. The EPC-Global G2 RFID system utilizes Frame Slotted Aloha (FSA) as its ACA. One of the common approaches used to maximize the system performance (tag identification efficiency) of FSA-based RFID systems involves finding the optimal value of the frame length relative to the contending population size of the RFID tags. Several analytical models for finding the optimal frame length have been developed; however, they are not perfectly optimized because they lack precise characterization for the timing details of the underlying ACA. In this paper, we investigate this promising direction by precisely characterizing the timing details of the EPC-Global G2 protocol and use it to derive a precise-optimal frame length model. The main objective of the model is to determine the optimal frame length value for the estimated number of tags that maximizes the performance of an RFID system. However, because precise estimation of the contending tags is difficult, we utilize a parametric-heuristic approach to maximize the system performance and propose two simple schemes based on the obtained optimal frame length-namely, Improved Dynamic-Frame Slotted Aloha (ID-FSA) and Exponential Random Partitioning-Frame Slotted Aloha (ERP-FSA). The ID-FSA scheme is based on the tag set estimation and frame size update mechanisms, whereas the ERP-FSA scheme adjusts the contending tag population in such a way that the applied frame size becomes optimal. The results of simulations conducted indicate that the ID-FSA scheme performs better than several well-known schemes in various conditions, while the ERP-FSA scheme performs well when the frame size is small.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.19
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• pp.158-159
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• 2006

The system measuring the Partial discharge(PD) is very essential to investigate the hazard defects in the insulation systems of the high voltage engineering. We included two parts in this discussion; The proposed method of Foil Sensor Array and the normally used method m the practice. Firstly, it will be shown the improved sensitivity of our proposed FSA sensor compare with the existing normal foil sensor. And then, the linearity of detecting sensitivities of various kinds of FSA sensors such as $2{\times}2$, $2{\times}4$, $3{\times}3$ etc. using in our experiments, was shown. From the obtained results, we can see that FSA sensor is more sensitivity than normal foil sensor and the linear increment property of FSA sensitivities.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2015

PURPOSE: This paper aims to present the available angle to evaluate the severity of forward head posture (FHP) with the observation method and photographic method. METHODS: A cross-sectional observation research design study consisted of 29 subjects who was divided two groups (slight FHP group, moderate FHP group) in Eulji university was used. We evaluated the FHP and the angles including CranioVertebral Angle (CVA), Head Tilting Angle (HTA), Head Position Angle (HPA) and Forward Shoulder Angle (FSA) with the Body style S-8.0 (South Korea, LU Commerce). RESULTS: The mean of CVA, FSA from the slight FHP group was shown higher than moderate severe FHP group. According to independent t-test result, but there was no difference among all angles in two groups. The linear discriminate analysis showed the size of distinction of FSA was the biggest, and then CVA, HTA and HPA were in the order. 55.6% of FSA is properly classified in the slight FHP group. CONCLUSION: The FSA is the best to distinguish the severity of FHP and then CVA as the second best. Therefore, FSA is recommended to check the FHP.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.287-296
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• 2017

The Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) is a structured and systematic methodology developed by the IMO, aimed at assessing the risk of vessels and recommending the method to control intolerable risks, thereby enhancing maritime safety, including protection of life, health, the marine environment and property, by using risk analysis and cost-benefit assessment. While the FSA has mostly been applied to merchant vessels, it has rarely been applied to a DP vessel, which is one of the special purpose vessels in the offshore industry. Furthermore, most of the FSA has been conducted so far by using the Fault Tree Analysis tool, even though there are many other risk analysis tools. This study carried out the FSA for safe operation of DP vessels by using the Bayesian network, under which conditional probability was examined. This study determined the frequency and severity of DP LOP incidents reported to the IMCA from 2001 to 2010, and obtained the Risk Index by applying the Bayesian network. Then, the Risk Control Options (RCOs) were identified through an expert brainstorming and DP vessel simulations. This study recommends duplication of PRS, regardless of the DP class and PRS type and DP system specific training. Finally, this study verified that the Bayesian network and DP simulator can also serve as an effective tool for FSA implementation.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.1569-1574
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• 2008

13.56MHz ISM 대역을 사용하는 대부분의 RFID 시스템은 슬롯 ALOHA 방식을 기반으로 하는 고정된 프레임 크기를 갖는 FSA 알고리즘을 충돌 방지 알고리즘으로 사용하고 있다. FSA 알고리즘의 경우, 알고리즘의 구현이 간단한 장점이 있지만, 프레임의 크기가 고정되어 있기 때문에 태그 수가 가변적인 경우에는 시스템 성능이 저하되는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 리더의 식별 영역 내에 있는 태그의 수를 기반으로 매 프레임마다 최적의 프레임 크기를 할당하는 OFSA 알고리즘을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통한 성능 분석의 결과, OFSA 알고리즘은 기존의 FSA 알고리즘에 비하여 항상 최적의 시스템 효율을 얻을 수 있었으며, 최소의 식별 지연 시간을 얻을 수 있었다.