• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.148-158
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• 2021

Background: Radiotherapy is a common treatment option for lung or esophageal cancer, particularly when surgery is not feasible for patients with poor lung function. However, radiotherapy can affect pulmonary function and thereby induce pneumonitis or pneumonia, which can be fatal in patients with respiratory impairment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if reductions in pulmonary function after radiotherapy can be minimized through simultaneous pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Methods: In this matched case control study, we retrospectively analyzed patients who had undergone radiotherapy for thoracic malignant disease between January 2018 and June 2019. We analyzed results from pulmonary function tests and 6-minute walking tests (6MWT) conducted within the six months before and after radiotherapy treatment. Results: In total, results from 144 patients were analyzed, with 11 of the patients receiving PR and radiotherapy simultaneously. Of the 133 patients in the control group, 33 were matched with 11 patients in the PR group. Changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and FEV₁/forced vital capacity were significantly different between the PR group and the matched control group (240 mL vs. -10 mL, p=0.017 and 5.5% vs. 1.0%, p=0.038, respectively). The median distance of 6MWT in the PR group also increased significantly, from 407.5 m to 493.0 m after radiotherapy (p=0.017). Conclusion: Simultaneous PR improved pulmonary function, particularly in measures of FEV₁, and exercise capacity for patients with lung or esophageal cancer even after radiotherapy treatment. These findings may provide an important base of knowledge for further large population studies with long-term follow-up analysis in the identification of the PR's effects during thoracic radiotherapy.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.247-286
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• 2018

The study aims to analyze the research trends according to 'characteristics of researchers' in the research papers published in "The Journal of Educational Administration" between last 10 years(2009 to 2018 first half). The study results are as follow. First, in terms of the researcher, more research was done by 'joint' researchers than a 'single' researcher. In addition, the number of studies in which the first author was male was higher than in women. Also, collaborative research between 'professors' and 'graduate students' was actively done. Second, the number of studies to develop and verify theories(or models) has increased. Third, in terms of research methods, more studies tend to utilize 'quantitative research' using advanced statistics and 'qualitative research' through interviews and observations to describe and explain Korea's educational administration phenomenon. Fourth, researchers showed high interest in 'School organization and management;', 'Higher education', 'Education policy and planning'. Fifth, according to each research area, there were some differences in the characteristics of the researchers who conducted the research, the nature of the research, and the research methods used mainly. Based on the results of this study, this study suggested the future trends of educational administration research in the era of the fourth industrial revolution.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.31
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• pp.263-287
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• 2011

Li-Gu was a Confucianist who criticized traditional 'attend to Righteousness and neglect Profit' idea and insisted that people affirmed 'Proprietiy' and 'Interest', which accorded with human nature and desire. He said that 'Proprieties' was made by adjusting one's material life and natural desire. Therefore, if we want 'Propriety' is manifested itself, we must affirm and satisfy the material life and natural desire first. He asserted that if we didn't follow this, the people's life would be devastated and the nation would face a big crisis. Li-Gu's thought not only gave Wang An Suk's Reformation a theoretical basics, but also attached the new and reformist meanings to 'Propriety', which had been changing meaningless and abstract, by criticizing Songming Confucian School and put great stress on uniting the inside and outside. In this article, through examining Li-Gu's the idea of Righteousness and Profit, King and Ruler, Inside and Outside, we can consider what the real 'Propriety' is and what kind of practical meaning 'Propriety' has.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.55
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• pp.59-84
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• 2014

This research is an attempt to newly interpret his academic evaluation and understand Seo Kye Bak Se-Dang's Sa Byeun Rok The Doctrine of the Mean. In academic world, his academic Characteristic was considered as anti-Neo-confucianism, out of Jung Ju Hak, out of Seong Ri Hak, and Sil Hak. His understanding of The Doctrine of the Mean was pretty critical, because he had unique academic characteristic to interpret Chinese classics rather than anti-Neo-confucianism, out of Jung Ju Hak, out of Seong Ri Hak, and Sil Hak. Especially, he took practical study with six Chinese classics as the central figure and it was a creative thing with philosophical method. He tried to find out original meaning which was essential thought of Confucianism, and pointed out disharmony for consistency about meaning of The Doctrine of the Mean when Jung Ja and Ju Ja interpreted The Doctrine of the Mean. It appeared as an effort of trying agreement between name and its duty, and role and function in things and act. In addition, he thought The Doctrine of the Mean as trying to follow nature, and it was the way of people to practice in bright side of mind. It is different from Ju Ja's thought which explains principle about people and things, and it has strong reality which is foundation of practice and allows dynamic energy of human life. Therefore, practice style of The Doctrine of the Mean develops filial duty as center of mass and appears manifestation of human's independence through how people pracice it. To sum up, he traced The Doctrine of the Mean as reality, practice, and physical science rather than ideal, theoretical, and metaphysical philosophy. It developed the spirit of study as understanding world as the center of human, thinking over the way of people, and studying the essence of Confucianism with practice of thought.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.51-90
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• 2016

Vietnam has proceeded the gradual reform without radical political change since launching the 'Doi Moi', the comprehensive reform policy adopted in late 1986. Vietnam has been evaluated as a country to perform the economic growth for 30 years successfully, although there were economic recessions for a short time. Through looking at the process of reform, while the state economic sector and foreign-invested sector have contributed to the economic growth in the initial stage of reform, the domestic private sector and foreign-invested sector's economic roles have increased and the state sector's role has been decreased, as the reform has been proceeded. As the state's developmental role has been revealed prominently in the reform process and state's involvement into economic affairs in Vietnam, it is reasonable, in part, to categorize Vietnam as a developmental state like East Asian developmental states. However this evaluation is tentative, as it seems that Vietnamese state's industrial policies have contributed economic growth partly and remarkable economic growth has been shown in the sectors that the government has not focused. In conclusion, Vietnam has changed into a mixed country which has the characteristics of East Asian developmental state formally and the features of Southeast Asian countries which have focused more on the foreign-invested developmental strategy.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2021

Implant treatment, which was first attempted in fully edentulous patients, is now widely used in partially edentulous, and a single tooth missing patients. Moreover, implant treatment has become an essential treatment modality in modern dentistry. The material of fabricating implant prostheses has also become more diverse than before, one of which is the use of high-performance polymers. The frequency of using high-performance polymers, which have been used in the medical field, is also increased in the dental field compared to the past. In the first case, a PEKK abutment and a PFG crown (cement-screw-retaining type) were fabricated in the lower left second premolar, and in the second case, a PEKK abutment and a monolithic zirconia crown (cement-screw-retaining type) were fabricated in the missing upper left first molar, and in the third case two PEKK abutments and a splinted PFM crowns (cement-screw-retaining type) were fabricated and connected to the upper right first and second molar implants. Through these procedures the patients obtained esthetically and functionally satisfactory results after 4 years of follow-up.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.83-98
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• 2021

This study identified the influence of employees' hybrid start-up intention (intention to start a business while maintaining a job) on the employees' self-determination motivation (intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation) and prior knowledge through the Model of Goal-directed Behavior (MGB). We used a PLS-SEM called SmartPLS 3.0 for 126 valid samples collected by judgement extraction for office workers throughout June 13, 2020 to July 3, 2020, and empirically evaluated the measurement model (internal consistency reliability, convergent and discriminant validity) and the structural model (multicollinearity, determination coefficient, effect size, predictive relevance, etc.). Only the intrinsic motivation for realizing the hybrid start-up goal of office workers had a significant impact on the hybrid start-up attitude and subjective norms, and the prior knowledge of hybrid start-up had a significant impact on the hybrid start-up desire and the hybrid start-up intention. In order to induce hybrid start-ups for workers with unstable employment, we need systems and programs that can inspire employees with intrinsic motivation and knowledge about hybrid start-up, so follow-up researches are necessary to analyze about government systems and consulting support that can promote hybrid start-up.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.598-608
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• 2021

The purpose of study is to examine the effects of self-esteem and job stress on mental rehabilitation facility workers and through this, it aims to increase self-esteem of mental health facility workers and lower job stress so that it can increase job satisfaction and use it as basic data for program development that can manage these efficiently. The data collection period was from October 1, 2016 to October 20 and the subjects were 129. Regarding data collection method, the data were collected by asking the consent of workers of 33 mental health facilities in metropolitan city and special metropolitan city. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 22.0. The finding are as follow; The participants' self-esteem level was 3.04 (±.47) at the maximum of 4, Job stress level was 2.89 (±.68) at the maximum of 5, Job satisfaction was 3.06 (± .62) at the maximum of 4. self-esteem and job satisfaction showed a statistically significant positive correlation. Job stress and self-esteem showed a statistically significant negative correlation. Self-esteem and job stress were the influencing factors, and these two variables have predicted job satisfaction to be 58.8%. It was found that self-esteem and job stress are important factors on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is improved by developing a program which improves self-esteem of mental health facility workers and reduces job stress so that it manages job satisfaction efficiently.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.85-103
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• 2021

While there is a rapid transition to smart work due to COVID-19, not many studies have measured the changes in organizational culture after firm-wide institutionalization of smart work. Through a questionnaire and a series of stakeholder interviews, this study examined how and to what extent employees' perception of organizational culture changed after the introduction of smart work in a large leisure service company H in South Korea. The working culture of the organization is measured as the changes in the organizational members' perception on seven dimensions: strategic innovativeness, organizational flexibility, fair human resource management, rational decision making processes, organizational vitality, trustful collaboration, proactive leadership. The results demonstrated that, after the introduction of smart work, the organizational members' perception on strategic innovativeness, organizational flexibility, organizational vitality, trustful collaboration have declined significantly while the changes in fair human resource management, rational decision making processes, and proactive leadership are insignificant. Though found to be insignificant, follow up interviews revealed that participants think that the role of management leadership is very critical for the smart work systems to be institutionalized successfully. While the smart work may have different effects depending upon industry or organizational characteristics, this study present a case for changes in organizational culture after institutionalizing smart work. Implications are discussed with further research issues at the end.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.627-637
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• 2021

Many efforts have been made to prevent alcohol related harms such as health problems and socio-economic problems. Among them, the method of improving drinking behavior at the individual level is the most direct intervention. The effectiveness of the use of protective behavior strategies(PBS) has been widely known in Western countries. The purpose of this study is to empirically verify whether the use of PBS affects alcohol related harms in Korean adults. The survey has been conducted on 2,000 adult men and women. As a result, it is found that the use of PBS reduced alcohol related harms in adults. Among the PBS, the biggest impact on alcohol related harms is the area related serious harm reduction strategy, followed by restrictions on 'manner of drinking'. The effects of 'limiting/ stopping of drinking' is not significant. In addition, drinking frequency, binge drinking, and drinking motivations have significant positive effects on alcohol-related harms, and only social motivation has a negative effect. In this work, we propose follow-up studies on identifying relationships between protective behaviors and alcohol related factors through longitudinal studies and strengthening the use of protective behavior strategies that applied to the refined target populations.