• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.3-44
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• 1999

This paper discusses the lateral behavior of single and group piles in homogeneous and non-homogeneous(two layered) soil. In the single pile, the model tests were conducted to investigate the effects on ratio of lower layer height to embedded pile length, ratio of soil modules of upper layer to lower layer, boundary rendition of pile head and tip, embedded pile length, pile construction condition, ground condition with saturate and moisture state in Nak-Dong river sand. Also, in the group pile, the model tests were to investigate the effects on spacing-to-diameter ratio of pile, pile array, ratio of pile spacing, boundary condition of pile head and tip, eccentric load and ground condition. The maximum bending moment and deflection induced in active piles were found to be highly dependent on the relative density, pile construction condition, boundary condition of pile head and tip. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the decrease of lateral bearing capacity in saturated sand was in the range of 31% - 53% as compared with the case of dry sand. Also, in the group pile, a spacing-to-diameter of 6.0 seems to be large enough to eliminate the group effect for the case of relative density of 61.8%, and 32.8%, and then each pile in such a case behaves essentially the same as a single pile. In this study, the program is developed by using the modified Chang method which used p - y method and the exact solution of governing equation of pile and it can be used to calculate the deflection, bending moment and soil reaction with FDM in non-homogeneous soil. In comparing the modified Chang method with field test results, the predict results shows better agreement with measured results in field tests.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.965-968
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• 2005

Roll drafting operation causes variations in the linear density of bundles because the bundle flow cannot be controlled completely by roll pairs. Defects occurring in this operation bring about many problems successively in the next processes. In this paper, we attempt to analyze the draft dynamics and the linear density irregularity based on the governing equation of a bundle motion that has been suggested in our previous studies. For analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the roll drafting operation, it is indispensable to investigate a transient state in time domain before the bundle flux reaches a steady state. However, since governing equations of bundle flow consisting of continuity and motion equations turn out to be nonlinear, and coupled between variables, the solutions for a transient state cannot be obtained by an analytical method. Therefore, we use the Finite Difference Method(FDM), particularly, the FTBS(Forward-Time Backward-Space) difference method. Then, the total equations system yields to an algebraic equations system and is solved under given initial and boundary conditions in an iterative fashion. From the simulation results, we confirm that state variables show different behavior in the transient state; e.g., the velocity distribution in the flow field changes more quickly the linear density distribution. During a transient flow in a drafting zone, the output irregularity is influenced differently by the disturbances, e.g., the variation in input bundle thickness, the drafting speed, and the draft ratio.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 침하가 발생한 연약지반에 대하여 저유동성 몰탈에 의한 주입공법인 CGS공법의 적용성과 침하억제 효과를 확인하기 위하여 시험시공을 실시하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 시험시공 현장은 파일에 의하여 지지된 기 시공 된 아파트의 주변지반으로서 사전에 sand drain공법으로 지반에 대한 처리를 실시하였으나 이후에도 지속적인 침하가 발생하고 있는 연약지반이다. CGS주입 전. 후의 지반개량특성을 파악하기 위하여 현장 및 실내토질시험과, 주입시공 중 거동특성을 파악하기 위하여 계측관리와 FDM해석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 연약지반의 지반침하 방지를 주목적으로 하는 CGS공법은 지반조건에 적합한 설치직경, 간격, 심도, 주입재, 주입압 등 다양한 조건으로부터 시공관리가 가능하며, 따라서 설치된 CGS구체는 파일의 지지효과와 더불어 주변지반을 압축강화시켜 복합적으로 지반을 개량시키므로 N치가 평균 2.1 증가하는 등 지반의 지지력 증대 및 침하억제에 효과가 있었다. 또한 적용성 있는 다양한 현장에 일반적으로 사용하게 될 경우 개량효과와 더불어 경제성이 확보될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.107-121
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• 2018

본 연구는 Kano 모델이 소비자이면서 생산자인 메이커스가 사용하는 FDM 저비용 3D 프린터에 대한 제품 품질 및 품질 만족도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였습니다. 3D 프린터 제품의 품질은 제품 자체의 고유한 품질을 기반으로 기능성, 유용성, 내구성, 신뢰성 및 안전성 측면에서 분석하였습니다. 이 연구는 Kano 분석을 통하여 고객이 원하는 3D프린터의 세부 특성을 파악해보고 Timko 계수를 사용하여 메이커스가 만족하는 영향 정도를 파악하고자 하였습니다. 결과적으로 이 연구는 제품 크기, 출력 속도, 외부 충격에 대한 내구성이 매력적인 품질로 도출되었고 안전성 부분에서는 모두 일원적 품질인 것으로 나타났다. 표면 해상도를 제외한 Timko 고객 만족 지수는 Kano 모델과 동일한 결과가 도출되었다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.825-833
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• 2022

3D 프린팅 기술은 재료공학의 발전과 더불어 출력할 수 있는 재질이 늘어가고 있으며 방사선 분야에 이용될 수 있는 재료들 또한 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 그렇기에 사용되는 재료들의 성분과 밀도에 따라 적용되는 분야가 달라지고 응용이 될 수 있기에 재료들의 성분과 특성 또한 고려해야 한다. 본 연구는 FDM(Fused Deposition Modeling) 방식의 3D 프린터를 이용하여 각 성질이 다른 필라멘트를 10개를 선정하고 진단용 X선 발생장치를 이용하여 신호강도를 측정하고 CT를 통하여 CT number를 측정하여 뼈와 유사한 물질을 찾고자 하였다. 그 결과 뼈와 유사한 신호강도와 CT number가 측정된 Silicon carbide라는 물질을 발견하였고. 추후 연구를 통해 인체의 뼈와 유사한 밀도를 가진 다양한 연구에 기초자료로 제시될 것으로 사료된다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.537-549
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• 2020

Geometrically nonlinear axisymmetric bending analysis of shear deformable circular plates on a nonlinear three-parameter elastic foundation was made. Plates ranging from "thin" to "moderately thick" were investigated for three types of material: isotropic, transversely isotropic, and orthotropic. The differential equations were discretized by means of the finite difference method (FDM) and the differential quadrature method (DQM). The Newton-Raphson method was applied to find the solution. A parametric investigation using seven unknowns per node was presented. The novelty of the paper is that detailed numerical simulations were made to highlight the combined effects of the material properties and the boundary conditions on (i) the deflection, (ii) the stress resultants, and (iii) the external load. The formulation was verified through comparison studies. It was observed that the results are highly influenced from the boundary conditions, and from the material properties.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.201-208
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• 1999

The NATM(New Austrian Tunnelling Method) has been used for tunnelling since 1980's. But Collapses of tunnel under construction take place frequently, especially at urban areas because of adjacent buildings, underground conduits and traffic loads. This paper is a case study on the reinforcement method of subway tunnel at urban areas. In this study, ground inspection, geological investigation, laboratory test and numerical analysis by means of FDM program were carried out. The tunnel excavation was stopped because of over excessive brake of tunnel crown and shotcrete was installed to prevent deformation of adjacent ground as the temporary method. From the result of field survey and geological investigation, it is found that the soft weathered soil was distributed to the ground of tunnel invert unlike original investigation. The results of the analysis and the study show that the SGR(Space Grouting Rocket) method and Umbrella method can be applied for the stability of tunnel excavation and in addition the reinforcement of concrete lining is required for long-term stability of tunnel.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.631-638
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• 2000

Pioneering work by Terzaghi imparted scientific and mathematical bases to many aspects of this subject and many people use this theory to measure the consolidation settlement until now. In this paper, Finite Difference Methods for consolidation are considered. First, it is shown the stability criterion of Explicit scheme and the Crank-Nicolson scheme, although unconditionally stable in the mathematical sense, produces physically unrealistic solutions when the time step is large. it is also shown that The Fully Implicit scheme shows more satisfactory behavior, but is less accurate for small time steps. and then we need to decide what scheme is more proper to consolidation. The purpose of this paper is to suggest the pertinent scheme to consolidation.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2007

A scroll compressor is on the increase in the use for the cooling and ambition machinery because of the advantages about high efficiency, low vibration and low noise. The design of thrust bearing for scroll compressor has depended on the experience. The lubrication considering the squeeze flow was applied for high side shell and low side shell of scroll thrust bearing. This work was based on governing fluid lubrication equation at the general coordinate. It shows the behavior for an orbiting scroll with direct numerical analysis using FDM. This study obtained the theoretical design value by finding load capacity and tilting angle of an orbiting scroll for thrust bearing in a scroll compressor. Especially this work performed the analysis about the design parameter. The program was written using Visual C++ to enhance user to change the design parameter easily. In particular the result value and the pressure profile were displayed as windows in every step for user to understand without difficulty.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2004

Recently, when being constructed the large structures, the deep excavations have performed to utilize the underground space. As the ground excavation is deeper, the damage of the adjacent structure and the ground is frequently occurred. the Analysis of the retaining structures is necessary to safety of the excavation works. There are many methods such as elasto-plastic theory, FEM, and FDM to analyze the displacement of the retaining structure. In this thesis, GEBA-1 program by the Nakamura-Nakajawa elasto-plastic method was developed. The lateral displacement of the wall was analyzed by the developed program GEBA-1, SUNEX, and EXCAD, and compared with the measured displacement bye the Inclinometer. The monitored fields were three excavation work site in S-I, S-II, and S-III area. Excavation method of each site is braced retaining wall using H-pile. Excavation depth is 14m, 14m, and 8.2m.