• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.501-511
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate BMI, self-esteem and attitude toward body shape perceived by obese adults. Method: The subjects were 129 adults selected from visitors to the obesity clinics of three university hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Results: 1) Of the subjects. 26.3% appeared normal. 2) The mean BMI was 27.38. 3) The degree of self-esteem showed above average as 29.1 on the average. 4) The degree of attitude toward body shape showed above average as 27.2 on the average. 5) There were significant differences in BMI according to educational level (F=4.102, p=.019), in self-esteem according to sex (t=2.484, p=.014), educational level (F=2.781, p=.044), and medication or not (t=2.003, p=.048) and in attitude toward body shape according to age (F=3.059, p=.019), sex(t=-5.281, p=.000), diet or not(t=-3.286, p=001), exercise or not (t=-3.286, p=.001), and medication or not(t=-3.659, p=.000). 6) There were significant correlations between BMI and attitude toward body shape (r=.353, p=.000) and between self-esteem and attitude toward body shape (r=-.310, p=.000). Conclusion: The results of his study suggest that nurses need to help their patients have correct information about obesity.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.1026-1031
• /
• 2017

Purpose. This study was to investigate the relationships among mobile internet addiction, sleep quality, anxiety, and interpersonal relationship in university students. Method. A descriptive study design was used. Between 10 and 31 March 2016, 213 subjects completed a questionnaire consisting of questions on mobile internet addiction, anxiety, sleep quality, and interpersonal relationship. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, One way-ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient SPSS/WIN 21.0 programs. Results. Among mobile internet addiction there were significant differences between gender (t=3.40, p<.001), grade (F= 2.31, p<.001), majority field (F=5.34, p=.005), and take exercise (t=3.50, p<.001). This study has shown that mobile internet addiction were associated with sleep quality (r=-.40, p<.001) and anxiety (r=.14, p=.037). In addition, a correlation has been found significant between anxiety, and sleep quality (r=.48, p<.001), and sleep quality has associated with interpersonal relationship (r=-.46, p<.001). Conclusion. In this study, we revealed the observed a meaningful significant correlation between mobile internet addiction, sleep quality and anxiety. Therefore, it is important to emphasize control of mobile internet addiction for university students. The results of this study can be used as a basis on which to develop a mobile internet addiction intervention program.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.330-346
• /
• 1999

This descriptive correlational study was conducted to identify the variables related to a health promoting lifestyle in high school students. 304 high school students and 189 vocational high school students living in Taegu city were selected by a convenience sampling method. The data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from August 24 to September 4, 1998. Pender and others' Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Shere et al's. Self-Efficacy scale, Wallston et al.'s Internal Health Locus of Control scale, Wares' Health self rating scale and Cohen & Hoberman's Social support scale were used. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, MANOVA, ANOVA. Tukey verification and Stepwise multiple regression with an SAS program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average score of a health promoting lifestyle performance was 2.38(SD=.36) of a 4 point scale .Self-actualization (mean = 2.80. SD = .60). interpersonal support(mean = 2.73, SD=.47), health responsibility (mean=1.53, SD=.47), nutrition(mean=2.64, SD=.63), exercise(mean=2.71. SD=.72) and stress management(mean=2.37, SD=.58) were also analyzed. 2. The combination of self-efficacy, social-support, internal health locus of control. father's educational level and perceived health status explained 37.97% of the variance in health promoting lifestyles. 3. A Health promoting lifestyle showed significant positive correlations with self efficacy(r=.5173. p=.0011), perceived health status(r=.254, p=.001) and internal health locus of control(r=.321. p=.001). 4. According to sex(t=7.38. p=.006). economic state(F=6.62, p=.00l), Father's educational level(F=4.25, p=.005), mother's educational level(F=6.94. p=.000l), the grade of educational performance(F=3.74, p=.024), sleeping hours(F=3.47. p=.032) and social support(F=40.76, p=.0001). there were significant differences and modifying factors in health promoting lifestyles. On the basis of the above findings. self-efficacy in cognitive factors, and social support in modifying factors were identified as the variables which explained most of Pender's health-promotion model. Nursing strategies enhancing self-efficacy and social support which have a more significant effect on health promoting lifestyles should be developed. Further research is required to find out the factors influencing health pormoting lifestyle of high school students.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.186-198
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze social support, job satisfaction and burnout level of Korean nurses who are working in Germany. The data were obtained from 71 nurses in terms of questionnaire which was distributed between October 2000. to January 2001. The analysis of the data was done by means of the SPSS program. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The subjects had social supporters on the average of 8 to 9. The total social support score was 264.79. An analysis of the relationship between social support and general characteristics for the subjects was found to be statistically significant in the case of religion(t=2.783, p< .05 ) and work experience(F=2.594, p< .05). 2. The mean score of job satisfaction was the highest in interaction(3.71) followed by the relationship between nurses and doctors (3.56), and then followed by autonomy, professional position, pay, requirements, administration in descending order. So the total mean score 3.33 was based on a maximum score of 5. An analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction and general characteristics for the subjects was found to be statistically significant in the case of the thought of the value for the nurse job (F=4.977, p< .001). 3. The mean score of burnout level was 2.94 based on a maximum score of 7. Burnout level was the highest in the order of physical exhaustion, emotional exhaustion and mental exhaustion. An analysis of the relationship between burnout level and general characteristics for the subjects was found to be statistically significant in the case of planning period of employed nursing profession (F=4.113, p< .001), shift of work department (F=2.593, p< .05 ), thought of the value for the nurse job (F=3.789, p< .001). 4. The job satisfaction was found higher as the social support was higher(r= .278, p< .05). The burnout level was found lower as the social support was higher(r= .342, p< .01). The burnout level was found lower as the job satisfaction was higher(r= .478, p< .01). These results discussed on the above indicated that social support influenced on job satisfaction and burnout level, and that job satisfaction influenced on burnout level. To improve job satisfaction for the nurse, it is necessary that the role of social support as well as the method to increase it should be investigated correctly. The study to adjust as well as to prevent burnout level is absolutely needed.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.150-159
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of Artemisia A. Smoke(Ssukjahun) on primary dysmenorrhea, Method: This study was a pretestposttest design with a nonequivalent control group. Data were collected from May 1, 2007 to May 27, 2008. A total of 40 women with dysmenorrhea participated in the study. Among them, 20 women were assigned to an experimental group and the other 20 to a control group. Artemisia A. Smoke(Ssukjahun) was provided daily for 4 days, starting 7 days prior to next expected menses in the experimental group. The instruments used in this study included MDQ (Moos' Menstrual Distress Questionnaire) by Kim (1995), Visual Analogue Scale by Keele (1948), and PG F2$\alpha$ by urine. Result: The results of this study are as follows; The experimental group was lower than the control group in the degree of menstrual distress (t=5.25, p=0.000), intensity of dysmenorrhea (t=7.71,p=0.000), and prostaglandin F2$\alpha$ levels (t=4.56, p=0.000). Conclusion: Artemisia A. Smoke (Ssukjahun) was proved as an effective nursing intervention to reduce dysmenorrhea in young women. Its convenience and accessibility may make it a useful intervention in nursing practice and education.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2000.07b
• /
• pp.1426-1428
• /
• 2000

A new block system - MAS (Moving Autoblock System) whose efficiency is higher than FAS(Fixed Autoblock System) in the loading capacity is required to accomodate the increasing transport volume. That MAS has higher efficiency has already been verified through various studies, especially in a line with different types of travelling trains. The efficiency of MAS for Korean high speed line with two different train model is analyzed by computer simulation. The results show that MAS is more efficient than FAS in the loading capacity.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2011

The aim of this study was to compare the effects on the resistance to demineralization by the frequency and method of fluoride application in vitro. ninety-one human enamel specimens were embedded in acrylic resin with the labial surfaces exposes. The specimens were divided into 7 groups; (1) non-treated; (2) 1.23% APF gel 1 time; (3) 2% NaF sol 1 time; (4) 2% NaF sol iontophoresis 1 time; (5) 1.23% APF gel 4 time; (6) 2% NaF sol 4 time; (7) 2% NaF sol iontophoresis 4 time. All the groups were immersed in the remineralizing solution (RS) before baseline and divided into 7 test groups of 13 specimens each. All the specimens were exposed to a pH-cycling model which consisted of demineralization (6 hours) and remineralization (18 hours) for 5 days. The Vickers surface micro-hardness number of all the specimens was measured using microhardness tester and the specimen surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed a Tukey's multiple comparison at a significance level of 0.05. The group 7 showed higher level of microhardness after Fluoride application. The group 1 showed lowest level of microhardness but group 7 showed higher level of microhardness after pH-cycling model, there were significant differences between groups. After the modified pH-cycling, the 2% NaF solution with the iontophoresis group showed the best resistance to demineralization(p<0.05). These results were also confirmed by SEM. The fluoride iontophoresis method was the most effective of the regimens in increasing the acid resistance of the enamel.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.343-345
• /
• 1989

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.245-256
• /
• 1994

A new axisymmetric crack model is proposed on the basis of p-version of the finite element method limited to theory of small scale yielding. To this end, axisymmetric stress element is formulated by integrals of Legendre polynomial which has hierarchical nature and orthogonality relationship. The virtual crack extension method has been adopted to calculate the stress intensity factors for 3-D axisymmetric cracked bodies where the potential energy change as a function of position along the crack front is calculated. The sensitivity with respect to the aspect ratio and Poisson locking has been tested to ascertain the robustness of p-version axisymmetric element. Also, the limit value that is an exact solution obtained by FEM when degree of freedom is infinite can be estimated using the extrapolation equation based on error prediction in energy norm. Numerical examples of thick-walled cylinder, axisymmetric crack in a round bar and internal part-thorough cracked pipes are tested with high precision.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.114-119
• /
• 2018

Background: The retrospective dosimetry using RTL quartz can be improved by information for an optical sensitivity of sample connected with the equivalent dose determination. Materials and Methods: The quartz sample from a volcanic rock of Japan was used. After correcting the thermal quenching effect, RTL peaks of quartz were separated by the CGCD method cooperated with the general order kinetics. The number of overlapped glow peaks were ascertained by the $T_m-T_{stop}$ method. The optical sensitivity was examined by comparing the change of intensity on RTL glow peaks measured after exposure to light from a solar simulator with various illumination times. Results and Discussion: Seven glow peaks appeared to be overlapped on the RTL glow curve. The general order kinetics model was appropriate to separate glow peaks. After exposure to light from a solar simulator from a few minutes to 416 hr, the signals for peaks P4 and P5 decayed following the form of $f(t)=a_1e^{-{\lambda}1t}$, while the signals for peaks P6 and P7 decayed by the form of $f(t) = a_1e^{-{\lambda}1t}+a_2e^{-{\lambda}2t}+a_3e^{-{\lambda}3t}$. Conclusion: For dosimetric peaks, the times taken to reduce the RTL signal to half of its initial value were 70 sec for the peak P4, 54 s for the peak P5, 9,840 sec for the peak P6 and 26,580 sec for the peak P7, respectively. We conclude that the optical sensitivity of peaks P4, and P5 gives much higher than that of peaks P6 and P7.