• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.148-153
• /
• 2010

The effects of Cu(II) and Al(III) on the extraction and separation of Pt(IV) and Pd(II) have been investigated in a mixed chloride solution using Alamine336 as the extractant. In the HCl concentration range of 1 to 5 M, more than 99% of Pt and Pd could be extracted by Alamine336 from all of the mixed chloride solutions investigated in this study. Lower HCl concentration led to a higher separation factor between Pd and Pt when Alamine336 concentration was constant. Extraction percentage of Cu increased with the increase of HCl concentration, while that of Al was nearly constant at 33% in our experimental range. The optimum conditions to extract Pt and Pd from Cu or Al and the separation factor under these conditions were obtained.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.519-523
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we propose a precise parameter extraction of interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors based on finite element analysis. For the calculation of the two-axis inductances Ld and Lq, the slotting effect and cross magnetization due to torque angle are considered. It is examined that back electro-motive force (BEMF) constant is affected by the magnetic saturation in different ways dependent on motor types. Numerical analyses and some measurements are performed for a spoke type and a flux barrier type IPM motors

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.159-164
• /
• 2000

For the purpose of development of a liquid membrane permeator which separates metal ions from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively, a continuous membrane permeator with the membrane solution trapped between extraction and stripping phases by two micro-porous hydrophilic films was manufactured. Experimental researches on the separation of zinc ion from aqueous solutions were performed in the liquid membrane permeator with 30 vol % D2EHPA solution in kerosine as liquid membrane. As results, the liquid membrane permeator separates zinc ion from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively in the wide range of operating conditions. A simple mass transfer rate model using equilibrium constant of the extraction reaction for the system used were proposed, and the model was compared with experimental results of separation of zinc ion in the permeator. And the effects of operating factors, such as space time, pH of extraction solution, extraction temperature, on the separation rate of zinc ion in the permeator were experimentally examined.

• Solar Energy
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 1989

This paper dealt with an experiments on temperature vairation in the heat storage zone due to change of vertical location (height) of sink diffuser and flow extraction in small saltless solar pond ($0.5{\times}0.5{\times}1.0M$), and the honeycomb device for this experimental purpose consisted of one-tired, sealed, and air filled by honeycomb panels. As results of experiments, 1) The storage zone was formed under lower region below the honeycomb device. 2) The higher vertical location of sink diffuser was placed, the more mixing phenomenon increased in the pond at steady flow extraction. 3) The more flow extraction increased, the more mixing phenomenon decreased at constant heat exchanger and variable flow extraction.

• Advances in materials Research
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to observe the trend of compounds release from acrylic resin oral prosthesis when used for drug delivery as well as a restoration. In this study, 10 specimens of heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate material were prepared and loaded with methylene blue biological stain. The specimens were then submerged in vials with 5 ml distilled water for 24 hours. The extraction procedure continued for 4 days, each day the specimens were immersed in another 5 ml distilled water vial. All extracted solutions were analyzed by visible light spectroscopy for absorbance comparison. The statistical results showed that the absorbance values were significantly different in the first day of extraction than the following days. However, there was no statistical difference among the 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th days of extraction. Biological stain loading to acrylic resin at the mixing stage, and then after extraction in distilled water, showed a burst release during the first day followed by a constant release during the following few days.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.871-874
• /
• 1998

A new transmission line parameter extraction method of iC interconnects on silicon substrate is presented. To extract the acurate parameters, the silicon substrate effects were taken into account. Since the electromagnetic fields under the silicon substrate are propagated with slow wave mode, effective dielectric constant and different ground plane with the multi-layer dielectric structures were employed for inductance and capacitance matrix determination. Then accurate signal transients simulation were performed with HSPICE by using the parameters. It was shown that the simulation resutls has an excellent agreement with TDR/TDT measurements.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.203-213
• /
• 1996

In physical and reactive extraction system using equilibrium extraction equipment, the effects of extractants, concentration of extractant, and solvent on the degree of extraction were investigated. The organic acids used were acrylic acid and metacrylic acid. Extractants were n-octylamine(OA), di-n-octylamine(DOA), tri-n-octylamine(TOA) and tri-octylmetyl ammonium chloride(TOMAC ; Aliquat 336). We found that the degree of extraction for reactive extraction was 2~9 times than that for physical extraction and that effect of extractants on the degree of extraction of organic acid was the order of OA

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.275-281
• /
• 2012

Yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis muscle oil was extracted using an environmental friendly solvent, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-$CO_2$), in a semi-batch flow extraction process. SC-$CO_2$ was applied at temperature $35^{\circ}C$ to $45^{\circ}C$ and $150^{\circ}C$ to $250^{\circ}C$ bar of pressure. The flow rate of $CO_2$ (27.79 g/min) was constant throughout the entire 1.5 h extraction period. The oil extraction yield was influenced by the physical properties of SC-$CO_2$ at different temperatures and pressures. The extracted oil was analyzed by gas chromatography to determine the fatty acid composition. According to our results, the SC-$CO_2$ extracted oil was high in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. In addition, the SC-$CO_2$ extracted oil showed greater stability than n-hexane extracted oil based on the peroxide value and acid value. Thus, the quality of yellow croaker oil obtained by SC-$CO_2$ extraction was slightly higher than that of oil obtained by n-hexane extraction.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.329-333
• /
• 2013

SiOC films were prepared by capacitively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition, and the correlation between the binding energy by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Arrhenius equation for ionization energy was studied. The ionization energy decreased with increase of the potential barrier, and then the dielectric constant also decreased. The binding energy decreased with increase of the potential barrier. The dielectric constant and electrical characteristic of SiOC film was obtained by Arrhenius equation. The dielectric constant of SiOC film was decreased by lowering the polarization, which was made from the recombination between opposite polar sites, and the dissociation energy during the deposition. The SiOC film with the lowest dielectric constant had a flat surface, which depended on how carbocations recombined with other broken bonds of precursor molecules, and it became a fine cross-linked structure with low ionization energy, which contributed to decreasing the binding energy by Si 2p, C 1s electron orbital spectra and O 1s electron orbital spectra. The dielectric constant after annealing decreased, owing to the extraction of the $H_2O$ group, and lowering of the polarity.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.131-137
• /
• 1998

A composite copper coated powder was generated by pressure hydrogen stripping copper from Kelex 100 solvent extractant in the presence of silica powder. Within the limitation of solvent extraction under constant conditions, both loading level and stripping rate were reproducible. The stripping copper kinetics are reduced from a divalent state to a metallic state and then deposited on the surface of the silica powder. Copper nucleates heterogeneously on the seed particles. They are giving an agglomerated and non - uniform powder.