• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.551-562
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• 2000

Content-based image retrieval system retrieves an image from a database using visual features. Among approaches to express visual aspects in queries, 'query by sketch' is most convenient and expressive. However, every 'query by sketch' system has the query imperfectness problem. GContent-based image retrieval system retrieves an image from a database using visual features. Among approaches to express visual aspects in queries, 'query by sketch' is most convenient and expressive. However, every 'query by sketch' system has the query imperfectness problem. Generally, the query image produced by a user is different from the intended target image. To overcome this problem, many image retrieval systems use the spatial relationships of the objects, instead of pixel coordinates of the objects. In this paper, a query-converting algorithm for an image retrieval system, which uses the spatial relationship of every two objects as an image feature, is proposed. The proposed algorithm converts the query image into a graph that has the minimum number of edges, by eliminating every transitive edge. Since each edge in the graph represents the spatial relationship of two objects, the elimination of unnecessary edges makes the retrieval process more efficient. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm leads the smaller number of comparison in searching process as compared with other algorithms that do not guarantee the minimum number of edges.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.97-111
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• 2023

Dynamic orphism images expressed with abstraction and construction in color are often found in modern fashion. Orphism stressing color is one of the many art trends that influence fashion. This work aims to examin its expressive effects and characteristics that appear in fashion and provide basic materials for fashion design study. This study proceeds with the following steps. First, the study takes on a theoretical examination of the orphism trend using a literature review. Second, based on its results, modern fashion's expressive features influenced by orphism are analyzed. Third, the study draws expression effects in modern fashion from these characteristics. The study coverage is confined to domestic and foreign collections released in the 21st century. The study contents come from an Internet-base domestic and international database and published material, including dissertations and books. Orphism expression effects are found in the following ways in modern fashion. First, it lies in the abstraction effect of color. This feature arrays flat geometric figure on the clothing surface and applies a strong sense of color inside it, as if color has an abstractive structured design. Second, it gives a dynamic sense visually to the clothes all at once by stressing the relation among and between the colors with powerful contrast. Third, it has a collage effect of color. This effect develops into an organic combination composed of geometric plane figures with intense complementary colors in a single piece of clothing. Expression types that presents the orphism effect in fashion are divided into clothing showing traditional orphism characteristics faithfully and clothing expressing conventional orphism characteristics mixed with modern trends. Further developed orphism fashion can be classified by the playful type, with graffiti added onto an orphism color structure, and the destructive type, where traditional orphism color orders are taken apart and reformed into a new color order.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.770-780
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• 2007

Caports is a fusion style which consists of mix and match and various T.P.Os. The expressive features of Caports style have been strengthened by the combination of functional and decorative design. This study aims to divide the images into categories and to study the decorative features of each category. It is classified into five groups according to its images, Healthy & Sexy, Athletic, Romantic, Girlish, Vintage. The following study has assorted the pictures of Caports style into categories and presents decorative design features in each category. Analyzed materials have been collected from fashion magazines, catalogs, and fashion related Internet sites from 2002 to 2006. The dominant feature of caports was sensitive fashionableness as a day wear based on sportswear. This feature was determined by every factor such as materials, structure and details. In other words, the usage of jersey that could give functionalities and elasticity, structure that exhibit one's silhouette and the decorative designs of functional details make it possible to have this kind of peculiar style. Decorative designs shown in sports wear, casual wear and women's wear were all applied in Caports style. They showed a moderate and coherent style rather than one that was richly ornate or magnificent. So, in the mesa trend of "sportism", Caports style could easily fit into the 21st century's consumers' demands for fusion. And this study of decorating methods of each category of Caports style may provide useful data to help develop the products that consumers demand.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.130-140
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the houses of Richard Meier and those of Mario Botta to identify the features of their houses. To identify the features of their houses through comparison, it was most important to understand the influences of their masters on them. Based on the lessons they learned from their masters, their houses were compared and analyzed. The findings were as follows. First, both their houses illustrated the principle and language of Le Corbuiser. They extended the principle and language of Le Corbuiser with their own thoughts and ideas and applied those to their houses. Second, the difference between their houses arose from the influence of Louis Kahn and Carlo Scarpa on Botta and the influence of Mies van der Roeh on Meier. Botta who was taught by Kahn and Scarpa was able to develop his expressive and heavy style of brick house, while Meier who was influenced from Mies was distinguished for his cold, transparent, sleek and contemporary style of house. Third, they both showed outstanding abilities to integrate the principles and languages of their masters in their own creative ways, when developing their own styles of houses. While Volume of Corbuiser, skills and languages of Kahn and Scarpa were put together in Botta's house, the Corbuiser's feature of sectional variety and the Mies' feature of sleek and transparency were overlapped in Meier's house. Fourth, while new expression shown in Botta's house was achieved in the process of integrating the languages of Kahn and Scarpa, new expression shown in Meier's house was created mostly in the process of taking and applying materials and languages from contemporary times.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.164-171
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• 2022

The aesthetics of Japanese animation have developed in earnest since Tezuka Osamu produced TV animation . This is because provided the aesthetic foundation of '3-comma animation' and 'limited animation techniques based on 8 frames per second. In fact, Miyazaki Hayao and Takahata Isao of Ghibli studio have expanded the influence of the Japanese animation industry to the world through the production of feature animation based on 3-comma animation. Inoue Toshiyuki, who participated as an animator in many works representing the Japanese animation industry, also said that the essential feature of Japanese animation aesthetics is 3 comma animation that shows the impressive movement of the character concisely. As such, 3-comma animation technique is the main aesthetic background that has led to the industrial development of Japanese animation.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2004

This study is aimed at reviewing how the Orientalism trend is expressed in the modem fashion in terms of silhouette, color, materials, and detail. To this end, the geographic scope of this study is limited to China, Japan, Korea, while data are collected from fashion collections, domestic and foreign magazines since 2000's, literature, and internet sites. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Silhouette: the basic square silhouette of the Oriental traditional costume do not disturb the body movement and have an effected on design to smoothly follow the body line rather than cutting out materials into several parts or emphasize the curved body. 2. Color: due to the influence of the Oriental Zen thought, color trend seems to pursue simplicity rather than complexity, and natural aesthetics. In addition, the Oriental colorfulness shall not be ignored. 3. Materials: golden embroidered material, polished satin, jersey, tough or rough materials, etc. have used with materials of the Oriental traditional costume came into fashion. In pattern, the Orientalism trend is expressive of pattern by Chinese ink-spread technique, simple brush touch technique, cloud pattern, lotus flower pattern or dragon pattern, all of which feature the Oriental calm aesthetics or those motivated by the Oriental traditional patterns. 4. Detail: the techniques of handicrafts and manual arts such as meticulous embroidery, tassel or patchwork reflect well the Orientalism trend in the modem fashion.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.80-88
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• 2011

The concept of the modern consumption is not limited to the value of use by mere purchasing and using of the products. The consumers in modern capitalistic society, consumes the semiotic value whose meaning is socially granted, as well as the value for using. Therefore, that tendency that the symbolic sign of the products is consumed to differentiate oneself from the others and express oneself appears. The designed hotel that reflects the features of sign consumption in the modern society and where the discriminate experience can be enjoyed through the unique and diversified design expression is drawing our attention. Therefore, in this paper, based on the theoretical consideration of semiotics, the tendency of sign consumption and its feature appearing in the modem society has been studied. And through the case studies of the hotels which have been built since the 2000s, how such features can be expressed in the space has been studied. As a result of the study, as for the features of expression of modern semiotic consumption society shown in the design hotels, the diversity breaking from the uniformity by the diversified thinking, the hybrid attribute, and the attribute of the differentiated entertaining images, based on hedonism, the inherent symbols and narrative attribute, and the flexible interactions through the experience of emotional consumption, are appearing.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1877-1885
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• 2015

This paper presents a new Nearest-Neighbors based weighted representation for images and weighted K-Nearest-Neighbors (WKNN) classifier to improve the precision of image classification using the Bag of Visual Words (BOVW) based models. Scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) features are firstly extracted from images. Then, the K-means++ algorithm is adopted in place of the conventional K-means algorithm to generate a more effective visual dictionary. Furthermore, the histogram of visual words becomes more expressive by utilizing the proposed weighted vector quantization (WVQ). Finally, WKNN classifier is applied to enhance the properties of the classification task between images in which similar levels of background noise are present. Average precision and absolute change degree are calculated to assess the classification performance and the stability of K-means++ algorithm, respectively. Experimental results on three diverse datasets: Caltech-101, Caltech-256 and PASCAL VOC 2011 show that the proposed WVQ method and WKNN method further improve the performance of classification.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.48-55
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• 2010

Marcel Wanders, one of the greatest designers in the world of contemporary design, was born in the Netherlands. His works run the gamut from interior design to furniture design to lighting design, building a unique world of works. He started to gain fame when he presented "Knotted Chair" at Droog Design in 1996, which was made out of aramid ropes and later became his symbol. In 2000, he established "moooi," a world-renowned design label. By giving characteristic qualities, his works are given meaning, and like a fantastical dream, their images are extremely fantastical and stimulating. As can be seen in his character cover, he puts emphasis on the harmony between minimalism and decoration, establishing his own unique design concept. In this thesis, based on Marcel Wander's design philosophy, his overall design characteristics were classified into theatrical effects and storytelling. Expressive elements depaysement, eclectic mixture, and scale modification were derived from theatrical effects and analyzed; for storytelling, object, semantic cues, and dream and fantasy were derived and analyzed. A distinguishing feature of such analysis is his meaning-centric design approach, the principle by which to form long-term relationships with the users by creating user-centric designs that make them find meaning and values in diverse experiences in their daily routine, giving them familiar yet unique experience.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.416-425
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• 2013

Luis Barragan's Architecture has creative feature that Mexican environment and traditional culture were complete by color. Thus the color of his work makes our emotions rich and colorful. He said "My architecture is autobiographical..." at speech in Pritz price. As we can see in his architectural philosophy that sentimental architecture is important than theorical system, his works are impression of empirical factor with intuition. "Color is a complement to the architecture. It serve to enlarge or reduce a space. It's also useful for adding that touch of magic a place needs", stated Barragan. During his process of shaping space, Barragan drew on color in the same way as an architectural component, according it a spatial funtion and expressive vale. he allied it with light, deeming it a crucial vehical for conveying the emotive attributes a site. The capacity of color to express sensitivity and sensuality within an architecture space is liked to its psycho-physiological qualities. In this kind of view, color featyre in Barragan's work is one of the most important tools to realize sentimental architecture, not only is result of the Mexican regional color. As a result, make focus on analyzing various meaning of the color in Barragan's architecture like poetic and habitable structure.