• 농업과학연구
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2024

Copper sulphate (CuSO₄) level was analyzed in this study to determine the effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ weight, and excreta score in Ross308-broilers. A total of 1,134 mixed sex, 1-d old Ross-308 chicks were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups with 21 replication and 18 chicks / cage. For a period of 32 days, chicks were fed with the following treatment groups: CON: Basal diet, TRT1: 0.032% CuSO₄, TRT2: 0.047% CuSO₄ (Phase 1), 0.032% CuSO₄ (Phase 2), 0.025% CuSO₄ (Phase 3). The experiment was divided into three phases. Phase 1 (day 1 to 9), phase 2 (day 9 to 21), and phase 3 (day 21 to 32). During days 1 to 9, broilers receiving 0.032% or 0.047% of CuSO₄ in TRT1 and TRT2, respectively, had significantly higher body weight gain (BWG) (p = 0.042) than CON. Likewise, comparing TRT1 and TRT2 to CON during days 10 to 21, 0.032% of CuSO₄ significantly increased BWG (p = 0.013) and feed intake (FI), (p = 0.024) in the broiler. When compared to TRT1, the administration of 0.032% and 0.025% of CuSO₄ during days 22 to 32 reduced BWG and FI in CON and TRT2, respectively among the treatment groups. Throughout the experiment, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) did not change. However, the nutrient digestibility, weight of organs, and the score of excreta remained unchanged. The study found that CuSO₄ administration increased broiler BWG and FI without affecting FCR, nutrients digestibility, weight of organs, and excreta score.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.159-166
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• 1976

This study was carried out for the identification of several fungi isolated from some different geographic regional soil samples and evaluation of its pathgenicity to the mice. isolates, The results were isolated from 200 soil samples and 11 strains from 25 pigeon excreta. 2. Seventeen of Cryptococcus neoformans, eight of Candida albicans and Microporum gypseum, six of M. coorei, and three of Sporothrix schencrii were identified group. 3. An association of C. neoformans with avian habitats was found. Ten of the 11 isolates came from areas frequently by pigeons such as pigeon nest and pigeon excreta. 4. The inflammatory reaction produced in mice that were inoculated with C. neoformans and C. albicans intraperitoneal route.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2009

산란계에 대한 비금속광물의 급여가 계사내 암모니아 발생 및 생산성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여, 49주령의 갈색 Lohman 종 산란계 1,020수에 대하여 사료용 공시광물로 소디움벤토나이트, 장석 및 세사를 사료섭취량의 2% 수준으로 첨가 급여하면서 분에서 발생하는 암모니아 농도 및 산란율, 난각강도 등을 조사하였다. 소디움벤토나이트 및 장석 급여구는 세사 급여구에 비해 계분에서 발생하는 암모니아 농도를 유의적으로 감소시키고(P<0.05) 계분 내 질소 함량은 증가시킴으로써 이들 규산염광물질의 급여가 암모니아 발생을 억제함을 보여줌과 동시에 친환경 유기질 비료로서의 가능성을 시사하였다. 또한 산란수에 있어서 처리구 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았으며(p>0.05), 난각강도의 경우 장석 급여군이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났으나(p<0.05) 기존에 보고된 연구결과와 비교해볼 때 우려할 만한 수준은 아닌 것으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 산란계에 대한 규산염계 광물 소디움벤토나이트와 장석의 급여는 생산성에 영향을 미치지 않으면서 계분의 암모니아 발생을 최소화시키는 효과를 발휘하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2019

The groundwater quality through livestock excreta survey based on "Act of the management and use of livestock excreta" was investigated by selecting sampling sites within 1 km of the farmland without considering hydrogeological units. However, these sites can be affected by various pollution sources such as chemical fertilizers and livestock excretions. Additionally, the effects of pollution sources on groundwater quality in the sites cannot be clearly distinguished from naturally occurring backgrounds. In this study, a method was developed to select the sampling sites for groundwater quality through livestock excreta survey in order to understand the effects of pollution sources especially livestock excreta. First, the concentrations of nitrate within the radius of 200 m, 300 m, 500 m and 750 m, respectively, from the farms regarded as pollution sources in hydrogeological units were compared in 2016-2017. All the nitrate concentrations at 200 - 500 m from the farms exceeded a background concentration, 13.3 mg/L. Those at 750 m and the background concentrations measured by the Ministry of Environment were comparable. Therefore, the appropriate radius was suggested as 500 m for livestock excretions survey. In this study, the areas within 500 m from the farms could be considered under the influence of livestock excretions, while those beyond 500 from the pollution sources as background in hydrogeological units. The developed method was validated by applying it to the sites selected based on both administrative divisions and watersheds for livestock excretion survey. The average densities for the developed method were 0.82 and 0.39 points/km2, respectively, which were considered as appropriate levels according to those of the European Environmental Agency.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.29-39
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• 1985

This experimental study was carried out to evaluate the improvement of rural privys and to develop the system of the three septic tank privy. For this study, 42 samples of excreta, 42 samples of soil and 26 samples of vegetables were drawn out of the conventional privys while 26samples of excreta, 26samples of soil and 26samples of vegetables out of the three septic tank privys from five villages in Chun Song County. Kang Won Province for the period from 22th August to 13th October, 1984. The major findings are as follows : 1. Positive cases of helminthes are found 41 out of 42(97.6%) excreta of the conventional privys whereas those from the three septic tank privys are found 2 out of 26 (7.7%). Average numbers of helminthes from the excreta of the conventional privys are 4.4 whereas those from the three septic tank privys are 1.1. 2. Positive cases of helminthes are found 33 out of 42 (78.6%) soil of the conventional privys whereas those from the three septic tank privys are found 20 out of 26(76.9%). However, this difference does not reveal statistical significance (P>0.01). Average numbers of helminthes from the soil of the conventional privys are 2.3 whereas those from the three septic tank privys are 1.7 and the difference in total number of helminthes reveals statistical significance (P<0.05). 3. Positive cases of helminthes from vegetable samples drawn out of the conventional privys are found 13 out of 26(50.0%) whereas those froin the three septic tank ptivys are found 10 out of 26(38.5%). Average numbers of helminthes from vegetable samples drawn out of the conventional privys are 1.1 whereas those from the three septic tank privys are 0.7. However, these differences in both positive rates and total numbers of helminthes do not reveal statistical significance (P>0.05).

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2003

육성 거세 한우(평균 체중 200kg)에게 6주 동안 배합사료의 16%와 볏짚의 48%를 대체하는 수준에서, 그리고 Holstein 비거세우(평균 체중 336 kg)에게 12주 동안 배합사료 4%와 볏짚18%를 대체하는 수준에서 퇴적발효한 육계생분­톱밥­왕겨 혼합물(DBSR 최종 함수율 45%)의 펠렛을 무제한 급여한 후 사료섭취량, 증체율, 사료효율, 경제성 및 도체 특성을 평가하였다. DBSR pellet의 기호성은 양호한 편이었다. 대조구와 비교해서 DBSR pellet 급여는 육성 거세 한우의 증체량(31.6 vs 36.6 kg), 일당 증체율(0.75 vs 0.87), 사료효율(7.23 vs 7.53)과 Holstien 비거세우의 증체량(148 vs 155 kg), 일당증체율(1.76 vs 1.84) 및 사료효율(5.69 vs 6.02)에 유의적 영향을 미치지 않았으며(P＞0.05), 증체 당 사료비용은 축종별로 각각 18.5% 및 3.5% 절감되었다. Holstein 비거세우에의 DBSR pellet 급여는 도체중, 육량 및 육질에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 수분흡수제로서 톱밥, 왕겨와 혼합한 케이지 육계생분의 퇴적발효물은 육성비육우용 사료로서 효과적으로 이용될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.204-210
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• 2018

Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) provide polka dot grouper Chromileptes altevelis with a more readily utilizable source of energy than long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and significantly elevate the plasma cholesterol level of chickens. As a possible alternative to feed antibiotics, this study investigated the effect of different phase levels of medium chain triglycerides on the growth performance, excreta microflora and blood profiles in broilers. A total of 450 ROSS 308 mixed-sex broilers with an average initial body weight of $49{\pm}0.79g$ (1 day of age) were used in this trial. They were randomly assigned to the following 3 treatments (15 birds / 10 replications): CON (Basal diet); MCT1 (Starter, Grower, Finisher: Basal diet + 0.1%, 0.075%, 0.05% of MCT) and MCT2 (Starter, Grower, Finisher: Basal diet + 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.1% of MCT). The results show that supplementing the diets with different phase levels of MCT did not have a significant impact on the body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period. Additionally, there were no differences in the blood profiles and excreta microflora among the treatments. However, this study found that the BWG was increased by 2.3%, and the FCR was decreased by 0.6% in the broiler fed MCT1 treatment group during overall experiment phase. Therefore, the results suggest that MCTs could be used as an alternative to growth promoting feed additives. Moreover, further research should be done to evaluate the effect of the different levels of MCTs.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1802-1810
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing herbal active ingredients (YGF251) which can promote the secretion of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the diet on production performance, egg quality, blood hematology, and excreta gas emission in laying hens. Methods: A total of 288 ISA Brown (41-week-old) laying hens with an initial body weight of 1.83±0.68 kg were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a randomized block design based on body weight. Each treatment had 12 replicate cages having 6 adjacent cages per replicate (hens are kept in cages alone). The experimental period was 35 days. Dietary treatments were based on the corn-soybean meal-wheat-based basal diet and supplemented with 0.00%, 0.05%, 0.10%, or 0.15% YGF251. Results: There was a linear increased egg weight in weeks 1 to 5 (p<0.05), egg mass in week 1 (p<0.05) and weeks 1 to 5 (p<0.05), egg strength on day 7 (p<0.05), 21 (p<0.01), and 35 (p<0.01), eggshell thickness on day 21 (p<0.05) and 35 (p<0.01), haugh unit on day 21 (p<0.01) and 35 (p<0.05), serum IGF-1 concentration on day 21 (p<0.05) and 35 (p<0.01), and serum total protein concentration on day 35 (p<0.05) were observed with the supplementing YGF251 increased in the diet, while feed conversion ratio in weeks 1 to 5 (p<0.05) and excreta ammonia emission (p<0.01) decreased linearly with the dose of YGF251 increased. Conclusion: Dietary supplementation of YGF251 positively affected the production performance and egg quality of laying hens through increasing serum IGF-1 concentration in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, YGF251 supplementation improved barn environment by reducing excreta noxious gas emission.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.1275-1285
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• 2021

The objective of the present experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary palm kernel meal (PKM) and β-xylanase supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, fatty liver incidence, and excreta characteristics in laying hens. A total of 320 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (33 weeks of age) were allotted to 1 of 4 treatments with 8 replicates in a feeding trial. Each replicate consisted of 10 consecutive cages with 1 hen per cage. The corn-soybean meal-based control diet was prepared. Additional diet was prepared by including 10% of PKM in the control diet with a partial replacement of corn, soybean meal, and animal fat. In addition, 0.025% β-xylanase was supplemented at the expense of celite to those 2 diets to produce 4 treatment diets in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. All hens were provided the diet and water ad libitum for 8 weeks. Results indicated no significant interactions between inclusion of dietary PKM and β-xylanase for all measurements; therefore, the main effects were mainly discussed. Hens fed diets containing 10% PKM had greater (p < 0.05) feed intake and yolk color than those fed diets containing no PKM. However, dietary PKM did not influence fatty liver incidence and excreta characteristics. Dietary β-xylanase supplementation had no effects on all measurements, regardless of inclusion of PKM. In conclusion, PKM can be a potential feed ingredient for laying hens at the inclusion of 10% in the diet. It appears that dietary β-xylanase used in the current experiment has little effect on layer productivity, regardless of inclusion of 10% PKM in the diet.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.559-567
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• 2019

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of pig skin collagen supplementation on growth performance, organ weight, blood characteristics, and intestinal microbiota in broilers. A total of 50 Ross 308 broilers were used for 2 weeks. The five dietary treatments were as follows: NC) basal diet, PC) NC + fish collagen powder 0.1%, T1) NC + pig skin collagen 0.1%, T2) NC + pig skin collagen 0.5%, and T3) NC + pig skin collagen 1.0%. The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected (p > 0.05) by the dietary treatments in this experiment. Additionally, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the organ weights among the treatments. Broilers fed T1, T2 and T3 diets had higher (p < 0.05) white blood cell (WBC) counts than the broilers fed the NC and PC diets. The Lactobacillus counts in the excreta were improved (p < 0.05) in the broilers fed the T1 and T2 diets. Moreover, the Salmonella counts in the excreta were decreased (p < 0.05) in the broilers fed the PC and T1 diets. In conclusion, supplementation of pig skin collagen in diets improved the white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood and Lactobacillus counts in the excreta, and reduced the Salmonella counts in the excreta. However, when pig skin collagen was increased in the diets, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05). Therefore, the addition of 0.1% pig skin collagen in the feed provided beneficial effects on the blood characteristics and the intestinal microbiota environment.