• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.122-131
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• 2010

1. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out the growth pattern according to Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods: One hundred forty seven students in the first grade of high school were classified into three groups(So-yangin, So-eumin, Tae-eumin) by QSCC II. We obtained the growth distance curve and growth rate, annual increment based on the Health Record according to Sasang Constitution. Health Record ranged from the first grade of the elementary school to the first grade of high school. And we calculated the Body mass index(BMI) and Mid-parential height(MPH). 3. Results: In case of Male, So-eumin and Tae-eumin showed linear growth patterns, but So-yangin showed rapid growth from 13 to 14. In case of Female, all of the groups showed similar growth pattern. But Tae-eumin showed a more growth from 8 to 9 than So-yangin groups. 4. Conclusions: Growth Pattern seemed to be different according to Sasang Constitution.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2010

1. Objectives: The purpose of this case is to report that a Tae-eumin patient diagnosed as drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by Galgeunhaegi-tang (Gegenjieji-tang) treated with Taeumjowe-tang reduced ephedra to 2g (Taiyintiaowei-tang) and then liver function test Results: improved. 2. Methods: We diagnosed him as Tae-eumin Exterior cold disease induced from the esophagus affected by cold. We made him stop taking Galgeunhaegi-tang (Gegenjieji-tang) and take Taeumjowe-tang reduced ephedra to 2g. (Taiyintiaowei-tang) 3. Results: After our treatment, the symptom and the liver function test Results: improved. 4. Conclusions: The wrong diagnosis of constitution and pathological syndromes can be caused drug-induced liver injury. Taeumjowe-tang reduced ephedra to 2g (Taiyintiaowei-tang) may have an effect on treatment of drug-induced liver injury of Tae- eumin.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.16-27
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• 2010

1. Backgrounds: There are a lack of comprehensive study on Taeeumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea(表熱證泄瀉). Thus, The author examines the content of various literatures related to Tae-eumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea. 2. Methods: Literature examination is used Lee, Je-ma's writings and Sasang Constitutional Medical doctor's writings. Syndrome examination is used Tae-eumin's study on Syndrome of DonguisusebowonGaboGu-bon("咸山沙村東醫壽世保元甲午舊本") and Donguisusebowon("東醫壽世保元") and treatises of the academic world. 3. Results: and Conclusions: 1) "Profuse sweating and reddish and difficult urination"(汗多而小便赤澁) is regard as Taeeumin Interior Febrile Disease(裏熱病). 2) There is no possibility of a misprint about Taeeumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea. Taeeumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea is engaged in both the Exterior and Interior(表裏俱病). 3) It is difficult to prescribe GalgeunHaegi-Tang(葛根解肌湯) instead of Galgeunnabokja-Tang(葛根蘿葍子湯). 4) Tae-eumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea is formed in the early period and absorbed into Donguisusebowon ("東醫壽世保元") in the latter period. "Profuse sweating and reddish and difficult urination" is estimated to be added in the latter period.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.106-115
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• 2014

■ Objectives The purpose of this case study is to report that a hypertension with intracerebral hemorrhage of tae-eumin was treated with 'Cheongsim Yeunja-tang' and then the symptoms were improved and blood pressure was decreased. ■ Methods Although the patient who had hypertension with intracerebral hemorrhage took antihypertension drugs, intermittent increase of blood pressure was shown. We diagnosed him as Tae-eumin and treated with Cheongsim Yeunja-tang. We daily checked blood pressure and evaluated the symptoms. ■ Results After the treatment with Cheongsim Yeunja-tang, blood pressure was decreased and symptoms were improved. ■ Conclusion The result shows Cheongsim Yeunja-tang has antihypertensive effect and improve hypertension symptoms of Tae-eumin patient with intracerebral hemorrhage.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.51-72
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• 2010

The Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) text of "Sang-hanron(傷寒論)" is adopted in the chapter of So-eumin Interior Disease Pattern in "Dong-uisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)". In this study, I have attempted to analyze the Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) texts for the purpose of understanding the So-eumin Interior Disease Pattern thoroughly. In specific, Ijema(李濟馬) stated that the Simhabigyeong(心下痞硬) symptom of the Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) text is identical to the symptoms of other conditions that apply Sasimtang(瀉心湯). Which means that the disease pattern of Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) is a intensified condition of that of Sasimtang(瀉心湯). Next, unlike Jang Jung-gyeong(張仲景) and other annotators of "Sang-hanron(傷寒論)", Ijema(李濟馬) did not perceive Ijungtang(理中湯) to manage the central cho(中焦). Instead, he perceived it appropriate for Tae-eumbyeong(太陰病_disease of Tae-eum), bringing the meaning of Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) into the category of Sameumbyeong(三陰病_disease of the three eum). With this, he made it possible to compare and analyze the texts based on the Sameum/Samyang(三陰三陽) theory. Lastly, Ijema(李濟馬) perceived the symptoms of Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) as So-eum pattern, and categorized it into Tae-eum pattern. Following this, a comprehensive review of Ijema(李濟馬)'s unique understanding of the Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) text and its implications were discussed. This part is not included in this article, however, and will be exclusively dealt with in a subsequent article.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.86-95
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• 2009

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the difference of external appearance measurements in subjects of different regional lineages as subgroups within the Tae-eumin Sasang grouping. Methods: We chose 51 Tae-eumin subjects diagnosed by Korean Sasang constitutional medical doctors aided by voice analysis. The subjects were divided into two groups, the northern and southern lineages, by an expert on facial characteristics of the two lineages. We took pictures of their frontal and lateral views by Martin's method, measured projected length of face with the Facial Feature Measurement Program, and analyzed anthropometric facial differences between the northern and southern types. Results: Results show differences between the northern and southern types. First, the northern type of face has bigger measurements than the southern type on the frontal face. Second, the northern type of face has higher measurements of "height", which means distance from pupil to a specific measurement point, than the southern type on the frontal face. Third, on the frontal face, the northern and southern types have differences with respect to eyebrow, point of sellion, and eye. Fourth, on the side face, the northern and southern types have differences in lip, mandible and ear. Conclusions: We found our anthropometric facial measurements of the northern and southern lineages to be in accordance with previous literature. Knowledge of the differences between the northern and southern lineages can be a hint in constitutional diagnosis when differentiation is clinically confusing.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.235-270
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• 2010

This paper studies the main treatment methods, Ikgi(益氣) and Seung-yang(升陽) applied frequently by Lee Jema(李濟馬) on the exterior disease of So-eumin(少陰人), one of the four constitutions. The methodology of this paper is to understand the pharmacology of "Dong-uisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" by examining the formulas applied by Lee Jema. I have examined the organization of formulas in "Dong-uisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" beforehand to categorize the formulas applicable in this study according to an objective standard. I have analyzed the prescriptions applied to So-eumin exterior disease. As a result, I could see that in the case of Ulgwang(鬱狂) syndrome, Ikgi(益氣) and Seung-yang(升陽) methods were mainly applied, but as the disease progressed, Seung-yang(升陽) was withdrawn while Ikgi(益氣) was stressed. Likewise, in the case of Mang-yang(亡陽), both methods were mainly adopted, but as the patients got worse, the level of Seung-yang(升陽) was maintained and that of Ikgi(益氣) was elevated with the addition of Buja(附子). Through this process, we could verify the overall action of Ikgi(益氣), Seung-yang(升陽) and Buja(附子). Originally, the two methods of Ikgi(益氣) and Seung-yang(升陽) are intimately related, but by analyzing the overall functions of the two methods, we could see that Seung-yang(升陽) and Buja(附子) support the Yang gi of the interior of So-eumin, while Ikgi(益氣) resolves inner stagnation of Yang gi and emits the cold pathogen of the exterior. Also, in the course of treatment, Ikgi(益氣) could only be realized after securing Seung-yang(升陽).

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.216-222
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• 2009

1. Objectives: This case study described a process of the patient diagnosed as acute hepatitis A treated by medication based on the Sasang Constitutional Medicine and acupuctural theraphy and obtained improved effects about several symptoms. 2. Methods: We diagnosed the male patient with acute hepatitis A as Tae-Eumin Exterior-Cold-Disease by the Cold in the Esophagus, and administered Mahwangbalpyo-tang and Handayeolso-tang according to clinical progress. And we evaluated the results by liver function test(LFT; AST, ALT, $\gamma$-GTP ), total bilirubin level and the visual analog scale(VAS) of symptoms. 3. Results and Conclusion: Almost symptoms (except for jaundice) at the time of admission were disappeared, and also jaundice (estimated by color of scleras and color of urine) was alleviated. Also level of AST, ALT, $\gamma$-GTP and total bilirubin decreased in laboratory test. We obtained positive effects to the therapy but we considered necessities of further comparative studies with control group.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2000

In order to understand the psychological charateristics of Sasang Constitution. the Korean version of 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS-20K) was completed by 59 sixth grade students of oriental medical college of KyungHee university who defined as one of Sasang constitution from June 2000 to August, and the mean scores of Yangin versus Eumin and Sasang constitution on TAS-20K was compared. The results of this study were as follows.1. Comparison between male and female on Means of TAS-20K ScoreMann-Whitney U test detected no significant differences between mean ranks of TAS-20K scores of male and those of female in F1, F2 and Total, but significant difference in F3(Mann-Whitney U test, t=2.493. p=.018)2. Comparison between Yangin and Eumin on Means of TAS-20K ScoreMann-whitney U test detected no significant differences between mean ranks of TAS-20K scores of Yangin and those of Eumin in F1. F3 and Total, but significant difference in F2(Mann-Whitney U test. t=-2.805. p=.008)3. Comparison among Sasang constitution on Means of TAS-20K ScoreAlthough mean of TAS-20K score of Taeyangin. Soyangin and Soeumin, there were no significant differences among Sasang constitution in F1, F2 and F3 as well as Total when mean ranks of TAS-20K scores of Sasang constitution were compaed by one-way ANOVA.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.452-457
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• 2016

If human body is exposed to the continuous stress, it becomes allostasis load which is the condition of homeostasis broken. Its evolutional ecologic point of view and the relation with chiljeongsnag which is a theory in Oriental Medicine were investigated. Upon evolutional ecologic point of view by Maynard Smith, people can be divided by Hawks and Doves resulting in different types of allostasis in response of the stress. Hawks people who are active and aggressive get easily anger in the stressful situation to be vulnerable to the inflammatory hepatic diseases by enhancing Th1 immune system. On the other hand, Doves people who are passive and calm get easily depressed with sadness in the stressful situation to be vulnerable to the allergic pulmonary diseases by enhancing Th2 immune system. According to constitution theory of Oriental Medicine, Yangin and Eumin show the different features of responses to the stress generating Chiljeongsang. With excessive stress continuously, Yangin consider the feeling of anger mainly resulting in Qi reversal and liver damage, while Eumin consider the feeling of sadness mainly in consumption of Qi and lung damage. Hawks and Yangin, and Doves and Eumin show the common behaviors in response to the stress demonstrating the similar features including allostasis load and Chiljeongsang. In the clinical practices with the stressful patients, the viewpoint to consider the behaviors and feelings of the subjects to receive the stress simultaneously can be the new approaching method in Psychosomatic Medicine.