• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2016

Ethical considerations are essential in planning for and responding to outbreaks of infectious diseases. During the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in the Republic of Korea in 2015, serious challenges emerged regarding important ethical issues, such as transparency and the protection of privacy. The development of bioethics in Korea has been influenced by individualistic perspectives applied in clinical contexts, leading to a paucity of ethical perspectives relevant to population-level phenomena such as outbreaks. Alternative theories of public health ethics include the perspectives of relational autonomy and the patient as victim and vector. Public health actions need to incorporate clear and systematic procedures founded upon ethical principles. The MERS-CoV epidemic in Korea created significant public support for more aggressive early interventions in future outbreaks. This trend makes it all the more imperative for ethical principles and procedures to be implemented in future planning and responses to outbreaks in order to promote perceptions of legitimacy and civic participation.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.23-37
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• 2022

This study evaluated the engineering students' ethical sensitivity to an AI emotion recognition robot scenario and explored its characteristics. For data collection, 54 students (27 majoring in Convergence Electronic Engineering and 27 majoring in Computer Software) were asked to list five factors regarding the AI robot scenario. For the analysis of ethical sensitivity, it was checked whether the students acknowledged the AI ethical principles in the AI robot scenario, such as safety, controllability, fairness, accountability, and transparency. We also categorized students' levels as either informed or naive based on whether or not they infer specific situations and diverse outcomes and feel a responsibility to take action as engineers. As a result, 40.0% of students' responses contained the AI ethical principles. These include safety 57.1%, controllability 10.7%, fairness 20.5%, accountability 11.6%, and transparency 0.0%. More students demonstrated ethical sensitivity at a naive level (76.8%) rather than at the informed level (23.2%). This study has implications for presenting an ethical sensitivity evaluation tool that can be utilized professionally in educational fields and applying it to engineering students to illustrate specific cases with varying levels of ethical sensitivity.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.23-40
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• 2023

Despite the growing interest and normative discussions on AI ethics, there is a lack of discussion on policy instruments that are necessary for companies to develop AI-based services in compliance with ethical principles. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore policy instruments that can encourage companies to voluntarily comply with and adopt AI ethical standards and self-checklists. The study reviews previous research and similar cases on AI ethics, conducts interviews with AI-related companies, and analyzes the data using AHP to derive action plans. In terms of desirability and feasibility, Research findings show that policy instruments that induce companies to ethically develop AI-based services should be prioritized, while regulatory instruments require a cautious approach. It was also found that a consulting support policy consisting of experts in various fields who can support the use of AI ethics, and support for the development of solutions that adhere to AI ethical standards are necessary as incentive policies. Additionally, the participation and agreement of various stakeholders in the process of establishing AI ethical standards are crucial, and policy instruments need to be continuously supplemented through implementation and feedback. This study is significant as it presents the necessary policy instruments for companies to develop ethical AI-based services through an analytical methodology, moving beyond discursive discussions on AI ethical principles. Further analysis on the effectiveness of policy instruments linked to AI ethical principles is necessary for establishing ethical AI-based service development.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.230-252
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• 1996

Over one million cases of the induced abortion have been conducted annually in Korea. Among those cases, most of all were illegally done, but this has not been addressed in the literature. While Korean Nurse Association Code of Ethics presents the respect for life as one of the basic ideology, it was not dealt enough in nursing education. The purposes of the study were to activate the debate on the issues related to an induced abortion ; to introduce the related ethical theories ; and to seek the solution of the ethical problems, which will eventually result in establishing the morality of nursing practice. The ethical theories of an induced abortion have traditionally addressed two extreme perspectives ; the conservatives who emphasize the sanctity of human life and the right of life that will never ethically allow the killing fetus ; and the liberalists who insist the right to choice for women to control their body. Since these extreme theories has not been helpful to solve the ethical problems, the recent trend is leading to the modified theories both from conservative and liberal perspectives. The examples of the theories are the potentiality of fetus(Singer, 1993), the obligation of women to serve their body to fetus(Held, 1987), the Replacement theory (Callahan, 1987), and the Principle of Caring (Gilligan, 1982). The study conducted the indepth interviews with 17 women who experienced the induced abortion and the 6 cases were selected to be analyzed. The cases were analyzed and interpreted by using an integrated case method which was combined of the New Casuisty(Jonsen & Toulmin, 1988 ; Jonsen, 1991) and the Specified Principlism (Richardson, 1990 ; Degrazia, 1992). The result of analysis revealed three types of ethical problems ; (1) the responsibility of taking care of the baby to be born (2) the fear for the condition of the fetus, and (3) the choice of induced abortion as the method of birth control. The findings also revealed the related ethical principles for various situations ; the principle of caring was used for choosing an induced abortion by the subjects ; the principles of the potentiality of fetus and the obligation of women to serve their body were for the consideration for the life of fetus ; and the principle of replacement was utilized for the right to choice for women. The ethical principles related to an induced abortion introduced in the study provided the way to solve the moral problems by applying to the clinical situations for nurses. The study also revealed the possibility of modifying the current ethical theories from the method of applying the principles to the various situation in the study. The modified theories would be more useful to guide the clinical practice with similar ethical problems.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2010

본 연구는 치과위생사들의 윤리적 딜레마에 대한 인식정도를 파악하고자 치과에서 근무하고 있는 치과위생사 356명을 대상으로 설문조사 하였으며, SPSSWIN 14.0을 이용하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 윤리강령에 대한 인식정도에 있어서 64.9%가 내용은 알지 못하나 윤리강령이 있다는 것은 안다고 응답하였으며, 윤리적 딜레마 경험 시 상담대상에 있어서는 대부분의 경우 동료나 선후배 치과위생사(84.0%)라고 응답하였다. 2. 윤리교육에 대한 필요성에 있어서 86.8%의 대상자들이 필요하다고 응답하였으나 참여의사에 있어서는 그렇다가 50.0%인 반면 모르겠다는 반응도 41.6%나 되었다. 3. 윤리적 의사결정시 영향요인에 있어서는 병원의 정책과 절차가 3.50점으로 가장 높았고, 직업상실의 두려움이 2.49점으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 4. 윤리적 딜레마 영역별로 치과위생사와 전문직 업무가 2.56점, 치과위생사와 대상자 2.33점, 치과위생사와 협동자 2.28점 순이었고, 전체적 딜레마 점수는 2.39점으로 나타났다. 5. 일반적 특성에 따른 전체적 딜레마는 연령에서 31-35세와 36세 이상, 학력은 대학원 이상, 결혼 상태는 미혼, 근무지는 종합병원인 경우, 근무경력이 1-3년 이하에서 점수가 높았으나 집단 간 차이는 크지 않았으며, 통계적으로도 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.47-71
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• 2024

오늘날 대중화된 AI 뉴스 추천 시스템은 개인화된 뉴스 소비 경험을 제공하여 뉴스 등 다양한 콘텐츠를 사용자가 소비하는 과정에서 효율성을 향상시킨 반면에 특정 관점의 정보만을 제공하여 사용자의 정보 편향성을 심화할 수 있다는 우려가 제기되고 있다. 이는 사용자의 다양한 정보 접근을 제한하는 동시에 특정 사안에 대한 올바른 시각의 형성을 방해하여 필터 버블, 에코 챔버 등의 사회적 문제 현상을 강화하여 사회적 격차 및 정보 불균형을 심화시킬 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 AI 기반 뉴스 추천 서비스 사용자가 인지하는 정보 편향성에 미치는 영향을 탐색하여 AI 서비스의 윤리 원칙 수립을 위한 기반을 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 AI 뉴스 추천 시스템에 대하여 사용자가 기대하는 책무성, 설명요구권, 선택권, 프라이버시 보호 지원의 윤리적 원칙이 사용자가 인지하는 정보 편향성에 영향을 미치는지 확인하였다. 이를 통해 AI 제공기업의 윤리적 원칙 강화 필요성을 제기하는 동시에 서비스 품질의 향상을 통한 사용자의 신뢰 기반 지속적 사용을 촉진할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 또한, AI 서비스를 설계하는 과정에서 우선적으로 고려하여야 하는 윤리 원칙을 본 연구에서 확인함에 따라 본 연구의 결과는 기업의 윤리 원칙 프레임워크 및 내부 정책 수립 및 국내 AI 윤리 가이드라인 등 관련 정책 수립의 토대가 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 연구윤리
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2023

Purpose: While prior research has identified ethical issues in marketing research, more research needs to identify specific ethical behaviors that marketing researchers should adopt. This research addresses this gap by identifying a few ethical behaviors that marketing researchers should consider. Research design, data and methodology: The present study has a justification to collect adequate textual data in the current literature using screening process based on the marketing ethics topics and themes, and ethical behaviors of marketing researchers. Results: Based on the literature analysis, a marketing ethics model, which included the principles of fairness, honesty, responsibility, and respect for stakeholders. Since the rise of e-commerce and technology, a growing demand for a method to analyze website user behavior has been growing. Researchers in the field of marketing are responding to this demand by creating innovative interactive platforms. Conclusions: The term "ethical practices in market research" refers to a collection of best practices that, when followed, increase the likelihood that the research carries out is ethical, fair, and accurate. Because there needs to be more theoretical work done on the topic, there should be more empirical studies on ethical behaviors in marketing research.

• 대한기관윤리심의기구협의회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2022

Purpose: The traditional ethical study only suggests a blurred insight on the research using medical big data, especially in this rapid-changing and demanding environment which is called "4th Industry Revolution." Current institutional/ethical issues in big data research need to approach with the thoughtful insight of past ethical study reflecting the understanding of present conditions of this study. This study aims to examine the ethical issues that are emerging in recent health care big data research. So, this study aims to survey the public perceptions on of health care big data as part of the process of public discourse and the acceptance of the utility and provision of big data research as a subject of health care information. In addition, the emerging ethical challenges and how to comply with ethical principles in accordance with principles of the Belmont report will be discussed. Methods: Survey was conducted from June 3th August to 6th September 2020. The online survey was conducted through voluntary participation through Internet users. A total of 319 people who completed the survey (±5.49%P [95% confidence level] were analyzed. Results: In the area of the public's perspective, the survey showed that the medical information is useful for new medical development, but it is also necessary to obtain consents from subjects in order to use that medical information for various research purposes. In addition, many people were more concerned about the possibility of re-identifying personal information in medical big data. Therefore, they mentioned the necessity of transparency and privacy protection in the use of medical information. Conclusion: Big data on medical care is a core resource for the development of medicine directly related to human life, and it is necessary to open up medical data in order to realize the public good. But the ethical principles should not be overlooked. The right to self-determination must be guaranteed by means of clear, diverse consent or withdrawal of subjects, and processed in a lawful, fair and transparent manner in the processing of personal information. In addition, scientific and ethical validity of medical big data research is indispensable. Such ethical healthcare data is the only key that will lead to innovation in the future.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1047-1062
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• 2009

Nowadays, ethical consumers are increasing and they consider social values such as worker's human rights, environment and animal's welfare as key criteria in purchasing products. This study focused on the academic and practical research of ethical consumption, in which the needs and interests are now growing globally. This study addressed the concept, trend and practices of ethical consumption as well as seeking methods to support and promote ethical consumption. It examined the concept and types of ethical consumption from the perspective of the philosophy on ethical consumption. Ethical consumption was defined as a behavior that intended to improve the environment and the welfare of people and animals by purchasing products produced according to sound ethical principles and avoiding products that are made through the exploitation or the damage of people, animals and the environment. It also dealt with the practices of ethical consumption such as the fair trade movement, Clean Clothes Campaign, boycott, local food movement, animal's welfare movement. In conclusion, I suggested that consumers, companies, governments, and NGOs should make an effort to promote ethical consumption.

• 대순사상논총
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• 제23권
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• pp.1-36
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to research the religious-ethical meaning of the scripture (Jeongyung, 典經) of Daesoonjinrihoe, one of religious orders in Korea. It is 'the reorganizing in the order of heaven and earth' (ROHE, 天地公事)that the believers of Daesoonjinrihoe regard as the essence and basis of their religious belief in Jeongyung, and so I focus on it in this paper. And I have applied the method of religious ethics that recognize the relation religion and morality for understanding religious-ethical meaning of moral principles and norms. In the process of this study I have selected a lot of moral principles, norms and activities in ROHE, and sorted them with their social context of ROHE. In this research I have found some characteristics of ethical norms in the ROHE according to three divisions of ethical category such as personal, social and natural ethics. The understanding of mind is an important point of personal ethic in the ROHE. The mind is understood as the subject and object of personal ethical attitude and volition. So one could have ethical attitude by oneself with mind as subject, and reflect and correct on his ethical faults with the mind as ethical object. The distinctiveness of social ethic in the ROHE is special concerns to the weak at that time such as sick person, illegitimate children, shamans, farmhands and etc. This is a logical consequence of the ethical altruism of the ethic of mutual beneficence(相生) and the dignity of human(人尊) in ROHE. And the ethics of mutual beneficence is applied to natural ethic of ROHE. Since natural world including all sort of plants and animals is intimately related to the human worlds, so it is a desirable attitude for to accommodate to the changes of nature. Even if these characteristics of ethics in ROHE are justified by the religious beliefs, the norms from them are available in our religious pluralistic societies, since they have common ethical values of other religious ethics. It is my concluding remark that religious orders or denominations have to offer a lot of moral norms suitable to religious pluralistic situation. Because it is needed for our society to conquer various sort and kind conflicts among religions, and to act harmoniously together for public peace.