• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2775-2780
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• 2012

In recent years there has been a substantial increase in the use of functional foods for disease control. Fruits and vegetables produce phytochemicals such as flavonoids and antioxidants which can lower oxidative stress and reduce the risk of chronic ailments like cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity and the possible protective effects of Amaranthus paniculatus leaves on the antioxidant defense system in Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC)-treated mice. Oral administration of the leaf extract at different doses caused a significant decrease in tumor volume, viable cell count and tumor weight and elevated the life span of EAC bearing mice. It also showed an improved antioxidant potential as evidenced by a significant increase in the cellular antioxidant defense system such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione and also significantly reduced the levels of TBARS. The levels of RBC, hemoglobin and lymphocyte count were altered in EAC bearing mice and were reverted back to near normal levels after the treatment with the leaf extracts. Their adequate content of total phenolics and flavonoids, DPPH scavenging activity which further suggests that the extracts exert a significant protection against oxidative stress conditions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.3602-3608
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• 2013

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is a common species of yeast, is by far the most extensively studied model of a eukaryote because although it is one of the simplest eukaryotes, its basic cellular processes resemble those of higher organisms. In addition, yeast is a commercially valuable organism for ethanol production. Since the yeast data can be extrapolated to the important aspects of higher organisms, many researchers have studied yeast metabolism under various conditions. In this report, we analyzed and compared metabolites of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under salt and pH stresses of various strengths by using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. A total of 31 metabolites were identified for most of the samples. The levels of many identified metabolites showed gradual or drastic increases or decreases depending on the severity of the stresses involved. The statistical analysis produced a holistic outline: pH stresses were clustered together, but salt stresses were spread out depending on the severity. This work could provide a link between the metabolite profiles and mRNA or protein profiles under representative and well studied stress conditions.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.432-436
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• 2014

We investigated antioxidative activity of the ethanol extracts of leaves of Cornus walteri Wanger (CWE) by treated enzyme in human dermal fibroblast (HDFs) irradiated by UVB. We examined the in vitro chemical and cellular antioxidant activities of CWE in HDFs. We employed scavenging assay for the 1,1-diphenyl-2,5-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and cellular antioxidative activity of CWE, and we was investigated in $H_2O_2$-treated or UVB-irradiated HDFs. The CWE effectively scavenged DPPH radicals ($IC_{50}$ $7.03{\pm}0.4{\mu}g/mL$) when compared to the scavenging activities of L-ascorbic acid ($IC_{50}$ $4.69{\pm}0.3{\mu}g/mL$). CWE reduced UVB-induced cellular damage in HS68 cells by MTT assay and inhibited intracellular ROS generation in dose-dependent manner. In addition, CWE also attenuated the elevated levels of 8-isoprostane resulting from UVB-mediated oxidative stress. Collectively, these results suggest that CWE could be a new potential candidate as antioxidant against UVB-induced oxidative stress in HDFs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.243-243
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• 2017

Leaf colors of rice can be used to identify stress level due to its adaptation to environmental change. For most leaves green-related colors are sourced from chlorophyll a and b. For most leaves green-related colors are consisted of chlorophyll a and b. Chlorophyll concentration is normally measured using a spectrophotometer in laboratory. In some remote observation fields, it is impossible to collect the leaves, preserve them, and bring them to laboratory to measure their chlorophyll content. The measurement of chlorophyll content is observed through its color. Using CIE chromaticity diagram leaf color information in RGB is transformed into wavelength (in nm). Pheophytin contents were also analyzed in 95% ethanol extracts. In the process of leaf development of rice young seedling, both pigments were compared. Leaf samples from different rice seedling bed is taken, their colors and RGB values are recorded using Photoshop Image Analysis. SPAD-502 values were also measured. The chlorophyll and Pheophytin contents were fully estimated by ${\rightthreetimes}_{avg}$ on CIE chromaticity diagram.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.314-319
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• 2017

To evaluate the longevity property of Allium hookeri (Liliaceae) leaves, this study was performed. Ethanol extract of A. hookeri was successively partitioned as methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and $H_2O$ soluble fractions, and lifespan-extending effects of the fractions were checked using Caenorhabditis elegans model system. The most active ethyl acetate-soluble fraction elevated heat stress tolerance, and increased expression of stress resistance protein. Further studies were performed to investigate several aging-related factors such as reproduction, food intake, growth and movement of C. elegans. The results revealed that there were no significant changes in aging-related factors including reproduction and food intake, however, ethyl acetate-soluble fraction treatment led to up-regulation of locomotory ability and growth of aged worms, suggesting ethyl acetate-soluble fraction affected healthspan as well as lifespan of nematode.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2022

The imbalance of oxidative stress due to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to the pathogenesis of liver disease. To prevent this, the role of antioxidant mechanisms is important. Antioxidant studies have been reported on the Filipendula glaberrima Nakai. However, studies applied to HepG2 cells, which are human liver cells, have not yet been conducted. In this study, 70% ethanol extract of Filipendula glaberrima Nakai (FGE) was prepared and antioxidant activity was investigated. It was confirmed whether FGE pretreatment could reduce hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. The increase in gene expression of antioxidant biomarkers and the scavenging ability of ROS were measured, and Hoechst 33342 staining was used to know the inhibitory effect of the apoptosis. As a result, FGE significantly increased SOD (2.6-fold), CAT (4.4-fold), MT-1A (3.1-fold), GPx (4-fold), and G6PD (2.4)-fold compared to the H₂O₂-treated group. FGE directly inhibited ROS production from 13.4 to 3.6 (the fluorescence mean of DCF-DA) and also reduced apoptotic cells from 45% to 10% (Hoechst 33342 staining) at 2.5 ㎍/mL. These results demonstrate the excellent antioxidant activity of FGE and show that it can be used as a functional food to prevent liver disease.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.321-331
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• 2022

Egg yolk is widely used to extract lecithin, which is utilized in the food and cosmetics industry. After lecithin is removed, the rest of egg yolk is generated as a by-product. Thus, it is necessary to properly utilize it. In this study, egg yolk protein extracts were produced using ethanol (EYE-E) and water (EYE-W). Their antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects were then evaluated. Antioxidant activities of EYE-E and EYE-W were determined using cellular antioxidant capacity (CAC) assay and comet assay. EYE-E and EYE-W showed significant (p<0.05) scavenging effects on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose dependent manner. At a concentration of 50 ㎍/mL, EYE-W showed higher (p<0.05) antioxidant activity than EYE-E. EYE-E and EYE-W also exhibited protective effects against DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. After treatment with EYE-E and EYE-W, DNA damage level of 48.7% due to oxidative stress was decreased to 36.2% and 31.8% levels, respectively. In addition, EYE-E and EYE-W showed immunomodulatory effects by regulating Th1 cytokines (TNF-α and IL-2) and Th2 cytokines (IL-10 and IL-4) in Balb/c mouse splenocytes. These data suggest that EYE-E and EYE-W could be used as functional food ingredients with excellent antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities in the food industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.1137-1143
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• 2015

This study investigated the free radical-scavenging and antitumor activities of hot water, water, acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and hexane extracts of fruits and leaves from Prunus mume. The various extracts were evaluated for their total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin contents, scavenging activities by DPPH and ABTS analyses, reducing power, protective effects against oxidative stress in L-132 cells, and antitumor activities against A549, HeLa, and U87 cancer cells. Ethanol extracts of fruits and leaves showed the highest total polyphenol content (336.41 and 523 mg GAE/100 g, respectively). DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities increased according to concentration of fruit. DPPH radical-scavenging activity of ethanol extracts from leaves was 65.48% at $200{\mu}g/mL$. All extract fractions of leaves showed high ABTS radical-scavenging activities. The reducing power activities increased according to increasing concentration of fruits and leaves. All extracts of leaves performed better than extracts of fruits in terms of protective effects against oxidative stress in L-132 cells. Ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane, ethanol extracts of fruits and leaves showed anticancer activities against A549, HeLa, and U87 cancer cells. However, ethanol extracts of fruits and leaves showed no toxicity in normal cells (BNLCL2). This study suggests that antioxidant activities of fruits and leaves from P. mume depend on polyphenol contents. Thus, fruits and leaves from P. mume can be useful as natural antioxidant compounds.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1173-1176
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• 2008

Individuals who regularly consume excessive quantities of alcohol are at a greater risk of developing various cancers such as esophageal, pharyngeal and lung cancers compared to normal populations if they are deficient in ALDH2 enzyme activity. We evaluated oxidative DNA damage in the liver, brain, and lung tissues of Aldh2 +/+ and Aldh2 -/- mice after they had been subjected to acute ethanol exposure. The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level in each tissue was evaluated as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. The 8-OHdG level in the liver, brain, and lung tissues was significantly increased following ethanol treatment. In addition, the level of 8-OHdG in the liver and lung tissues was affected by ALDH2 enzyme activity. This result suggests that ALDH2-deficient individuals may be more susceptible than wild-type ALDH2 individuals to ethanol-mediated diseases, including cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.1391-1397
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• 2016

We investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Angelica keiskei Koidzumi extract (AK) in HepG2-overexpressing cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) and C57BL/6J mice. In HepG2 cells expressing CYP2E1, cell viability and catalase activity in the ethanol-AK co-treated group significantly increased compared to those in the ethanol-treated group. In the in vivo study with C57BL/6J mice, the AK-supplemented group with ethanol liquid diet showed significantly reduced hepatic markers, including serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transferase, compared to the ethanol group without AK supplementation. AK supplementation (20 mg/kg BW/d) also significantly attenuated reactive oxygen species generation and malondialdehyde level. Notably, a low dose of AK supplementation (20 mg/kg BW/d) suppressed expression of hepatic CYP2E1 and inhibited CYP2E1 enzyme activity. These data indicate that a low dose of AK supplementation could restrain alcohol-induced hepatic damage mediated by CYP2E1.