• 생약학회지
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• 제33권4호통권131호
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• pp.384-388
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• 2002

The effects of the ethanol (EtOH)-extract of Allium wageki were studied on the changes of body weight (BW), systolic blood pressure (SBP), triacylglycerol (TG), cholesterol, and insulin levels in Sprague-Dawley rats in which high fructose feeding elicited hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. SBP and BW were measured for 7 weeks on the fructose diet, fructose/EtOH-extract, vehicle- treated, or vehicle/EtOH-treated rats. The EtOH-extract of Allium wageki blocked the increases of SBP ($119.4{\pm}3.7\;mmHg$ in fructose/EtOH-extract of Allium wageki; $141{\pm}4.3 \;mmHg$ in fructose diet, p<0.01) and BW ($368{\pm}11.4\;g$ in fructose/EtOH-extract of Allium wageki; $402{\pm}15.7\;g$ in fructose diet, p<0.05) by high fructose-diet. The increases of TG, total cholesterol, and insulin levels were also blocked by administration of EtOH-extract of Allium wageki in fructose-induced hypertensive rats. These results suggest that EtOH-extract of Allium wageki has protect effects on the increases of TG, total cholesterol, insulin level, and blood pressure in fructose-induced hypertensive rats.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권3호통권134호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2003

This paper is intended as an investigation of the analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography and the method of extraction of decursin and decursinol angelate in Angelica gigas roots. There are three kinds of extraction methods: distilled water, 50% EtOH and 100% EtOH. The condition of HPLC was obtained on a reversed-phase column $(Polarity\;dC_{18},\;4.6{\times}250 mm,\;5\;{\mu}m)$ using a phosphate buffer-acetonitrile-sodium lauryl sulfate as the mobile phase. Under these chromatographic conditions, UV detector was 230 nm, column temperature $30^{\circ}C$ and the speed of a current 1.0 ml/min, respectively. The results of extraction with distilled water, 50% EtOH and 100% EtOH in Angelica gigas roots were as follows. The concentrations of decursin and decursinol angelate were 182 and 153 ppm (distilled water), 3,142 and 2,547 ppm (50% EtOH) and 3,341 and 2,778 ppm (100% EtOH). There were high positive correlations between the concentrations of decursin and EtOH (r=0.8928, p<0.01) and decursinol angelate and EtOH (r=0.9009, p<0.01).

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2020

Mulberry root bark is one of potential plant sources for antioxidant materials which can be used for the relief of oxidative stress. To explore the effects of solvent type and temperature on the structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of the root bark extracts, we prepared various extracts of mulberry root bark (Morus alba L.) using 0 - 100 % ethanol (EtOH) at RT - 100℃. EtOH concentration and temperature critically affected the extraction yields, the content of bioactive components, and antioxidant activity of the extracts. Use of high content of EtOH solvent and low temperature resulted in the low extraction yield. Meanwhile, it was revealed that the extract prepared using absolute EtOH at room temperature contained polyphenols and flavonoids with the highest contents among other extracts. Interestingly, the temperature differently affected the polyphenol and flavonoid contents according to the solvent types. In the case of 30% EtOH solvent, polyphenol and flavonoid contents increased with an increase in temperature, whereas in the case of 70 and 100 % EtOH, these contents decreased. Using the radical scavenging assay, it was confirmed that the 100% EtOH extracts had higher antioxidant activity compared to distilled water (DW) extracts regardless of temperature. Also, heating might extract more antioxidant components from the root bark. Especially, the extract prepared using 30% EtOH solvent at 100℃ showed the highest antioxidant activity. Taken together, these experimental results imply that the extraction parameters should be designed carefully considering the productivity, the extracted bioactive components, and antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2014

Aspergillus oryzae로 발효시킨 청미래덩굴잎 용매추출분획물의 xanthine oxidase (XO) 및 aldehyde oxidase (AO) 저해활성과 항고요산혈증에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 용매별 추출수율(g/kg)은 80% ethanol (EtOH)은 13.56이었으며, n-hexane, dichloromethane (DICM), ethylacetate (EtOAc) 및 n-butanol fraction (BuOH)은 1.35-3.33 범위였다. Total polyphenol 함량(mg/g-extract)은 EtOAc fraction 478.07-501.26, BuOH fraction 259.49-289.02, DICM fraction 165.03-232.27, EtOH fraction 134.02-196.54이었으며 EtOAc 및 DICM fraction에서는 발효시킨 경우가 비발효에 비하여 각각 4.85 및 40.74%가 높았으나 그 외 모든 fraction에서는 발효시킨 경우가 낮았다. 총 flavonoid 함량은 EtOAc fraction이 여타 fraction에 비하여 높았다. EtOAc 및 BuOH fraction의 TF 함량은 발효시킨 경우가 비 발효에 비하여 각각 10.56% 및 60.17%가 높았으나 여타 fraction들에서는 발효시킨 경우가 낮았다. XO 저해활성은 모든 분획물에서 발효시킨 경우가 비발효에 비하여 현저하게 높았으며 EtOAc 및 BuOH fraction의 경우 발효시킨 경우는 각각 75.02 및 65.59%로 비발효 경우 39.42 및 5.34% 보다 현저하게 높았다. AO 저해활성은 DICM과 EtOAc fraction에서 각각 81.82 및 77.93%로 여타 fraction들에 비하여 높았으며 XO의 경우와 마찬가지로 발효시킨 경우가 비발효에 비하여 현저하게 높았다. 고요산혈증 mouse의 혈중 요산(SU) 함량에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 고요산혈증 대조군의 SU 함량은 6.98 mg/dL로 정상대조군 (NC)의 3.82 mg/dL에 비하여 1.83배가 높았으나, EtOAc fraction은 투여량에 의존적으로 SU의 함량이 감소하였으며, 발효시킨 경우가 비발효에 비하여 유의적인 감소를 보였다. 이상의 결과, A. oryzae와 청미래덩굴잎의 발효과정을 통해, glycoside형태의 flavonoid를 aglycone화하여 비발효에 비해 높은 XO 및 AO 저해활성과 함께 항고요산혈증 효과를 나타내는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권11호
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• pp.1528-1534
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• 2009

구기자는 식용가능하고 제2형 당뇨병 합병증인 지방간분해, 고혈압 및 고혈당에 효능이 있다고 알려져 있다. 하지만 당 대사 및 지질 대사에 작용하는 정확한 기작에 대한 연구는 아직 미비하기에 탄수화물 소화효소인 ${\alpha}$-amylase와 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase의 저해활성 및 정상생쥐를 이용한 혈당강하 효과와 3T3-L1 adipocyte를 통하여 비만축적 억제효과를 보았다. 구기자 추출은 80% MeOH, 70% EtOH 및 열수추출하였으며 이들 중 ${\alpha}$-amylase 50% 저해 활성($IC_{50}$)은 saliva ${\alpha}$-amylase에서 acarbose, 80% MeOH, 70% EtOH, aqueous(7.04, 3.19, 3.20, 3.66 mg/mL), pacreas ${\alpha}$-amylase acarbose, 80% MeOH, 70% EtOH, aqueous(10.97, 4.16, 3.07, 3.55 mg/mL)로 saliva ${\alpha}$-amylase에선 acarbose보다 80% MeOH, 70% EtOH 추출물이 가장 낮은 농도에서 $IC_{50}$값을 나타냈고 pacreas ${\alpha}$-amylase에서는 70% EtOH 추출물이 가장 낮은 농도에서 $IC_{50}$값을 나타냈다. 또한 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 yeast ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성저해 $IC_{50}$값은 80% MeOH, 70% EtOH, aqueous(5.01, 4.98, 4.80 ${\mu}g/mL$)로 구기자 추출물 모두 acarbose(5.05)보다 우수한 $IC_{50}$값을 나타냈다. 정상생쥐에게 탄수화물 소화효소의 저해활성이 높은 70% EtOH 추출물을 전분과 함께 경구투여 한 후 내당능을 측정한 결과, 전분과 함께 100, 200 mg/kg body weight를 경구투여 한 경우, 대조군에 비해 투여 후 30, 60, 90, 120분에 혈당 증가가 낮았다. 또한 추출물을 100 mg보다 200 mg 투여하였을 경우 대조군에 비해 각각 19% 및 40%씩 저하되었으며, 120분에는 대조군 수준이 되었다. 그리고 3T3-L1 adipocyte에서 비만축적 억제효과를 측정한 결과 70% EtOH 추출물 농도가 증가함에 따라 leptin, 중성지방 농도가 감소하였고 유리지방산 농도는 증가하였다. 이상의 연구 결과 구기자 추출물 중 70% EtOH는 acarbose보다 높은 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, ${\alpha}$-amylase 저해활성을 나타냈으며, 정상생쥐를 통해 식후 혈당증가를 저하시키는 효과를 확인하였고 GLUT4 발현 역시 증가함을 확인했다. 이를 통해 구기자 추출물이 지방축적 억제와 인슐린 저항성 억제 및 혈당강하 기전을 확인하여 제2형 당뇨병 개선에 효과적인 것으로 판단, 추후 더 연구하여 보다 더 정확한 성분을 조사할 필요성이 있다고 사료된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2016

In the present study, silk fibroin (SF) was dissolved in $CaCl_2/H_2O/EtOH$ solution at $85^{\circ}C$. After the dissolution, the SF solution was cooled down and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 28 d. The stability of the solution's viscosity and electrospinnability was observed to examine the stability of SF molecules during storage in $CaCl_2/H_2O/EtOH$ solution. The viscosities of $SF/CaCl_2/H_2O/EtOH$ solution and SF formic acid solution did not change during 28 days' storage of SF in $CaCl_2/H_2O/EtOH$ solution. The electrospinnability of the SF solution, mean diameter of the electrospun SF fiber, and crystallinity index of electrospun SF web did not change, regardless of the length of the storage period. These results imply that SF molecules do not degrade during 28 days' storage in $CaCl_2/H_2O/EtOH$ solution.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1495-1499
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of water extract from Artemisiae Argi Folium (WAAF) on hydrogen peroxide production within mouse macrophage Raw 264.7 Cells treated with gallic acid, EtOH, LPS, and acetaminophen. WAAF (0${\sim}$400 ug/mL) was treated with gallic acid, EtOH, LPS, acetaminophen. And the intracellular productions of hydrogen peroxide were measured by dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) assay. WAAF showed the restoration of the intracellular productions of hydrogen peroxide which were reduced by gallic acid, EtOH, LPS, and acetaminophen in Raw 264.7 Cells. WAAF could be supposed to have the immunological activity related with macrophage's oxidative burst.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.457-462
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of water extract from Artemisiae Argi Folium Fermented with Lactobacillus pentosus (AFL) on viability of human hepatocyte HepG2 cells treated with hepatotoxicants such as EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, acetaldehyde, and lipopolysaccharide. AFL (0~400 ug/mL) was treated with EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, acetaldehyde, and lipopolysaccharide. And the viability of HepG2 cells was measured by MTT assay. AFL at the high concentration such as 400 ug/mL showed to increase significantly viabilities of HepG2 cells compared with hepatotoxicants (EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, and lipopolysaccharide) only (p<0.05). AFL could be supposed to have the hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxicants such as gallic acid, EtOH, nicotine, acetaminophen, and lipopolysaccharide at the high concentration.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.284-289
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of water extract from Artemisiae Argi Folium Fermented with Sacchromyces cerevisiae (AFS) on viability of human hepatocyte HepG2 cells treated with hepatotoxicants such as EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, acetaldehyde, and lipopolysaccharide. AFS (0~400 ug/mL) was treated with EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, acetaldehyde, and lipopolysaccharide. And the viability of HepG2 cells was measured by MTT assay. AFS showed to increase significantly viabilities of HepG2 cells compared with hepatotoxicants (EtOH, gallic acid, nicotine, acetaminophen, and lipopolysaccharide) only (p<0.05). AFS could be supposed to have the hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxicants such as gallic acid, EtOH, nicotine, acetaminophen, and lipopolysaccharide.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1991

Monodispersed PZT fine particles were obtained from the condition which 0.2Pb (OC3H7)2/EtOH, 0.108Zr(OC4H9)4/EtOH and 0.092 Ti (OC2H5)4/EtOH were refluxed for 5 hrs at 76$^{\circ}C$ and hydrolyzed with 0.1-0.4 H2O/EtOH. The monodispersed particle was amorphous and crystallized to the tetragonal PZT phase when heated at $600^{\circ}C$. Particle size was about 0.55${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in 0.3 H2O/EtOH and 0.3${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in other cases. Relative density of sintered body at 90$0^{\circ}C$ and 100$0^{\circ}C$ was 93.5% and 98%, respectively.