• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2020

After the THAAD crisis, Goyang city's Global Medical Service performance is showing a sharp decline compared to other cities and provinces. In particular, the contraction of participants who can create policy outcomes such as Medical Institutions and Attracting companies has emerged as the biggest problem. Therefore, Goyang City wanted to derive effective marketing policies and establish marketing policies according to their priorities in order to prevent the deaths of the future patient visitor market as well as performance. In order to examine such policy needs more closely, this paper reviewed the Global Medical Service policies of Goyang City based on AHP analysis, and derived a ranking of 28 major policies and preferred policies for each participant. In the future, Goyang City is expected to derive major policy effects by applying the results of this study to the establishment of marketing policies through customized policies for each medical institution type and Patient attraction company.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2015

As the issuance of type certificate and production certificate for KC-100 Naraon, Korea is ranked as the State of Design and the State of Manufacture for civil aircraft specified in the Convention on International Civil Aviation. It means that another responsibilities are imposed and new frameworks are required for the airworthiness management including the continuing airworthiness. So far the minimum airworthiness management system was sufficient as the State of Registry for the aircraft operations and safety management. However, we need to establish and maintain the airworthiness management system for the effective certification and oversight of our air operators and approval holders. This paper introduces the new obligations under the Convention on International Civil Aviation, reviews the current aviation regulations and procedures and presents the strategy for the establishment of the regulatory system to ensure the airworthiness of aircraft.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1999

'Konwoo', bermudagrass[Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers.] (Patent registration no. 2000-724), a vegetative cultivar, was developed by the Dept. of Horticultural Science, Konkuk University, Seoul. 'Konwoo' was selected in 1997 among 20 lines collected from Korea, Japan, Tiwan, China, U. S. A, and Australia. 'Konwoo' morphologically similar to Tifway 419 was selected due to the erect type, short leaf length($1.3\pm$0.3cm), fine leaf($2.0\pm$0.5mm), rapid establishment and recoverage, many stolon number and high shoot density. When 'Konwoo' was compared to the four other bermudagrass lines at the DNA level using 54 PCR primers, it had the specific bands with primer No. 102, 275, 280, 295, 300, 739 by RAPD analysis.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.613-617
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• 2016

Development-concerned parties, business managers and test evaluators have experienced conflicts among themselves due to the absence of standardized criteria for military electro-optical(EO) and infrared(IR) devices in test evaluation planning and evaluation phases. Therefore, establishment of objectified test and evaluation criteria for EO/IR devices is required. This paper applies South Korea's weather measurement average of minimum 15 km for visibility range, 3 bar from Johnson criteria for EO device and 4 bar from NATO's STANAG-4347 for IR device for target type, and 50 % probability for evaluation criteria, respectively. Based upon these criteria, this paper will establish suitable criteria that are improved for development weapon system in consideration of required capability of demanding forces and field environment.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.129-146
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• 2003

켄터키블루그라스, 퍼레니얼라이그라스, 톨훼스큐 및 한지형 혼합구의 뗏장실험 결과 파종 후 피복도, 균일도, 근계 형성력 및 잔디품질의 차이가 나타났는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 초종간 피복도 경향은 초기에는 발아속도의 영향을 받았지만, 후기에는 생장습성의 영향을 더 크게 받았다. 파종 후 6주까지는 발아속도가 가장 빠른 퍼레니얼라이그라스의 피복도가 가장 양호하였고, 톨훼스큐는 중간 정도, 그리고 발아속도가 느린 켄터키블루그라스는 가장 저조하였다. 하지만, 파종 후 7주정도 지나서는 퍼레니얼라이그라스나 톨훼스큐에 비해 켄터키블루그라스의 피복도 향상이 가장 두드러지게 나타났다. 2. 조성 후기에 피복도 경향이 달라지게 된 것은 켄터키블루그라스의 경우 생육형이 R-type으로 발아 후 생장이 직립경과 지하경으로 둘 다 가능함으로 생장속도가 빨라지면서 잔디면 피복이 빠르게 되었기 때문이다. 반면, 초기 피복도가 양호한 퍼레니얼라이그라스는 연약한 줄기조직으로 인해 병에 쉽게 걸려 밀도가 떨어졌고, 톨훼스큐는 저온에 약한 특성으로 인해 생장 속도가 저조해지면서 피복도가 떨어졌다. 3. 뗏장의 균일도가 가장 우수한 종류는 켄터키블루그라스였는데 이는 생육형이 R-type으로 지하경 포복으로 낮게 자라는 습성 및 질감이 고운 세엽 특성 때문이었다. 퍼레니얼라이그라스는 켄터키블루그라스와 톨훼스큐의 중간 정도였는데 이는 생육형이 B-type으로 생장이 직립경으로만 이루어지기 때문에 줄기간의 초장 차이가 크게 나타나면서 균일도가 다소 떨어졌다. 그리고 단일 초종구 중 톨훼스큐의 균일도가 가장 불량하였는데 이는 생육형이 B-type으로 직립경으로 생장하고, 또한 질감이 거칠은 광엽 특성과 함께 신초의 전개 각도가 넓어 잔디면이 북더기 모양으로 나타나기 때문이었다. 혼합구 균일도는 색상, 밀도, 질감 및 생육형 등의 특성이 서로 다른 여러 초종이 혼합되었기 때문에 단일 초종 보다 낮았다. 따라서 균질의 품질을 기대 시 여러 종류의 초종을 혼합(mixture)하여 파종하는 것보다는 단일 초종을 사용 (blend)하는 것이 훨씬 더 바람직하다. 4. 또한, 혼합구의 경우 단일 처리구에 비해 신초 출현 시 경합이 강하게 나타났다. 혼합구에서 켄터키블루그라스의 신초 발생 속도는 켄터키블루그라스 100％ 단일종으로만 식재한 것에 비해 30∼40％ 정도 느렸고, 퍼레니얼라이그라스도 퍼레니얼라이그라스 100％ 단일종류에 비해 20∼30％정도 늦었다. 따라서, 뗏장 재배시 여러 종류의 초종을 천편일률적으로 혼합하여 파종하는 것은 바람직하지 않으며, 컨셉에 따라 적절하게 초종 및 품종을 선택해서 사용하는 것이 필요하다. 5. 뗏장의 뿌리 형성 능력은 퍼레니얼라이그라스가 가장 좋았고, 가장 저조한 초종은 켄터키블루그라스였다. 톨훼스큐는 켄터키블루그라스와 퍼레니얼라이그라스의 중간정도로 나타났다. 혼합구의 뗏장 형성 능력은 초종의 혼합비에 따라 뿌리 형성력 차이가 다르게 나타났는데, 특히 퍼레니얼라이그라스 혼합비율이 많을수록 뿌리 형성 능력은 증가하였다. 6. 뗏장 수확시 잔디 품질은 단일 초종구의 품질이 혼합구에 비해 양호하였는데 가장 우수한 초종은 켄터키블루그라스였고, 톨훼스큐는 켄터키블루그라스 다음으로 중간정도, 그리고 퍼레니얼라이그라스는 가장 저조하였다. 켄터키블루그라스는 균일한 잔디 면, 고밀도 및 예초 후 상태가 우수한 특성으로 품질이 양호하였고, 퍼레니얼라이그라스의 품질이 저조하였던 것은 초장이 길어 잔디 면이 누운 상태로 나타나 균일도 저하 및 예초 후 품질이 켄터키블루그라스나 톨훼스큐 보다 떨어지기 때문이다. 그리고 혼합구의 품질은 여러 종류가 혼합됨으로 인해 색상 및 밀도의 균일도가 떨어지고, 또한 예초 시 물결처럼 불균일하게 깎여 잔디 표면이 불량하였기 때문이었다. 7. 골프장이나 경기장 기본 설계 시 초기 피복도 및 뿌리 형성력이 양호한 특성만을 고려해서 퍼레니얼라이그라스위주로 결정하여 시공하는 경우가 많이 있는데, 우수한 잔디 품질을 원할 경우 퍼레니얼라이그라스보다는 켄터키블루그라스 위주의 파종이 더 적절하다고 사료되었다. 왜냐하면 조성 후 품질, 뿌리생육 및 환경 적응성 등을 종합적으로 고려한 잔디 적응력은 켄터키블루그라스가 가장 양호하기 때문이다. 따라서, 골프장이나 경기장 건설 시 초종 선택은 기후, 지형, 인프라, 식생 지반, 장비, 관리 수준, 관리예산 및 기술인력 등의 현장 분석 및 조성 후 잔디품질의 기대수준, 잔디사용정도 및 운영방향 등의 장기적인 컨셉에 따라 결정하는 것이 바람직하다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.919-928
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• 2011

The pig exhibits true epitheliochorial placentation, where the fetal membrane maintains attachment throughout pregnancy but does not invade into the maternal uterine endometrium. Accordingly, the expression and function of cell adhesion molecules are very important for embryo implantation and the establishment of pregnancy. In our recent microarray analysis, we found that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) was expressed in the uterine endometrium during pregnancy in pigs. To better understand the roles of ALCAM in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, we examined ALCAM expression in the uterine endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in pigs. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that ALCAM was differentially expressed in the uterine endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy, with the highest levels on D12 of pregnancy. ALCAM mRNA was localized to the luminal and glandular epithelial cells and to the trophectoderm of conceptuses during early pregnancy. The steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone had no effect on ALCAM expression in an endometrial explant culture study. Further, we found that ALCAM expression in the uterine endometrium from gilts with somatic cell nuclear transfer-derived embryos was not different from that in gilts with embryos from natural mating. ALCAM was expressed in a pregnancy stage- and cell type-specific manner in the uterine endometrium and conceptuses during pregnancy. These findings suggest that ALCAM may play a role in the establishment of pregnancy. Further analysis of ALCAM will provide insight into the implantation process and establishment of pregnancy in pigs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.719-727
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• 2011

Botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum, which produces seven (A-G) antigenically diverse neurotoxins (BoNTs). BoNTs are the most poisonous substances known to humans, with a median lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) of approximately 1 ng/kg of body weight. Owing to their extreme potency and lethality, they have the potential to be used as a bioterrorism agent. The mouse bioassay is the gold standard for the detection of botulinum neurotoxins; however, it requires at least 3-4 days for completion. Attempts have been made to develop an ELISA-based detection system, which is potentially an easier and more rapid method of botulinum neurotoxin detection. The present study was designed using a synthetic gene approach. The synthetic gene encoding the catalytic domain of BoNT serotype B from amino acids 1-450 was constructed with PCR overlapping primers (BoNT/B LC), cloned in a pQE30 UA vector, and expressed in an E. coli M15 host system. Recombinant protein production was optimized at 0.5 mM IPTG final concentration, 4 h post induction, resulting in a maximum yield of recombinant proteins. The immunogenic nature of the recombinant BoNT/B LC protein was evaluated by ELISA. Antibodies were raised in BALB/c mice using various adjuvants. A significant rise in antibody titer (p<0.05) was observed in the Alum group, followed by the Titermax Classic group, Freund's adjuvant, and the Titermax Gold group. These developed high-titer antibodies may prove useful for the detection of botulinum neurotoxins in food and clinical samples.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2005

Purpose: This paper is a basic study aiming the establishment of Health theory according to korean culture. Especially planned to reveal the types of recognition on concepts of health in korean elderly. Methods: This study is using the Q-method, to collect rightly the concepts of objects in health. Results: This analysis shows us the 4 independent types of recognition about concepts of health in korean elderly as follows. Type Ⅰ: traditional & accommodational type, They positively agree to the concepts of health immanent in Shamanism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism and folk customs. Type Ⅱ: modern & depedent type, They not only interpret concepts of health scientifically and modernly, but also positively accept the concepts of health in oriental medicine. Type Ⅲ: western medical & self-leading type, They interpret concepts of health scientifically and western-medically. Type Ⅳ: naturalistic & self-reliance type. They consider positively searching for well-being as health rather than simply situation devoid of diseases. Conclusions: All 4 types we can see that the fundamental concepts of health in korean elderly are complicated not only with mere western-medical concept of health, but also with concepts of health in oriental medicine, Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Shamanism which represent the oriental view of world.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2014

Multi water-loop system is the efficient customer centered facilities of water supply by utilizing the multi water resources. Multi water-loop system is divided into various types. The system is classified potable and non-potable type. Mostly, the potable type utilizes surface water and ground water. However, the non-potable type utilize the multi water resources, such as rain water, sea water, reclaimed water, etc. Selective intake is possible when characteristics of region, physiographic condition and purpose of use are considered. For instance, downtown type, new-city type, agriculture type, island type are available. For development and application of these multi water-loop system, standardization is needed. For standardization, several methods are given; design principles, selection and composition method of multi water-loop system structure, BIM/GIS application method, safety inspection method. Consequently, a road map of design standardization method can be established. In this road map, there are three parts for the standardization of multi water-loop system. Three parts are the considerations, base material and ways of standardization. Design standardization become close when this road map followed by someone who plan the multi water-loop system. In this way, loop system's development is more efficient and economic. In hereafter research, each type's characteristic will be analysed and standardization methods can be established.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.677-686
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• 2019

This study helps out-size consumers purchase ready-made clothes and improve fitness by classifying the lower bodies of abdomen-obese adult males in their 20s and older; in addition, it creates a size system based on each size interval of obesity type. The criteria for the 559 male subjects surveyed in this study were over $25kg/m^2$ of BMI, over 90 cm of waist, and over 0.85 waist hip ratio. The results are as follows. First, the higher the age group, the higher the degree of abdominal obesity in each age group. The degree of obesity then decreases somewhat as their age increases; however, the risk of abdominal obesity also increases. Second, 3 clusters were categorized by cluster analysis, into abdominal obesity, larger oval-type, trapezoid-type and small cylinder-type. Third, the size system establishment according to lower-body types resulted in basic body sizes and reference body sizes being different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names in the sections of respective types. The above research findings show it is necessary to understand obesity types according to waist and hip sizes that represent basic sizes and to design patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when lower-half body clothes are designed among obesity groups.