• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to suggest an effective method of daily life movement training for stroke patients by comparison and analysis of the biomechanic characteristics of sitting up from a lying posture in stroke patients and healthy elderly participants. Methods: Fifteen stroke patients and 15 age-matched elderly participants were included in the study. The movement of sitting up from a lying posture was divided into three stages, and the differences in muscle activity in the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and rectus femoris (RF) during the movement were analyzed. Results: Subjects in the experimental group showed slower speed than those in the control group. In the neck joint, the change of angle in movement showed a larger decrease at all stages in the experimental group than in the control group; the movement also decreased in stages I and II in the upper trunk joint. The movement also showed a statistically significant decrease in stage II in the lower trunk, pelvic, and hip joints. The SCM showed higher activity in the control group than in the experimental group, showing a statistically significant difference; the RA showed high activity in the experimental group. The RF showed higher activity in the control group than in the experimental group, showing a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: From the results obtained above, increasing movements in the neck, pelvic, and hip joints and strengthening of lower body muscles are required in order to improve the ability for getting up from a lying posture in stroke patients.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.49-57
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• 2001

In this paper, equivalent circuit model and novel model parameter extraction method of a silicon(Si) substrate are presented. Substrate coupling through Si-substrate is quantitatively investigated by analyzing equivalent circuit with operating frequency and characteristic frequencies (i.e., pole and zero frequency) of a system. For the experimental verification of the equivalent circuit and parameter extraction method, test patterns are designed and fabricated in standard CMOS technology with various isolation distances, substrate resistivity, and guard-ring structures. Then, these are measured in l00MHz-20GHz frequency range by using vector network analyzer. It is shown that the equivalent-circuit-based HSPICE simulation results using extracted parameters have excellent agreement with the experimental results. Thus, the proposed equivalent circuit and parameter extraction methodology can be usefully employed in mixed-signal circuit design and verification of a circuit performance.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.73-84
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• 2009

The treatment of cleft lip and palate must be based on a complete knowledge of the anatomy, physiology and growth of the involved deformity, because of not only the appearance but also impaired functions such as phonation, mastication, respiration and lingual posture of the maxillomandibular complex. Delaire has long studied all these aspects, and has published many numbers of articles and constructed a philosophy concerning the significance and interrelationship of the various structures. The results obtained from its application seem to be particularly valid from a clinical point of view, although it has not all been scientifically supported by experimental data. For these reasons, Delaire's primary unilateral and bilateral cheilorhinoplasty procedures are particulary good, as is his secondary gingivoalveoloplsty procedure during the course of the surgical repair of the hard palate. In order to understand Delaire's philosophy, it is necessary to consider the normal and pathologic anatomy of the structures involved in the deformity, the role of some structures, such as nasal septum, musculature, and tongue, and some functions, such as dental occlusion or nasal respiration, which play important roles in maxillary and particularly premaxillary growth. Despite of important concept and meanings, Delaire's philosophy has not been introduced widely to our Korean cleft surgeons yet. So authors will summarize the basic concepts of Delaire's philosophy according to already published literatures and lectures based on our previous treatment outcomes.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.281-284
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• 2007

Recently, we have developed p-i-n a-Si:H single junction thin film solar cells with RF (13.56MHz) plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system, and also successfully fabricated the mini modules ($>300cm^2$), using the laser patterning technique to form an integrated series connection. The efficiency of a mini module was 7.4% ($Area=305cm^2$, Isc=0.25A, Voc=14.74V, FF=62%). To fabricate large area modules, it is important to optimise the integrated series connection, without damaging the cell. We have newly installed the laser patterning equipment that consists of two different lasers, $SHG-YVO_4$ (${\lambda}=0.532{\mu}m$) and YAG (${\lambda}=1.064{\mu}m$). The mini-modules are formed through several scribed lines such as pattern-l (front TCO), pattern-2 (PV layers) and pattern-3 (BR/back contact). However, in the case of pattern-3, a high-energy part of laser shot damaged the textured surface of the front TCO, so that the resistance between the each cells decreases due to an incomplete isolation. In this study, the re-deposition of SnOx from the front TCO, Zn (BR layer) and Al (back contact) on the sidewalls of pattern-3 scribed lines was observed. Moreover, re-crystallization of a-Si:H layers due to thermal damage by laser patterning was evaluated. These cause an increase of a leakage current, result in a low efficiency of module. To optimize a-Si:H single junction thin film modules, a laser beam profile was changed, and its effect on isolation of scribed lines is discussed in this paper.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.1 s.343
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• pp.9-18
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• 2006

This paper presents a Monte-Carlo based method to obtain a probability of interference in the 900MHz passive RFID systems. We show an efficient algorithm to calculate not only in-band interference due to unwanted emission of interfering sources for a given emission mask, but out-of-band interference, which depends on the blocking performances of a victim receiver filter. We next apply the proposed method to two types of RFID systems, one is to use simple FHSS and the other to adopt a hybrid use of FHSS and LBT, which senses the channel before transmission. Simulation is first performed with a SEAMCAT. We next make simulation with a MATLAB software which implements SEAMCAT algorithm and show both results from two softwares are similar.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.36C no.4
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• pp.65-77
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• 1999

There are two problems which will be processed to graft a continuous speech recognition results into natural language processing technique. First, the speaking's unit isn't consistent with text's spacing unit. Second, when it is to be pronounced the phonological alternation phenomena occur inside morphemes or among morphemes. In this paper, we implement the postprocessing system of a continuous speech recognition that above all, solve two problems using the eo-jeol generator and syllable recoveror and morphologically analyze the generated results and then correct the failed results through the corrector. Our system experiments with two kinds of speech corpus, i.e., a primary school text book and editorial corpus. The successful percentage of the former is 93.72%, that of the latter is 92.26%. As results of experiment, we verified that our system is stable regardless the sorts of corpus.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1994.07b
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• pp.1229-1232
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to research and develop solid polymer electrolyte(SPE) for Li secondary battery. This paper describes the effects of lithium salts, plasticizer addition and temperature dependence of conductivity of PEO electrolytes. Polyethylene oxide(PEO) based polymer electrolyte films were prepared by solution casting an acetonitrile solution of preweighed PEO and Li salt. After solvent evaporation, the electrolyte films were vacuum-dried at $60^{\circ}C$ for 48h, the thickness of the films were $90{\sim}110{\mu}m$. The conductivity properties of prepared PEO electrolytes are summarized as follows. PEO electrolyte complexed with $LiClO_4$ shows the better conductivity of the others. $PEO-LiClO_4$ electrolyte when $EO/Li^+$ ratio is 8, showed the best conductivity. Optimum operating temperature of PEO electrolyte is $60^{\circ}C$. By adding propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate to $PEO-LiClO_4$ electrolyte, its conductivity was higher than $PEO-LiClO_4$ without those. Also $PEO_8LiClO_4$ electrolyte remains static up to 4.5V vs. $Li/Li^+$.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2002

Including RF Package inductance, substrate coupling through conductive silicon(Si)-substrate is modeled and quantitatively characterized. 2-port substrate coupling model is extended for the characterization of multi-port substrate coupling between digital circuit block and analog/RF circuit block. Furthermore, scalable parameter extraction model is developed. Multi-port substrate coupling can be investigated by linearly superposing a frequency-dependent 2-port substrate coupling model using scalable parameters. In addition, Substrate coupling including RF package inductance effect is quantitatively investigated. It is shown that package effect increases substrate coupling and shifts a characteristic frequencies(i.e., poles) to the higher frequency range. The proposed methodology can be efficiently used to the mixed-signal circuit performance verification.

• Composites Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.171-176
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• 2019

In this paper, the strength of the composite securement device was characterised by FE analysis. Preliminary frontal crash analysis for the vehicle, equipped with the conventional steel securement device, was carried out according to the ISO 10542 for special transportation to obtain loading data, which were applied to securement device during crash. The securement device consists of block, guide and rail and the weight fraction of rail was the highest among them, therefore, it is desirable to reduce weight of rail by applying carbon/epoxy composite. Also, it was found that 27% of lightweight effect was obtained by hybrid rail that bottom part was replaced by a composite compared to the conventional rail, i.e., made of SAPH 440, without sacrificing the structural strength.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.260-266
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• 2019

Objectives: Dental implants shorter than 8 mm, called short dental implants (SDIs), have been considered to have a lower success rate than standard length implants. But recent studies have shown that SDIs have a comparable success rate, and implant diameter was more important for implant survival than implant length. Also, SDIs have many advantages, such as no need for sinus lifting or vertical bone grafting, which may limit use in medically compromised patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, 33 patients with 47 implants 7-mm long were examined over the last four years. All patients had special medical history and were categorized into 3 groups: systemic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus (controlled or uncontrolled), mental disability, and uncontrolled hypertension; oral cancer ablation with reconstruction, with or without radiotherapy; diverse osteomyelitis, such as osteoradionecrosis and bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Most of these patients have insufficient residual bone quality due to mandible atrophy or sinus pneumatization. Results: The implant diameters were 4.0 (n=38), 4.5 (n=8), and 5.0 mm (n=1). Among the 47 implants placed, 2 implants failed before the last followup. The survival rate of 7-mm SDIs was 95.74% from stage I surgery to the last follow-up. Survival rates did not differ according to implant diameter. The mean marginal bone loss (MBL) at 3 months, 1 and 2 years was significantly higher than at implant installation, and the MBL at 1 year was also significantly higher than at 3 months. MBL at 1 and 2 years did not differ significantly. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, the results indicate that SDIs provide a reliable treatment, especially for medically compromised patients, to avoid sinus lifting or vertical bone grafting. Further, long-term follow-up is needed.