• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.961-967
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• 2012

There have been many studies about efficiency of amendments for heavy metal stabilization through chemical assessment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of several soil amendments (lime, agric-lime, dolomite, steel slag, fly ash and acid mine drainage sludge) on heavy metals stabilization through not only chemical but also biological assessments (phytotoxicity test) in abandoned mining area soil. In order to achieve the goal, we conducted preliminary screening experiment targeting 12 types of crop plants such as radish, young radish, chinese cabbage, winter grown cabbage, cabbage, bok choy, chicory, crown daisy, carrot, chives, spinach, and spring onion. The results of inhibition rates of early plant growth in metal-contaminated soil against non-contaminated soil and the correlations between inhibitions items showed that the bok choy was appropriate specie with respect to confirm the effect of several amendments. Several amendment treatments on contaminated soil brought about the changes in the root and shoot elongation of bok choy after 1 week. Agric-lime, dolomite and steel slag treatments showed the great efficiency of reducing on mobility of heavy metals using chemical assessment. But in contrary, these treatments resulted in the reduction of root and shoot elongation and only AMD sludge increased that of elongation, significantly. When considering both chemical and biological assessments, AMD sludge could be recommended the compatible amendment for target contaminated soil. In conclusion, biological assessment was also important aspect of decision of successful soil remediation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.187-200
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• 2020

Despite the eco-friendly route plan, road slopes were collapsed due to road construction, resulting in human and property damage. To solve this problem, the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs established guidelines in 2009 to conduct a test-bed for slope recording considering the conditions of the site and the ecological environment, and divided them into recording quality and economic evaluation. The following results were obtained by analyzing 183 construction methods of cut-soil sections at 60 sites from 2012 to 2018 for road slope afforestation research. Straw net+seedspray, vegetation media spray method 1T, 3T were used the most, and vegetation media spray method 3T(patent) was excellent in quality, and straw net+seedspray was excellent in economics. As a result of analyzing the market unit price and the construction unit price, vegetation media spray method submitted the construction unit price at up to 60% lower than the market unit price. As a result of the analysis of the key factors of the greening method evaluation, the economic assessment had the greatest influence on all evaluation items. Problems in the evaluation method of revegetation were first identified as problems in the allocation of points and secondly as problems in the evaluation criteria. As for the improvement of the economic assessment criteria, the method was proposed to evaluate the same method based on market unit price when the same method was constructed, and not to conduct an economic assessment if there was a difference in market unit price between methods, or to add weight to the scores. Based on the monitoring data of 60 road slopes, this study drew up problems and improvement measures. However, with regard to scoring, research on appropriate scoring is needed by examining the current status.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2010

In order to assess the effect of pollution on marine ecosystem, we examined the plankton health assessment at 16 stations during summer season in Jinhae Bay. The organic and inorganic pollutant sources (dissolved organic carbon; DOC, chemical oxygen demand; COD and Chlorophyll a; Chl.a), including planktonic orangism such as enterobacteria Escherichia coli, heterotrophic bacteria (HB), autotrophic nano-flagellates (ANF), heterotrophic nano flagellates (HNF), ciliate and harmful algal bloom species (HABs) were used to characterize marine ecosystem health assessment. Of these, we tentatively selected those items Chl.a, HABs, HB and E. coli for plankton health index (PHI). Also, the scoring criteria for each metric were based on a statistical analysis and then, the grades are rated on four levels. As a result, the ecological assessment of these data reveals that PHI in Jinhae Bay is rated as "Good or fair" for overall conditions. The present study suggests that the PHI might be considered as one of important management tool to assess marine ecosystem health of Jinhae Bay.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.99-130
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• 2015

This study was conducted to develop and propose the evaluation indicators to evaluate the eco-friendliness of the library, when certified as the eco-friendly Green Libraries. To do this, we extracted the green library components through an analysis of the green library literatures and case studies, and surveyed the perceptions of the library staffs about the assessment factors. Finally, we developed the green library evaluation index with 11 evaluation areas, 31 evaluation items, and 135 evaluation indicators. The 11 evaluation areas are as follows; Land use and transportation, energy and environmental protection, materials and resources, water cycle management, maintenance management, ecological environment, the indoor environment, the library resources, the eco-education programs and campaigns, the staff and operations, and the computerization.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.430-440
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• 2020

The application contents, process, and its limitations are discussed for the setting of Korean legal guides & criteria for water cycle and ecological condition in development project of land use by thorough comparison and examination of prerequisites and credits of water cycle and soil+vegetation by USA's SITES (Sustainable Sites Initiative). In the case of SITES, due to the implementation procedure operated as a non-governmental independent assessment system by Green Business Certification, Inc, the natural condition of water cycle and soil-vegetation items-the key element of ecosystem services can be quantitatively assessed, well along with its legal and institutional guidelines and regulations. On the other hand, in the case of Korea, as a part of the national certification procedure for green building, the ecological area ratio system still have very limited role as an only amenity resource in the creation of artificial green spaces and insufficiency of management system for rain water. In conclusion, it was understood as an urgent situation in necessary for prompt establishment of site's sustainability certification system at the national level, based on management of water circulation and natural soil & vegetation in developed area with consideration of various land uses and types of development projects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.70-83
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• 2022

This study aims to select evaluation items that can be used in planning park creation to evaluate the proposal to solve the environmental and social problems in promoting private-initiated park development projects. To this end, evaluation items that can consider various aspects of the development project were selected, and the indicators' validity and appropriateness were carried out through an expert Focus Group Interview (FGI). Firstly, an expert FGI was performed for six major categories and 50 evaluation items derived from literature reviews and brainstorming. As a result, five major and 27 middle category items were selected. Based on the derived major and middle classification items, 95 detailed items were selected. Secondly, 55 sub-items were derived through a suitability questionnaire. As a result of the suitability survey, the average scores of the subcategories for the major categories of natural environment, function of parks, and use of land were relatively high. The average scores for environmental index items such as ecology/vegetation, topography and slope, landscape, park service, wildlife, wide-area ecosystem, and park items were high in the middle classification. The average score of indicators in the natural environment was relatively high, and the average score in the function of parks also soared. In the environmental impact assessment, the occurrence of plan change issues, including the reappraisal of the location, led to unclear detailed evaluation factors for the faithfulness of the plan and the appropriateness of the plan direction. This study is significant in that it is a study on the selection of evaluation items that can minimize the problem of plan alteration and achieve objective evaluation when promoting development projects. This study could be used to forward development projects in the future and evaluate long-term unexecuted urban parks.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.169-180
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• 2014

Since Seoul city supplied 'Sangsang Children's Park', domestic children's parks are changing from formal facilities to creative play space recently. From eco-friendly safe playground model development project, the awareness of eco-friendly playground, namely children's park is increasing and its necessity is magnified. However, we could not know how well most children's parks aimed at the eco-friendly playground reflect eco-friendly features and whether they are eco-friendly or not because there are not the specific planning guidelines and evaluation standards for making the eco-friendly playground or children's park. Therefore, in this study we established the environment-friendliness evaluation standards of children's parks and estimated the environment-friendly features of the 9 parks built on the subject of green among Sangsang Children's Parks. In the observational survey of the 9 parks, we evaluated the environment-friendliness of these parks in the 8 fields(location and placement, ecological environment, play space, play equipment and facilities, additional facilities, materials and resources, energy saving, environmental load reduction) according to the levels(suitable, partial reflection, unsuitable, non-reflection) of reflection of eco-friendly planning factors. The assessment results showed that 4 items (location and placement, additional facilities, play space, play equipment and facilities) were suitable and others (energy saving, environmental load reduction, ecological environment, materials and resources) were partial reflection or unsuitable. Therefore, on the basis of these results, this study proposed the planning indicators to be considered first and the planning factors that should be complemented and improved in the construction of eco-friendly children's park in future.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-55
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• 2014

Purpose: AIn recent years, the rapid progress of aging and the increase in the elderly people with dementia is becoming a big social issue. Therefore, this paper studies the development of therapeutic environmental rating scales for the elderly people with dementia in korean nursing homes. Methods: We identify the development process and structure of TESS-NH and understand the details of its nature and features. Then, based on the detailed items, we provide major scale factors which do influence on therapeutic environmental rating scales using PCA. Results: In the results, TESS, in the case of the initial stage of TESS-NH, has an advantage to evaluate on physical environments for a short period of time. TESS-2 + sets a large rage of activities of the elderly people with dementia, and tries to evaluate ongoing cares. TESS-NH has a complete set of well-thought-out assessment features for improving quality of care (Quality of Care) On the other hand, the main factors affecting the therapeutic environmental rating scales in nursing homes are "a consideration for facility management (Care for facilities' maintenance)", "a consideration for spatial cognition (Care for spatial cognition) ", and "a consideration for the safety (Care for safety)". Implications: In the future, to develop the therapeutic environmental rating scales on Korea's dementia nursing home, we should actively consider cares of spaces and facility utilization which the residents (the elderly people with dementia) are more secure and comfortable.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.777-793
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic reference for appropriate ecological park planning through investigation and analysis of inviting environment of Suncheon Bay Ecological Park within the framework of 'universal design'. For this, investigating items were selected through literature reviews and legal standard of ecological park suggested by laws. Field survey on Suncheon Bay Ecological Park was conducted, The results suggesting analytical and practical implications are as follows. First, guided handles of any facilities were not equipped, so urgent supplementation is needed with legal standard of universal design. Especially, detailed criterion of universal design focusing on visitors' convenience should be reflected. Second, all facilities for the blind were not equipped and the floor height of entrance was also unsuitable. It implies that the disabled and the senior are restrained from doing independent activity, therefore, appropriate standard focusing on 'universal design' for the wide open activity space such as the park area should be re-provided. Finally, guidelines for applicable universal design of the activity space for the experience on the ecological park should be re-established.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.23-32
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• 2007

In Korea, a regulation of visual impact evaluation on development plan in natural environment is provided at the Natural Environment Conservation Act, but it was difficult to obtained the effectiveness enough to conserve natural landscape. So, the visual impact review on development plan is introduced to the act, through the revision of the Natural Environment Conservation Act in 2005. The basic directions of visual impact review are preservation, restoration, view protection, and harmony. The items of review are as follows; (1) development alternations for the provided plan, (2) executive reduction plan of visual impacts including consideration of growth of plants, (3) deliberation process between persons or parties concerned, etc. For rapid settlement of visual impact review system, it needs that the validity, the reliability, and the objectivity should be confirmed through steady research about reasonable guidance of review.