• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.336-341
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• 2024

In this study, the economic and environmental feasibility of seaweed by-products as livestock feed ingredients was evaluated. In the last three years (2021-2023), the estimated average annual production of domestic seaweed by-products, including processing residuals from sea mustard and kelp, was 210,000 tons. The economic feasibility analysis of using seaweed by-products as livestock feed indicated a net benefit of 482,237 KRW per ton. Additionally, substituting seaweed by-products at 0.25% 0.5%, 1%, and 2% in livestock compound feed generated net benefits of 6.5, 12.9, 25.9, and 51.7 billion KRW, respectively. The potential market value was analyzed from an environmental perspective by examining the greenhouse gas reduction potential of seaweed additives. By adding 2% laver, 2% sea mustard, and 0.25% sea mustard sporophyll to the feed, greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by economic values estimated at 10.8, 11.4, and 15.6 billion KRW, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that the use of seaweed by-products livestock as feed ingredients can generate economic and environmental benefits.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.225-235
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• 2021

To attain the long-term benefits of forest restoration in North Korea, it is important to present the economic value of reforestation. This study as aimed to evaluate the economic value based on cost-benefit analysis from the ecosystem services perspective. The benefits of reforestation were classified into ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water supply, soil erosion control, and disaster risk reduction, and were converted into economic values to calculate comprehensive benefits. In the forest restoration scenario, an "independent forest restoration scenario (IFS)" and a "cooperation-based forest restoration scenario (CFS)" were composed in consideration of recent afforestation performance and forest policy, and the difference in the quantity of afforestation was derived as a scenario despite the same restoration period. In the IFS, it is estimated that over the next two decades, 800 thousand ha of the forest will be restored at a cost of KRW 3,829 billion, resulting in a benefit of KRW 6.87 trillion. The present benefit net value is KRW 3,39 trillion. In the CFS, it is estimated that the benefits of KRW 18,890 billion will be generated by restoring 2.2 million ha of the forest at a cost of KRW 10,053 billion. The present benefit net value is KRW 8,359 billion. In both scenarios, BCR had an economic feasibility value greater than 1, but there was a big difference in the expected benefits. In conclusion, forest restoration can have higher benefits than cost, and its value could be enhanced through forest cooperation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2024

Wastewater management is increasingly emphasizing economic and environmental sustainability. Traditional methods in sewage treatment plants have significant implications for the environment and the economy due to power and chemical consumption, and sludge generation. To address these challenges, a study was conducted to develop the Intermittent Cycle Extended Aeration System (ICEAS). This approach was implemented as the primary technique in a full-scale wastewater treatment facility, utilizing key operational factors within the standard Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) process. The optimal operational approach, identified in this study, was put into practice at the research facility from January 2020 to December 2022. By implementing management strategies within the biological reactor, it was shown that maintaining and reducing chemical quantities, sludge generation, power consumption, and related costs could yield economic benefits. Moreover, adapting operations to influent characteristics and seasonal conditions allowed for efficient blower operation, reducing unnecessary electricity consumption and ensuring proper dissolved oxygen levels. Despite annual increases in influent flow rate and concentration, this study demonstrated the ability to maintain and reduce sludge production, electricity consumption, and chemical usage. Additionally, systematic responses to emergencies and abnormal situations significantly contributed to economic, technical, and environmental benefits.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-61
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• 2018

This study made an economic evaluation of duck using Houttuynia cordata (H. cordata) powder as feed additives after 6 weeks. A total of 300 ducks (Pekins) were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments (0%, 0.5% and 1% H. cordata powder), with 5 replicates of 20 ducks each. After 6-week feeding trial, an economic improvement in all the treatments was found in following order: T2 (1% H. cordata powder) > T1 (0.5% H. cordata powder) > control. The results suggested that the addition of H. cordata powder to duck diets provided significantly greater economic benefits, indicating sustainable environmental management of the duck industry.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.85-90
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• 2019

Purpose - In China, electric vehicle industry has been increased attention as a environmental friendly transportation to solve pollution problems, and still growing to solve a technological gap issues in automobile industry. Although the interest of electric vehicle is getting bigger, there are not many studies that showing consumers' intention to purchase an electric vehicle. Because of this phenomenon, this study tried to find the factors which can affect the purchase intention of electric vehicle. Research design, data, and methodology - Drawing on the Planned Behavior Theory(TPB), this study examined attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm of environmental protection, and the influence of economic benefits on purchase intention through survey. we measure 233 Chinese samples. Results - The results showed that attitude toward electric vehicles, subjective norms of environmental protection, and economic benefits had a significant effect on purchase intention. To be specific, the consciousness of environmental protection, economic considerations, product image and its characteristic are all considerable aspects from the standpoint of Chinese consumers. In addition, we found that the higher the age group, the weaker relationship between attitude toward electric vehicle and purchase intention. Conclusion - This study suggests that diverse factors related to the purchase intention of electric car in China market and Chinese consumers. Especially, economic benefit factors, which have a statistically significant and significant influence on the purchase intention of electric vehicles, are not significant variables in the existing electric vehicle research. This result is considered to be the result of the fact that the electric vehicle is not only an automobile having an environmentally friendly factor but also a product which makes it consider the economic situation. Put together, the results of this paper give us the theoretical basis for establishing an electric vehicle marketing strategy in the rapidly changing Chinese market. Also, this paper will provide new ventures for marketing and distribution strategies for Korean companies that are looking to expand into China.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic value of installing public Energy storage system (ESS) facilities using a logit regression analysis and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). We focused mainly on the environmental benefits of ESS and analyzed how the users' attitude toward environmental protection and knowledge of renewable energy affect their Willingness to pay (WTP) Methods: A single-bounded dichotomous choice (SBDC) survey was used to collect the data. We asked participants whether they are willing to pay a randomly presented cost (KRW 100, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 5000, 10000) along with their attitude to toward environmental protection, knowledge of renewable energy, and perceived cost of electric bill. 417 valid samples were collected and used for the analysis. Results: The results of the logit regression show that the initial bid, attitude toward environmental protection, knowledge of renewable energy, and perceived cost of electric bill significantly affect the user's WTP of public ESS facilities. The CVM results show that users are willing to pay KRW 5,049.1/month to install ESS facilities. Conclusion: : According to results, we conclude that the users agree with the need to install ESSs and that environmental benefits of ESSs are important factors for ESS adoption. Therefore, policy makers need to emphasize environmental aspects to install the ESS facilities.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 1999

Emergy concept was used to evaluate the contributions of a dam construction to the real wealth of our economy. A dam that is proposed as a multi-purpose dam was used to illustrate emergy evaluation methodology. Models for emergy evaluation were constructed with energy systems language, a symbolic modeling language which presents network properties of systems holistically. Water supply was the most important contribution in terms of emergy, which reflects that the dam is proposed for stable water supply to a local region. Generation of electricity was the second in emergy benefits of the dam. Emergy costs were more evenly distributed among the costs which would occur as a result of the dam construction. Emergy yield ratio was 1.30 if sediments are not included, and 1.15 if sediments are included, which results in net yield in both cases. The ratio would, however, fall below 1.0 if rare species within the system boundary are lost as a result of the dam construction because of the high emergy value included in biotic species, which means that emergy costs will be greater than emergy benefits. This study illustrated a new methodology in environmental impact assessment to better manage our environments in an age of diminishing resources.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

This study suggests a method for calculating the benefits of water pipe renewal based on an estimate of the water supply suspension risk. The proposed method based on five benefit items is more direct and specific than other benefit estimation methods. In addition, a methodology evaluating the economics of pipe renewal based on pipe failure rate is proposed for estimating the optimal renewal point from an economic perspective. By estimating the optimal renewal period based on a yearly benefit cost ratio per pipe in a case study area, it was possible to draft an optimal renewal plan for the subject region from an economic perspective. Compared with other methodologies, a reasonable optimal renewal period was derived from an economic point of view. The result of this study may be used to develop future water pipe renewal plans. Moreover, the proposed methodologies and results derived from this study can be applied to asset management plans.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2014

In Korea, there are 1,474 thousand pumping wells nationwide which account for about 12% of total water use in 2012. As much as 39 hundred million tons of groundwater were used while 333 hundred million tons of total water were supplied in 2012. Because the water management authority projects that water demand will exceed supply by 2021, the authority is planning to extensively expand groundwater use in accordance with economic feasibility. Using the basic frameworks of cost-benefit analyses of the World Bank and the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), the objective of this study is to examine the costs and benefits of the expansion of Korea's groundwater extraction through pumping wells. We conclude that the BC ratio of the groundwater pumping wells is 2.98. This signifies that the benefits are 2.98 times higher than the costs. The benefits include use and non-use values of pumping wells while the costs include the installation and maintenance of new wells, in addition to the restoration and pollution costs of abandoned wells, as well as fees for water quality tests, etc.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.769-771
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• 2005

Interconnection of electric power systems, as an alternative for energy cooperation under regional economic bloc, has been under extensive debate before progressing the restructure in electric power industry and rapidly expanded in many regions after 1990s. Especially, since northeast asia has strong supplementation in resource, load shape, fuel mix etc., electric power system interconnection in this region may bring considerable economic benefits. In this paper, we evaluate economic benefits from CO2 emission abatement and effectiveness on the fuel mix in Korea by the interconnection in northeast asia. For this analysis, we evaluate effects of CO2 emission abatement under various system interconnection scenarios and compare the results of fuel mix in Korean electric power system with and without transacted electricity via interstate electric power system in northeast asia.