• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2006

Dongchunghacho rice, produced by cultivating Dongchunghacho fungus on rice, could be an effective functional food because it offers added value to rice and thus increases rice consumption. However, the physiological effect of Dongchunghacho rice has not been reported yet although there is increasing consumers demand. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Dongchunghacho rice (unpolished rice cultivated with Cordyceps militaris) on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats. Forty of 8 wk-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups after a 1 week of adaptation period and fed either a normal diet (66% polished rice diet, NC), high fat (12 g/100 g)-high cholesterol (1 g/100 g) diet with 53% polished rice (HC), or high fat-high cholesterol diets supplemented with 30% of the total rice as either unpolished rice (DR) or Dongchunghacho rice (DR). After 4 weeks, rats fed the Dongchunghacho rice diet with high fat and cholesterol had dramatically lower plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations and atherogenic indexes and higher plasma HDL cholesterol levels compared with the rats consuming polished rice or unpolished rice with high fat and cholesterol diet. Dongchunghacho rice led to less total lipid and total cholesterol accumulation in liver. However, these significant reductions in plasma or hepatic lipid profiles were not closely correlated with fecal total lipid or total cholesterol excretion. The plasma concentration of total cholesterol and triglycerides were not affected by Dongchunghacho rice. This hypolipidemic effect of Dongchunghacho rice seemed to be unrelated to unpolished rice itself, because the plasma and hepatic lipid profiles of DR group were not different from that of the HC group. These results suggest that unpolished rice containing cultivated Cordyceps militaris can improve plasma and hepatic lipid profiles in rats fed with high fat-high cholesterol diet.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-40
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• 2005

This study was aimed to analyze the status of the a health education and the health behavior, and to identify the effected factors of health promotion behavior based on Green's PRECEDE Model among high school students The data was collected by interview survey with self-administration questionnaire from the selected high school students during the end of the second semester, 2001, and 1,591 students are analyzed. The statistical method of the analysing for effected factors of health promotion behavior was used the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis by SPSS package program. The results of this study are as fellows. 1. The index of the health educational contents shows the 18.14 points per 86 points, 18.96 points in girl students, 17.53 points in boy students. 2. In the index of health promotion behaviors was 84.9 points per 140 full points in all average; 61 points per 100 points. The experienced rate of smoking was $35\%$ of all students, $38.5\%$ of boy students, $30.6\%$ of girl students each. The experienced rate of drinking was $62.2\%$ of all students, $61.6\%$ of boy students, $69.4\%$ of girl students. 3. The effected factors of the health promotions behaviors to analyse by multiple linear regression model was sports activity, the degree of satisfaction of their school life, the academic records of school, the present health conditions, their awareness for hazard of smoking for their health, the experiences of the smoking, their stresses(R$^2$ =0.174). and the factors as the experiences of drinking, their stresses, and the indexes for the health education contents in their school were added in girls students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to discovered assessment items for improving athletic efficiency and management of golf courses. Through this, the study intended to provide basic data for creating competitive golf courses and management. Important assessment items were selected by inducing preliminary assessment items and conducting a preliminary survey and a main survey for specialists through a theoretical study. For the survey results studied, reliability and average value for importance were calculated using SPSS/PC Window Release 12.0. As assessment of importance by assessment area, in athletic efficiency assessment, course management level was the highest, followed by fairness of games and operation of games. In management assessment, importance of service level, information management, facility management, management of game assistants, etc. were high. As assessment of importance by assessment item, it was found that 'variety of golf shot' and 'the length of a course' were important in course layout. Also 'start interval among teams' and 'disturbance of play' were assessed as important items in game operation, while 'fair reservation' and 'rounding rotation time' were important in fairness of games. In addition, in information management, 'kind service of golf course staffs' and 'prompt reservation and notification' were found to be important assessment items. In facility management, all assessment indexes were over 4.0, which means all of them are important for quality of golf course and competitiveness. In membership service, 'appropriate price of goods for sale' and 'service for members' were relatively important assessment items. Further, in management of game assistants, 'qualifications and skillfulness of game assistants' was assessed as a very important index. Although the current study only selected important items to assess excellent golf courses, it is necessary to apply the study results to the actual sites and verify them for golf course both at domestic and abroad.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.119-132
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• 2018

This study was conducted to suggest an assessment indices to evaluate the ecosystem services of the unique functions of wetlands as well as economic value provided by the village wetlands. The assessment indicators applied in this study were used by the RAM indices. The results of RAM assessment on the village wetlands in Cheonan city were analyzed by item and critical functions of the village wetland. They were derived by assessment indicators of ecosystem services, and the village wetland ecosystem were presented by Focus Group Interview (FGI). The 20 critical indices were selected from 52 different indices by analyzing the wetland function assessment items. 13 indicators excluding duplicate indexes by function, were selected as ecological service impact indicators. Finally, ecosystem services were evaluated by using AHP analysis to calculate the weight of each assessment indices and apply it to the 9 village wetlands. The results of this study confirmed that the functions of the village wetlands are compliant with the ecosystem services. Based on this assessment of the unique functions of wetlands, it will serve as a methodology for assessing ecosystem services. The study was also conducted on 49 wetlands in Cheonan. The detailed assessment of wetland ecosystem services based on the wetland ecosystem function proposed by this study, was further developed as a follow-up study. It suggested that the wetland areas should be compared and be used as a general standard. In addition to the assessment of the economic value of ecosystem services provided by the village wetlands, it would be useful to assess the unique features and convert them into value.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.666-682
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• 2010

The forecasting system for Today's and Tomorrow's PM10 was developed based on the statistical model and the forecasting was performed at 9 AM to predict Today's 24 hour average PM10 concentration and at 5 PM to predict Tomorrow's 24 hour average PM10. The Today's forecasting model was operated based on measured air quality and meteorological data while Tomorrow's model was run by monitored data as well as the meteorological data calculated from the weather forecasting model such as MM5 (Mesoscale Meteorological Model version 5). The observed air quality data at ambient air quality monitoring stations as well as measured and forecasted meteorological data were reviewed to find the relationship with target PM10 concentrations by the regression analysis. The PM concentration, wind speed, precipitation rate, mixing height and dew-point deficit temperature were major variables to determine the level of PM10 and the wind direction at 500 hpa height was also a good indicator to identify the influence of long-range transport from other countries. The neural network, regression model, and decision tree method were used as the forecasting models to predict the class of a comprehensive air quality index and the final forecasting index was determined by the most frequent index among the three model's predicted indexes. The accuracy, false alarm rate, and probability of detection in Tomorrow's model were 72.4%, 0.0%, and 42.9% while those in Today's model were 80.8%, 12.5%, and 77.8%, respectively. The statistical model had the limitation to predict the rapid changing PM10 concentration by long-range transport from the outside of Korea and in this case the chemical transport model would be an alternative method.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.467-472
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• 2014

Obesity is known to be strongly associated with cardiovascular disease and cancer, the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and develops owing to interactions between genes and the environment. DNA methylation can act as a downstream effector of environmental signals, and analysis of this process therefore holds substantial promise for identifying mechanisms through which genetic and environmental factors jointly contribute to disease risk. Global DNA methylation of peripheral blood cells has recently been proposed as a potential biomarker for disease risk. Repetitive element DNA methylation has been shown to be associated with prominent obesity-related chronic diseases, but little is known about its relationship with weight status. In this study, we quantified the methylation of Alu elements in the peripheral blood DNA of 244 healthy women with a range of body mass indexes (BMIs) using pyrosequencing technology. Among the study participants, certain clinical laboratory parameters, including hemoglobin, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic- pyruvic transaminase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were found to be strongly associated with BMI. Moreover, a U-shaped association between BMI and Alu methylation was observed, with the lowest methylation levels occurring at BMIs of between 23 and $30kg/m^2$. However, there was no significant association between Alu methylation and age, smoking status, or alcohol consumption. Overall, we identified a differential influence of BMI on global DNA methylation in healthy Korean women, indicating that BMI-related changes in Alu methylation might play a complex role in the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this relationship.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.153-160
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• 2014

TOC environmental standard was established to understand the pollution level accurately and to improve the water quality. It was found that the relationship between COD and TOC showed a significant coefficient($R^2$=0.639) in four lakes for drinking water located in Nakdong River basin. The relationship between COD and TOC($R^2$=0.774) was higher with respect to the elevated concentration level when the data was added. Resulting in the oxidation(C) was $62{\pm}8%$ regardless of COD concentrations. It was difficult to find a significant difference by lakes. The result showed the similar organic property in study lakes. It was necessary to evaluate the level of organic matters in consideration of characteristics and utilization of lakes to use COD data wisely until TOC data be accumulated sufficiently.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.643-651
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• 2014

In this paper the reliability analyses of the cable-supported bridge design code which is recently issued in Korea are performed and the results are presented. Governing load combinations for the member design and the statistical properties of the main members are introduced and the analysis is performed using an example cable-stayed bridge for which the design is performed following the load and resistance factors defined in the design code. The reliability analysis shows the target reliability index can be achieved by applying load and resistance factors and the application of the resistance modification factor can enhance the reliability level if the importance of the bridge needs to be increased. The sensitivity analysis reveals that decreasing uncertainty of the cable strength is critical for obtaining the target reliability index. The study results show that the design using the load and resistance factors of the code can achieve the target reliability indexes for the design of cable supported bridge.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2007

The strength evaluation of rocks is a very important factor in designing and constructing tunnels or underground excavation. However, it takes a lot of time and endeavor to perform the unconfined compressive strength test for practice and a number of tests are limited. In order to make up for this method, the point load strength test is suggested. Generally, the strength of a rock differs depending on its type and region. However, as people unite the Point Load Strength Indexes of various regions and types to use in practice in many cases, they find difficulty in analogizing the exact strength. The purpose of this study is suggestion of the value in construction site by analizing the relation of both unconfined compressive and point load strength in the Gyeonggi gneiss complex.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.221-232
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• 2023

This study investigated the antioxidant effect of Hermetia illucens larvae using different extraction temperatures and solvents. We found significant differences in total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), an in three antioxidant indexes 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 1,1'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) contents, among the samples depending on the extraction temperature and solvent used. The sample extracted with water at 45℃ (HIW-45℃) showed the highest TPC, DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP contents, while the sample extracted with water at 90℃ (HIW-90℃) showed the highest TFC. These differences can be due to the different chemical structures of the extracted components. Based on these results, HIW-45℃ was the optimal extraction method for Hermetia illucens. We intend to further investigate the availability of functional materials for Hermetia illucens using this method.