• 환경영향평가
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2001

Recognizing interaction between the environment and humans, the EIA(environmental impact assessment) movement has sought to promote more environmentally sound and informed decisions for the sake of human welfare. Therefore, most EIA programs require the consideration of human health impacts. Yet relatively few EIA documents adequately address those impacts. This study was carried out to investigate the role of EIA for reuniting the environment and human health, for preventing and reducing significant health risks, and for improving human health impact assessment by means of risk assessment. Risk assessment consists of 4 components; hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment and risk characterization. Since most people spent their times in indoor, indoor air quality modelling can be used in exposure assessment and risk assessment. In this study, indoor $NO_2$ concentration and personal $NO_2$ exposure were estimated by Box Model using mass balance equation and time weighted average, respectively. The estimated indoor $NO_2$ concentration and the personal $NO_2$ exposure were compared by those measured, respectively. Subsequntly, health effect was assessed with these results. Consequently, exposure assessment and risk assessment using indoor air quality model may be considered to be applicable to EIA.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.337-348
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• 2011

Urban environmental problem became one of major issues during its urbanization processes. Environmental impacts are assessed during recent urban planning and development. Though the environmental impact assessment considers meteorological impact as a minor component, changes in wind environment during development can largely affect the distribution pattern of air temperature, humidity, and pollutants. Impact assessment of local wind is, therefore, a major element for impact assessment prior to any other meteorological impact assessment. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are utilized in various fields such as in wind field assessment during a construction of a new building and in post analysis of a fire event over a mountain. CFD models require specially formatted input data and produce specific output files, which can be analyzed using special programs. CFD's huge requirement in computing power is another hurdle in practical use. In this study, a CFD model and related software processors were automated and integrated as a microscale wind environmental impact assessment system. A supercomputer system was used to reduce the running hours of the model. Input data processor ingests development plans in CAD or GIS formatted files and produces input data files for the CFD model. Output data processor produces various analytical graphs upon user requests. The system was used in assessing the impacts of a new building near an observatory on wind fields and showed the changes by the construction visually and quantitatively. The microscale wind assessment system will evolve, of course, incorporating new improvement of the models and processors. Nevertheless the framework suggested here can be utilized as a basic system for the assessment.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.620-627
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 골판지포장재에 대하여 LCA를 수행하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 생산공정의 환경성 개선을 수행하였다. 연구범위는 원료취득단계에서부터 원단제조단계, 상자제조단계까지로 구분하여 각 단계 및 세부공정별로 LCA에 의한 환경영향을 평가하였다. 영향범주는 자원고갈, 지구온난화, 오존층고갈, 광화학산화물생성, 산성화, 부영양화, 생태독성, 인간독성의 8가지 범주로 구분하여 평가하였다. 평가결과, 전체 환경영향 중 원료취득단계에서 발생하는 영향이 약 92%로 가장 높게 차지하는 것으로 나타났으며 라이너지 제조공정에서 가장 큰 환경영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 원단제조단계와 상자제조단계의 공정에서 발생하는 환경영향은 원단제조단계의 주 공정인 single facer 및 D/W backer 공정에서 가장 높은 영향을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같이 환경영향이 나타나는 주요 원인은 전력, 중유 등의 에너지인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 포장재의 청정생산공정구축을 위하여 생산공정에 대한 진단을 수행하였다. 진단을 통하여 손모율 저감과 상자의 내압강도에 대한 개선효과를 평가하였으며, 개선 후 환경영향은 개선 전보다 약 3.8% 환경영향이 저감된 것으로 나타났다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.269-279
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• 2011

Sustainability assessments tend to integrate ecological, social, and economic concerns. Sustainability assessment could be considered the highest rung in the assessment ladder. Broad strategies that seek to integrate individual SEA(Strategic Environmental Assessment) could be subjected to a sustainability assessment. Sustainability assessment could incorporate global and transboundary effects and priorities into SEA and project-level EIA(Environmental Impact Assessment). SEA could provide an environmental context and direction for project-level EIA. Procedural and substantive EIA requirements can be addressed through tiering such as sustainability assessment, SEA, project-level EIA. In Korea, PERS(Prior Environmental Review System) that has been utilized to evaluate administrative plans related with various kinds of development projects should be evolved not only to incorporate environmental impacts into early stage decision-making, but also to implicate sustainability assessments that include social equity and economic efficiency. Integration of SEA and sustainability assessment can be initiated through the application of DPSIR (Driving Force - Pressure - State - Impact - Response ) framework that was developed by European Environmental Agency.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2021

This study discovered the effects of strategic learning and network building on a company's environmental management performance. According to the results, the environmental awareness of the company and competition threats within the industry did not significantly affect the establishment of environmental strategy, whereas the consumer's sensitivity to the environment and the environmental regulation of the government did. The environmental awareness of the company and the consumer's sensitivity to the environment were found to greatly impact a company's network building. which is closely related with the utilization of multimedia system and technology. In addition, it was found that the establishment of corporate environmental strategy had a significant effect on network building and strategic learning, but network building did not significantly affect strategic learning, indicating a difference. Finally, corporate strategic learning affected environmental management performance, suggesting an importance in accumulating strategic learning capabilities to increase environmental management performance.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.289-322
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• 2001

This paper introduces the environmental economic studies in Korea, focused especially on the environmental regulation policy and valuation of environmental resources in Korea. It can be seen from this survey that the Korean environmental economists have had most of their interests in socially hot issues such as the evaluation and alternatives of the existing environmental policy instruments, and the impacts of both the environmental regulation and greenhouse gas reduction policies, as well as economic valuation of environmental assets including air, water, and ecosystem. We need more intensive research on issues of the evaluation of individual public investment, enforcement, transaction costs and income distribution and inter-generational equity. More attention should also be paid to the valuation methods and environmental data.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2014

The capital city of Himalayan Country Nepal, Kathmandu Valley is surrounded by consecutive high mountains, which limits the air distribution and mixing effects significantly. It in turn generates steady air flow pattern over a year except in monsoon season. The air shed in the Valley is easily trapped by the surrounded mountains and the inversion layer formulated as the cap. The $PM_{10}$ concentration was noticeably higher than the standard level (120 ${\mu}g/m^3$) in urban and suburban area of Kathmandu valley for all seasons except monsoon period. The Valley area experiences similar wind patterns (W, WWS, and S) for a year but the Easterly wind prevails only during the monsoon period. There was low and calm wind blows during the winter season. Because of this air flow structure, the air emission from various sources is accumulated within the valley air, high level of air pollution is frequently recorded with other air polluted cities over the world. In this Valley area, brick kilns are recognized as the major air pollution source followed by vehicles. Mostly Bull Trench Kiln (BKT), Hoffman Kiln and Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln (VSBK) are in operation for brick firing in Kathmandu valley where the fuels such as crushed coal, saw dust, and natural gas are used for processing bricks in this study. Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts (TRACI) was used for screening and quantifying the potential impacts of air emission from firing fuels. The total Environmental Performance Score (EPS) was estimated and the EPS of coal was approximately 2.5 times higher than those of natural gas and saw dust. It is concluded that the crushed coal has more negative impact to the environment and human health than other fuel sources. Concerning the human health and environment point of view, alternative environment friendly firing fuel need to be used for brick industry in the kiln and the air pollution control devices also need to be applied for minimizing the air emissions from the kilns.

• 청정기술
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.201-213
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• 1996

본 연구는 국제적 환경인식의 변화로 이제는 사후처리단계로서 환경문제를 다루는 것이 아니라 사전에 오염을 방지하고 오염의 배출을 최대한 억제하고 자원과 에너지를 최대한 효율적으로 이용하며 오염물질을 완전히 배출하지 않도록 하는 환경관리 수단이 요구됨에 따라 사용범위를 예측하기 힘들 정도로 확대되어 가는 LCA의 필요성과 국제적 논의동향을 살펴보고 대응방안을 제시하였다. 그리고 전자혁명 시대인 현대사회의 핵심인 반도체의 국가경쟁력을 높이고 환경을 새로운 수익창출의 기회로 삼는 계기를 마련하기위해 우리나라의 현실에 적응하기 쉬운 Screening LCA를 통해 반도체의 LCA를 수행함으로써 자원소비 측면에서는 Clip kg당 요구되는 투입물과 에너지의 요구량을 정량화하였고 환경영향 측면에서는 배출물의 영향을 정량화 함으로써 반도체 제품을 생산하는데 어느정도의 비용과 에너지와 물질이 투입되며 그것이 환경에 미치는 영향을 표시할 수 있으며 그로인해 문제공정을 도출하여 공정개선의 기회를 마련할 수 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2012

본 연구는 국내의 금융 등 서비스 산업을 중심으로 IT 아웃소싱의 도입요인으로 기업요인, 아웃소싱의 범위요인, 위험요인을 독립변수로 하고 도입성과를 종속변수로 하여 도입요인이 성과요인에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, IT아웃소싱 도입에 있어서 기업요인과 관련된 산업경쟁력과 최고경영자 지원은 아웃소싱 도입성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 서비스의 기술적인 환경변화는 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, IT아웃소싱 도입에 있어서 아웃소싱 범위요인과 관련된 인프라아웃소싱, 애플리케이션 아웃소싱, 토털 아웃소싱은 아웃소싱 도입성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, IT아웃소싱 도입에 있어서 위험요인과 관련된 안전성의 위험, 비용증가의 위험, 자율성 상실의 위험은 아웃소싱 도입성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권4호
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• pp.620-629
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• 1998

본 연구는 국립공원 지정과 앞으로의 관리방향에 대한 지역주민의 태도와 환경적, 경제적, 사회문화적 관광영향에 대한 지역주민의 지각을 파악하고, 지역주민의 사회경제적 특성에 따른 관광영향 지각 차이를 검증하였다. 1997년 11월과 12월 동안 설악산 국립공원 경계 내에 거주하는 지역주민 153명의 설문자료를 수집, 분석하였다. 지역주민들은 긍정적, 부정적인 환경적, 경제적 관광영향을 모두 지각하는 한편, 사회적 관광영향에 대해서는 크게 지각하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 관광의 부정적인 영향 지각에도 불구하고 더 집중적인 편광개발을 선호하며 설악산 보전을 위한 이용자 수 제한에는 반대하는 입장을 표명하였다. 관광영향에 대한 지역주민의 지각은 연령, 학력, 직업과 관광의 관련 여부, 거주지, 거주기간 등의 사회경제적 특성에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다.