• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.149-153
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• 2007

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.41-52
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• 2022

This paper analyzes the advantages and opportunities of regional development prospects of the China (Anhui) Pilot Free Trade Zone. In addition, it provides suggestions for the future development of the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone. The establishment of the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone is a major platform for Anhui Province, China, to serve the nation's opening-up strategy to the world and an opportunity for the Anhui region to enhance the level of an open economy. The development plan points out that the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone 1) takes institutional innovation as the core, 2) complies with the requirements of the innovation-driven development and promotion of the Yangtze River Delta regional integration development strategy, and 3) plays a vital node role in promoting the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, and 4) accelerates the construction of scientific and technological innovation sources, advanced manufacturing and strategic emerging industries. The findings of this study highlight three critical achievements as follows: 1) optimization and improvement of the business environment have progressed, 2) the conversion rate of scientific and technological innovation achievements has increased, and 3) advanced high-tech manufacturing and strategic emerging industries are clustered and developed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.584-591
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• 2012

To evaluate the role of using forage, shade and shelterbelts in attracting birds into the range, three trials were undertaken with free range layers both on a research facility and on commercial farms. Each of the trials on the free range research facility in South Australia used a total of 120 laying hens (Hyline Brown). Birds were housed in an eco-shelter which had 6 internal pens of equal size with a free range area adjoining the shelter. The on-farm trials were undertaken on commercial free range layer farms in the Darling Downs in Southeast Queensland with bird numbers on farms ranging from 2,000-6,800 hens. The first research trial examined the role of shaded areas in the range; the second trial examined the role of forage and the third trial examined the influence of shelterbelts in the range. These treatments were compared to a free range area with no enrichment. Aggressive feather pecking was only observed on a few occasions in all of the trials due to the low bird numbers housed. Enriching the free range environment attracted more birds into the range. Shaded areas were used by 18% of the hens with a tendency (p = 0.07) for more hens to be in the paddock. When forage was provided in paddocks more control birds (55%) were observed in the range in morning than in the afternoon (30%) while for the forage treatments 45% of the birds were in the range both during the morning and afternoon. When shelterbelts were provided there was a significantly (p<0.05) higher % of birds in the range (43% vs. 24%) and greater numbers of birds were observed in areas further away from the poultry house. The results from the on-farm trials mirrored the research trials. Overall 3 times more hens used the shaded areas than the non shaded areas, with slightly more using the shade in the morning than in the afternoon. As the environmental temperature increased the number of birds using the outdoor shade also increased. Overall 17 times more hens used the shelterbelt areas than the control areas, with slightly more using the shelterbelts in the afternoon than in the morning. Approximately 17 times more birds used the forage areas compared to the control area in the corresponding range. There were 8 times more birds using a hay bale enriched area compared to the area with no hay bales. The use of forage sources (including hay bales) were the most successful method on-farm to attract birds into the range followed by shelterbelts and artificial shade. Free range egg farmers are encouraged to provide pasture, shaded areas and shelterbelts to attract birds into the free range.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aims to find directions to improve the barrier-free (BF) certification criteria by assessing the current BF certification system, which is used as a method to improve access to passenger facilities and as a method for universal design planning, and by comparing BF certified facilities with non-BF certified facilities. Methods: This study assesses 20 BF certified facilities and 39 non-BF certified facilities, which were constructed in 2005 and onwards. The results of the assessment are compared and analyzed based on the following three categories: railway stations, urban railway stations and bus terminals. Results: The results of the analysis show that the total scores of the BF certified facilities are higher than those of the facilities that were not BF certified, indicating that the BF certification system is effective. Implication: However, there are some criteria items showing higher scores in facilities that are not BF certified than in BF certified facilities. This suggests the need to improve the BF certification criteria.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2015

In wireless networks, cooperation is necessary for many protocols, such as routing, clock synchronization, and security. It is known that cooperator nodes suffer greatly from problems such as increasing energy consumption. Therefore, rational nodes have no incentive to cooperatively forward traffic for others. A rational node is different from a malicious node. It is a node that makes the best decision in each state (cooperate or non-cooperate). In this paper, game theory is used to analyze the cooperation between nodes. An evolutionary game has been investigated using two nodes, and their strategies have been compared to find the best one. Subsequently, two approaches, one based on a genetic algorithm (GA) and the other on learning automata (LA), are presented to incite nodes for cooperating in a noisy environment. As you will see later, the GA strategy is able to disable the effect of noise by using a big enough chromosome; however, it cannot persuade nodes to cooperate in a noisefree environment. Unlike the GA strategy, the LA strategy shows good results in a noise-free environment because it has good agreement in cooperation-based strategies in both types of environment (noise-free and noisy).

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.58-63
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• 2016

The study examined the level of heavy metal contamination by dividing military rifle shooting ranges into the three areas, i.e firing, trajectory, and target. The target area was found to be contaminated at a level higher (Cu 845 mg/kg, Pb 30,487 mg/kg) than the Worrisome Level of Soil Contamination (hereinafter referred to as the “Worrisome Level”) The trajectory area was predicted to be free from contamination, but it did indicate contamination although it was pretty much lower (Cu 23 mg/kg, Pb 99 mg/kg) than Worrisome Level. This is attributed to the contamination spread when rearranging the soil of the target area during the maintenance of the shooting range. The firing area was also predicted to be free from heavy metal contamination, but the results analyzed indicated a contamination higher (Cu 201 mg/kg, Pb 2,286 mg/kg) than Worrisome Level. This is attributed to the fragments of the broken bullet scattering due to the pressure generated as the bullet leaves the muzzle. An examination of heavy metal contamination in the discharge area as well as gutters to prevent the intrusion of rain water from perimeter revealed a high level of contamination (Cu 298 mg/kg, Pb 6,497 mg/kg), which makes it necessary to take measures.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2008

We examined 165 unchlorinated natural drinking water samples for the presence of E. coli group resistant to antimicrobial agent and chlorine in nothern Gyeongbuk area in 2007. Among 165 water samples, 21 samples(12.7%) were positive to total coliforms and Six genus, 16 strains of E. coli groups isolated from 16 samples showed resistance against more than one antimicrobial agent such as Ampicillin, Tetracycline and Chloroamphenicol. Among 16 strains, 14 strains resistant to Ampicillin, 9 strains resistant to Tetracycline and one strain resistant to Chloroampenicol. but all 16 strains did not contain any integron gene cassettes, which contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance alleles by lateral gene transfer of gene cassettes in a variety of enteric bacteria. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 14 strains which showed resistant to Ampicillin was between $12{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $32{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, Nine strains resistant to Tetracycline showed between $32{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $128{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and one strain resistant to Chloroampenicol showed $128{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The chlorine sensitivity of 16 strains isolated from unchlorinated natural water sample did not show any difference among strains by the concentration of initial free chlorine and elapsed time after chlorine treatment. All 16 strains were killed after 1hr. exposure at $0.2mg/m{\ell}$ of free chlorine per liter or 30minutes exposure at $0.4mg/m{\ell}$ of free chlorine per liter.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.371-377
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• 2012

This paper presents an experimental investigation to figure out slamming impact pressure and flow characteristics of a rectangular Marine structure($800{\times}250{\times}50mm^3$) in free fall. The flow field has been obtained by 2-frame grey level cross correlation PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) method, the impact pressure of the free fall model by a pressure acquisition system(Dewatron). The angles between a model and the free surface are adapted $10^{\circ}$ and $20^{\circ}$ respectively. Velocity field of water exit has higher better than water entry. The highest point, P2 of impact pressure under the bottom of the model has been appeared about 6 % higher values at 20 degrees than 10 degrees.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2003

We designed a new time-domain, finite-difference, elastic wave modeling technique, based on a displacement formulation. which yields nearly correct solutions to Lamb's problem. Unlike the conventional, displacement-based, finite-difference method using a node-based grid set (where both displacements and material properties such as density and Lame constants are assigned to nodal points), in our new finite-difference method, we use a cell-based grid set (where displacements are still defined at nodal points but material properties within cells). In the case of using the cell-based grid set, stress-free conditions at the free surface are naturally described by the changes in the material properties without any additional free-surface boundary condition. Through numerical tests, we confirmed that the new second-order finite differences formulated in the cell-based grid let generate numerical solutions compatible with analytic solutions unlike the old second-order finite-differences formulated in the node-based grid set.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 2010

The swept volume, the region of a moving object, is applied in many fields such as valid paths for motions of tools, visualization in robot paths and interference tests for parts assembling or disjointing. The shape of a swept volume depends on an generators computed with normal vectors of an object and velocity vectors of a motion. Although free-from surfaces are widely used to represent geometric models in CAD, computing the generators for a free-form object is a formidable task. Previous approaches exploit the closed form expressions of generators but limited to planer or quadric faces. In this paper, we propose the algorithm to compute swept volumes generated by free-form objects in screw motions. For the algorithm a tracing method is applied to the computation of generators. It considers curvatures of surfaces of an object to increase the computational accuracy. We implemented our algorithm in the CATIA V.5 environment to test the validity of our algorithm and to generate examples.