• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Technology-Based Effluent Limitations (TBELs) is a permit limits for a pollutant that is based on the capability of a treatment technology to reduce the pollutant to a certain concentration. Widely practiced for regulations of industrial wastewater in US, TBELs has been accepted as an effective means that can achieve balanced goals between complete elimination of pollutants discharge and economic feasibility for industries. The review of TBELs application in US and the applicability of TBELs to the domestic industry categories was given in three papers. In the first paper, the development and practices of TBELs in US were reviewed including case studies. The developments of TBELs in US in the four major categories, the metal products & machinery, the petroleum refining, the porcelain enameling and the meat & poultry products were reviewed. The applicability of TBELs to the domestic industrial categories was also assessed. In the second paper, the pollution loads analysis for domestic industrial wastewater was conducted based on risk assessment indicator using Toxic Weighting Factors (TWFs). This is an essential part to determine the priority of TBELs application for the domestic industrial categories. In the last paper, the application of TBELs to the domestic industries was demonstrated through a case-study for the pulp/paper/paperboard category. Direct application of TBELs of US into the Korean regulation system may not be desirable because the specific goals and the environment for the regulations for the two countries may not be identical. For example, unlike US, Korea does not adopt the individual permit system for pollution sources. However, among the unproductive and exhaustive controversies over the uniform regulations regardless of the industrial categories in Korea, the introduction of the principles of TBELs are inevitable and more extensive study for applications of TBELs optimized for Korean regulation system will be necessary.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.297-309
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• 1990

Ginseng is renowned for both its medicinal and herbal uses and successful cultivation of Panax ginseng in Asia and Panax Vtiinvtiefolilim in North America has until recently taken place in the native geographical ranges of the plants. As a consequence of the potential high capital return and anticipated increases in consumer consumption, commercial cultivation of American ginseng now occurs well outside the native range of the plant in North America. In fact, the region of greatest expansion of cultivation is in the semi-arid interior region of British Columbia, Canada. Linked with this expansion is the potential domination of the ginseng industry by agricultural corporations. In the interior of British Columbia, the native decidous forest environment of eastern North America is simulated with elevated polypropylene shade and a sllrface covering of straw mulch. The architecture of these environments is designed to permit maximillm machinery useage and to minimize labour requirements. Further, with only a four-year growth cycle, plant densities in the gardens are high. In this hot, semiarid environment, producers believe they have a competitive advantage over other regions in North America because of the low precipitation rates. This helps to minimize atmospheric humidity such that the conditions for fungal disease development are reduced. If soil moisture levels become limited, supplemental water can be provided by irrigation. The nature of the radiation and energy balance regimes of the shade and much environment promotes high soil moistilre levels. Also, the modified environment reduces soil heating. This can result in an aerial environment for the plant that is stressful and a rooting zone environment that is sub-optimal. The challenge of further refining the man modified environment for enhanced plant growth and health still remains.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1990.06a
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• pp.155-167
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• 1990

Ginseng Is renowned for both its medicinal and herbal uses and successful cultivation of Panax ginseng in Asia and Panax quinquefolium in North America has until recently taken place in the native geographical ranges of the plants. As a consequence of the potential high capital return and anticipated increases in consumer consumption, commercial cultivation of American ginseng now occurs well outside the native range of the plant in North America. In fact, the region of greatest expansion of cultivation is in the semi-arid interior region of British Columbia, Canada. Linked with this expansion is the potential domination of the ginseng industry by agricultural corporations. In the interior of British Columbia, the native deciduous forest environment of eastern North America is simulated with elevated polypropylene shade and a surface covering of straw mulch. The architecture of these environments is designed to permit maximum machinery usage and to minimize labor requirements. Further, with only a four- years growth cycle, plant densities in the gardens are high. In this hot, semi-arid environment, producers believe they have a competitive advantage over other regions in North America because of the low precipitation rates. This helps to minimize atmospheric humidity such that the conditions for fungal disease development are reduced. If soil moisture level become limited, supplemental water can be provided by irrigation. The nature of the radiation and energy balance regimes of the shade and many environments promotes high soil moisture levels. Also, the modified environment redlines soil heating. This can result in an aerial environment for the plant that is stressful and a rooting zone environment that is suloptimal. The challenge of further refining the man modified environment for enhanced plant growth and health still remains. Keywords Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, cultivation, ginseng production.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.153-165
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• 2009

This paper apollos an ant colony system (ACS) for the vehicle routing problem with time window (VRPTW). The VRPTW is a generalization of the VRP where the service of a customer can begin within the time windows defined by the earliest and latest times when the customer will permit the start of service. The ACS has been applied effectively in geographical environment such as TSP or VRP by meta-heuristic that imitate an ant's biologic special duality in route construction, 3 saving based ACS (SB-ACS) is introduced and its solution is improved by local search. Through iterative precesses, the SB-ACS is shown to drive the best solution. The algorithm has been tested on 56 Solomon benchmarking problems and compared to the best-known solutions on literature. Experimental results shows that SB-ACS algorithm could obtain food solution in total travel distance minimization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.224-228
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• 2000

In the 21st century, it may be possible to offer comprehensive service by integrating all communication media under the development of digital technology without the classification of broadcasting and communication. In addition, it will be begun to perform HDTV broadcasting by focusing on the Metropolitan area in 2001yr and will permit over 100 channels for satellite communication, thus multi-channel TV broadcasting age has come in Korea. Therefore, this study is to identify the future environment of TV broadcasting and service area in ISDB age and to present new interactive type publication satellite TV transmission system, which provides customizing type digital screen book publication by analyzing satellite broadcasting technology to create Korean cultural area around the Korean peninsula.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.372-374
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• 2006

This paper presents a methodology to predict a failure probability related to the aging generating units in Korea power system. Each generator is represented by a combined reliability model of its individual components, which is determined by failure data. The Weibull distribution is used to calculate failure probability and its parameters are obtained from Type II Censoring. Consequently, the proposed methods would likely to permit utilities to reduce overall costs in the new deregulated environment.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.845-852
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• 2001

Electronic commerce and application service is to universal on the internet, and a large quantity information transmitted on the network, It's needs procedure to access only permit objects for the integrity of information. In order to provide regional services is authentication for control resource and client identification. In particular, public key system is to implement in distributed environment, it is able to insurance users convenience and integrity at the same time. In this paper designed mechanism of cross certification between realms in PKI based on X.509 associated with DNS (Domain Name System) that is presented.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11b
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• pp.69-71
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• 2004

This paper presents a method to predict failure probability related to aging. To calculate failure probability, the Weibull distribution is used due to age-related reliability. The Weibull distribution has shape and scale parameters. Each estimated parameter is obtained from Data Analytic Method (Type II Censoring) which is relatively simpler and faster than the traditional calculation ways for estimating parameters. Also, this paper shows the calculation procedures of a probabilistic failure prediction through a stochastic data analysis. Consequently, the proposed methods would be likely to permit that the new deregulated environment forces utilities to reduce overall costs while maintaining an age-related reliability index.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.33
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• pp.27-35
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• 2002

The qualify of preschool education is related to the qualify of the physical environment, This research is aiming to develop and validate the set of scales for the measurement of physical quality of the interior spaces in child care facilities. The research has been in three major phases: (1)the development of indicative sub-scales for the description, measurement and evaluation of the physical designed quality of early childhood environments (2)two rounds of iterative phases of reliability and validity testing of the scales through expert panels and observational field-testing and (3)implications for future research to be done. 13 sub-scales were developed, which are based on Moore's 15 design principal for child care environments. And each sub-scale includes several evaluation items based upon developmental theory, existing empirical literature, and Korean, Australian and American child care standards. This set of scales will (1)aid research on the effects of environmental variables on quality of child care facilities for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers; (2)permit evaluation of such environments to identify areas of needed improvement; and (3)provide information for policy makers, parents, administrators, and designers/architects.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.2 s.55
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• pp.108-117
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• 2006

This study is to promote barrier-free environment to accommodate the request and the need for accessibility and convenience of disabled people including pregnant women, children and the elderly in using civic service offices which are supposed to play a role as community centers. This study researches the current state of facilities for convenience and analyzes the result according to the type of reasons which prevent disabled persons to get the accessibility and convenience for the information as well as the facilities. Sample cases are 15 civic service offices which are newly built after 1998 in the city of Daegu. There are found three types of problems about convenient facilities, which are the first cases with facilities not installed, the second cases with facilities not properly installed according to the rule, and the third cases with facilities installed properly according to the rule but inconvenient for the actual use. This study proposes a more critical process for the building permit to promote the rate of proper installation of convenience facilities, and the supplementary law with more specific regulations to improve the physical environment for the actual use of physically disabled people.