• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2018

The reference stations in a satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) collect raw data from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to generate correction and integrity information. The multipath signals degrade GNSS raw data quality and have adverse effects on the SBAS performance. The currently operating SBASs (WAAS and EGNOS, etc.) survey existing commercial equipment to perform multipath assessment around the antennas. For the multi-path assessment, signal power of GNSS and multipath at the MEDLL receiver of NovAtel were estimated and the results were replicated by a ratio of signal power estimated at NovAtel Multipath Assessment Tool (MAT). However, the same experiment environment used in existing systems cannot be configured in reference stations in Korean augmentation satellite system (KASS) due to the discontinued model of MAT and MEDLL receivers used in the existing systems. This paper proposes a test environment for multipath assessment around the antennas in KASS Multipath Assessment Tool (K-MAT) for multipath assessment. K-MAT estimates a multipath error contained in the code pseudorange using linear combination between the measurements and replicates the results through polar plot and histogram for multipath assessment using the estimated values.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2011

IMO를 비롯한 세계 각국은 선박평형수에 의해 외래 해양 유해 생물이 유입되어, 자국의 해양생태계를 교란시키고 인간의 건강 및 환경, 경제적 가치에 심각한 위협을 주고 있음을 주목하고 이를 관리하고자 노력하고 있다. 이에, IMO에서는 선박평형수의 위해도를 평가하여, 유입 생물을 관리하고자 하였고, 환경 매칭 위해도 평가, 생물종생물 지리적 위해도 평가, 종별 특이성 위해도 평가 방법 등 3가지의 위해도 평가 방법을 제시하여 적용할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 논문에서는 이 3가지 방법 중 종별 특이성 위해도 평가 방법에 관하여 고찰하고, 이를 적용하여 시범적으로 작성한 위해도 평가 프로그램에 관해 기술하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The most critical health effect of lead exposure is the neurodevelopmental effect to children caused by the increased blood lead level. Therefore, the endpoint of the risk assessment for lead-contaminated sites should be set at the blood lead level of children. In foreign countries, the risk assessment for lead-contaminated sites is conducted by estimating the increased blood lead level of children via oral intake and/or inhalation (United States Environmental Protection Agency, USEPA), or by comparing the estimated oral dose to the threshold oral dose of lead, which is derived from the permissible blood lead level of children (Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM). For the risk assessment, USEPA employs Integrated-Exposure-Uptake-Biokinetic (IEUBK) Model to check whether the estimated portion of children whose blood lead level exceeds 10 µg/dL, threshold blood lead level determined by USEPA, is higher than 5%, while Dutch RIVM compares the estimated oral dose of lead to the threshold oral dose (2.8 µg/kg-day), which is derived from the permissible blood lead level of children. In Korea, like The Netherlands, risk assessment for lead-contaminated sites is conducted by comparing the estimated oral dose to the threshold oral dose; however, because the threshold oral dose listed in Korean risk assessment guidance is an unidentified value, it is recommended to revise the existing threshold oral dose described in Korean risk assessment guidance. And, if significant lead exposure via inhalation is suspected, it is useful to employ IEUBK Model to derive the risk posed via multimedia exposure (i.e., both oral ingestion and inhalation).

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.317-326
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• 2019

개발사업 및 관련 환경영향은 공간 위에서 이루어지므로 환경영향평가 과정에서는 공간정보의 활용이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 환경영향평가의 공간정보 활용을 확대하기 위해 산재된 공간정보를 인벤토리로 구축, 환경영향평가 과정에서 활용할 수 있도록 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 환경영향평가 과정에서의 공간정보 이용 현황과 공공의 정보시스템에서 제공하는 환경 관련 공간정보 목록을 조사하였다. 그리고 선행연구 분석을 통해 도출한 인벤토리 구축 방법론을 적용, 환경영향평가 시 활용할 수 있는 공간정보 목록을 작성하였다. 그 결과 환경영향평가 업무에서 활용중인 공간정보는 64개 항목으로 조사되었으며, 자료 활용성 및 연계 갱신 가능성을 토대로 환경영향평가에 활용 가능한 국토환경공간정보는 45개 항목으로 조사되었다. 최종적으로 중복 제거 및 항목 재구성을 통해 14개의 신규 항목을 포함한 총 49개 항목을 도출, 공간정보 인벤토리로 제시하여 공간정보 기반의 환경영향평가에 기여할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.789-799
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• 2012

The major causes of environmental and social conflicts were analyzed through the samples of the construction and the management for tidal power plant abroad and inland. Based on the results, the eco-friendly and socially acceptable policy instruments for decreasing the scope and intensity of the conflicts were explored. Regarding environment issues, it was found that the tidal power project resulted in decreasing in tidal range and area of intertidal zone and in damaging to tidal flat and wetland conservation area. Also there are the characteristic change of tidal current and biological effect, etc. The major environmental and social conflicts were resulted from the distrust of environmental results to environmental impact assessment and prior environmental review and the distrust of project feasibility study, and insufficient activities of public participation. In this study, introduction to joint fact-finding(JFF) was reviewed as the measure of minimizing environmental and social conflicts.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

In this study, based on the international standard the quantitative assessment model for the level of safety, health and environment was developed. As a result of applying this model, the company(workplace) which has established improvement plan based on quantitative assessment of short-term and long-term requirements, and implemented it was acquired more higher level of safety, health and environment by more than the existing ones.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOIL & GROUNDWATER ENVIRONMENT
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• pp.38-39
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• 2005

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2008

This study review of Compositional Evaluation Items for Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) in Korea. The ECVAM is composed of legal assessment and environmental/ecological assessment items. ECVAM basically adapts an overlay method for environmental/ecological assessment items. The objective of this study is to suggest supplementary items for the ECVAM with the following process : Overlapping rates of the assessment items in the ECVAM are calculated to understand the grade distribution of the environmental conservation value assessment and to analyze the overlapping rates among the assessment items, as a result it is found that various items are overlapped each other. In order to reflect effectively each assessment item to the ECVAM, Analyzed the overlapping degree among assessment items to be applied to this map. On the concrete we gripped results to be assessed by various items, which were overlapped each other. In order to reflect effectively each assessment item to the environmental conservation value assessment map of national land, we analyzed the overlapping degree on environmental/ecological items, and investigated the grade distribution by field survey. In this study we assessed the ECVAM by 5 kinds of method. Method 1 is Grade 1 areas of each administrative district, Method 2 is Comparing overlapping areas of each assessment items Grade 1, 2 and Permission of each assessment items' duplication, Method 3 is Grade 1, 2 areas by only singular assessment items, Method 4 is Only Grade 1 areas of Method 2 and Method 5 is Only Grade 2 areas of Method 2. As results, Method 1 showed Seoul and other metropolitan cities reveal a high proportion of Grade I regions by the legal assessment items. Kangwon-Do, show a high proportion of Grade I regions by the environmental/ecological assessment item. Method 2 showed 93.4% of diameter Grade II(standard for stability), forest diameter item was accounted for 99.9% by Method 3, Method 4 showed 95.7% of forest diameter and forest density was accounted for 66.4% by Method 5. From now on, this study will contribute to reduce the complexity in the process of manufacturing ECVAM of National Land, and to raise the pliability in the process of managing and updating this map.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2008

This study presented politic proposals and diverse utilization-type in coastal areas by analyzing results of reviewed related-statements of marine environment during the one year period of 2007 by Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center. Total of 358 cases were reviewed, which was a significant increase from 270 in 2006. Consultation on the utilization of sea areas (CUSA) accounted for the largest number of 165 (46.1%) and it was followed by 104 cases of environmental impact assessment (EIA) (29.0%) and 89 cases of prior environmental review (PER) (24.9%). As such, evaluation statements (EIA+PER) related to consultations of the Ministry of Environment accounted for approximately 54% of the entire cases reviewed. To analyze the overall results of reviewing marine-related evaluation statements, utilization and planning were conducted by 47.9%, 38.4% and 13.7% in the South Sea, West Sea and East Sea of Korea, respectively. In evaluation statements (EIA+PER), port construction, industrial complex construction, urban management plan and road construction took up most of the part by 40.9%, 20.2%, 10.4% and 7.3%, respectively. In terms of CUSA-statement, it was evaluated that consultations were mostly carried out on use and reclamation of public water surface in coastal areas and on sea aggregate extraction process in EEZ. The largest number of plans for coastal use were established for Jeollanam-do, followed by Gyeongsangnam-do, Chungcheongnam-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gyeonggi-do. In particular, development plans were concentrated on Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangnam-do with stable marine environment and outstanding view of the nature. In most cases, these regions are adjacent to the areas designated as a sea area for environmental management and fisheries resources protection zone. Therefore, conflicts exist between development and preservation. Also, rather than random development, more detailed marine environmental impact assessment, gathering of public opinions and politic harmony are essentially required. For efficient coastal management and environmentally sound and sustainable development, fulfilling consistent and transparent coastal policies as well as active and reliable decision making to center on coastal environment by management bodies will be important.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2011

This study was established to build and suggest the Ecological Performance Standards for replaced wetlands as the mitigation strategies for the construction projects. The request performance and assessment factors and standards were derived by bibliographic review and verified by the field survey for the reference wetlands. And the weights for each factor were derived by AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process) method. The results are as follows : 1) Assessment factors were induced by in-depth research of many wetland assessment models and benchmarks evaluated ecological functions. This study proposed final 12 assessment factors through ecological specialist and experts interviews added with literature analysis. 2) 10 natural wetlands were selected as Reference Wetlands as the measure to propose assessment factors and assessment criteria. Those reference wetlands are well-conserved inland natural wetlands classified to the one having worthy to conserve (grade "high") according to RAM(Rapid Assessment Method). Reference wetlands chosen by the study are Parksilji, Jeongyangji, Mulkubi, Bawineupkubi, Jilnalneup, Jinchonneup, Doomoso, Haepyung wetland, Whangjeong wetland, and Whapo wetland. The research developed assessment criteria for the performance assessment factors based on several explorations of the reference wetlands. 3) "Requiring performance" of replaced wetlands is defined as "to carry out similar or same ecological functions provided by natural wetlands", in overall. The detailed requiring performances are as follows; ${\bullet}$ to play a role of wildlife habitats ${\bullet}$ to have biological diversity ${\bullet}$ to connect with other ecosystems ${\bullet}$ to provide water environment to perform good ecological functions 4) The assessment factors for required performance are categorized by wildlife habitat function, biological diversity, connectivity of adjacent ecosystem, and water environment. Wildlife habitat category is consisted of wildlife habitat creation, size of replacement wetland, and site suitability. Biological diversity category contains the number of plant species, the number of wildlife species, and number of protected species as the sub-factors. Connectivity of adjacent ecosystem is comprised of wildlife corridor, green network and distance from other ecosystem. Finally, water environment make up with water quality, depth of water body, and shape of waterfront. 5) Finally, every assessment factors were verified and weighted by the AHP methods and the final standards were proposed. The weights of factors of requiring performance suggested as habitat (0.280), connectivity (0.261), diversity (0.260), hydraulic environment (0.199). And those of detailed sub-factors are site suitability (0.118), protected species (0.096), distance to neighbor ecosystem (0.093), habitat creating (0.091), green corridor (0.090) etc.