• Educational Technology International
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-81
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate effects of peer feedback types and feedback acceptance levels on academic achievement in project-based learning. The participants were 70 middle-school students taking an English course. They were divided into corrective and suggestive feedback groups. These participants were asked to create user-created content (UCC) as an individual task and provide peer feedback on a peer's UCC in the same type of feedback group. Results showed that there were significant differences in academic achievement according to peer feedback types (corrective vs. suggestive) and feedback acceptance levels (high vs. low). In particular, the suggestive peer feedback group had higher academic achievement than the corrective peer feedback group. Moreover, the group with a high level of feedback acceptance gained higher academic achievement than the group with a low level of feedback acceptance. Moreover, there was an interaction effect between peer feedback types and feedback acceptance on academic achievement. These results indicate that peer feedback types and feedback acceptance should be considered for effective peer feedback activity. These findings provide practical implications for the design and implementation of peer feedback activity in project-based learning.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

This study investigates the fixed and random factors affecting response patterns of wh-scope interpretations in Gyeongsang Korean. It employed logistic mixed-effects regression models to analyze responses from 24 participants who listened to 40 pre-recorded stimuli from 40 different speakers. The stimuli consisted of an embedded wh-phrase and an interrogative ending marker, "-nkiko," thereby forming a wh-question, specifically a matrix wh-scope. Participants repeated the test three times. The study found that the prominence level of a prosodic phrase composed of an embedded verb and a complementizer was inversely related to responses with wh-questions, as demonstrated through multiple regression analysis in Yun. The test trial significantly impacted the number of responses with wh-questions, increasing from 50.3% in the first trial to 58.8% and 61.2% in subsequent trials. Examination of random subject effects revealed two main factors influencing responses: morpho-syntactic constraints and prosodic structural integrity. These two factors demonstrated the potential to be inversely weighted. Analysis of random stimulus effects suggested that the prominence level had limited effects on response patterns with each stimulus primarily eliciting one type of responses across trials.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.27-53
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• 2013

용선계약에서 정박기간은 확정할 수도 있고 미확정인 상태로 그 항만의 관습적인 방법에 따라 선적 및 양하를 행하는 것이 일반적인 관례이다. 항만설비나 기타 제반 여건이 좋아 하역작업이 조속히 이루어 질 수 있는 상황이라면 선주는 그 항만의 관습에 따라 행하는 하역작업을 허용할 수도 있으나, 항만이 신설되거나 여건이 좋지 않을 경우 일정한 기한 내에 작업을 행하도록 용선 계약상에 명문화 하는 것이 통상적인 운송계약방식이다. 그 이유는 용선자나 선주가 조속한 하역작업을 위해 각자의 권리와 의무에 최선을 다하고, 가능한 조속히 하역을 완료하여 선박이 항만에서 체류하게 되는 시간을 최소화시켜 운항효율성을 제고하는 한편, 그에 따라 운임과 항만비용 등 제반 운송비용을 절감함으로써, 용선자나 선주가 공동의 이익을 실현할 수 있기 때문이다. 이러한 기한부 하역조건에는 용선계약의 양식과 화물의 종류 등에 따라 매우 다양하게 표한할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 용어에 관하여 용선자나 선주의 명확한 이해부족으로 많은 분쟁이 발생한다. 따라서 본고에서는 용선계약에서 언급되는 기한부 하역조건 또는 정박기간의 조건을 영국법의 판례로 살펴보고 그에 따른 법적의미와 해석기준을 제시하여, 국제무역과 해운기업의 실무에 도움이 되고자 한다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 2020년 COVID-19의 확산으로 전면 비대면 온라인(녹화 강의 및 실시간 화상 수업)으로 전환된 교양영어 수업을 수강한 대학 신입생들의 학습 감정을 알아보는데 있다. 연구 방법은 B대학 신입생 170명을 대상으로 학습감정검사지(Academic Emotion Questionnaire; AEQ)을 이용하여 설문조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 19.0 프로그램으로 통계 처리하였고, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 신입생들의 영어 학습 감정이 온라인 수업 유형에 따라 긍정의 감정과 부정의 감정에서 모두 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < .01). 긍정의 감정은 녹화 강의수업에서, 부정의 감정은 실시간 화상 수업에서 더 높았다. 둘째, 신입생들의 영어 수준에 따라 온라인 수업 유형에 대한 학습 감정이 유의한 차이를 보였지만(p < .01), 수준과 무관하게 긍정의 감정은 녹화 강의에서 높았고, 부정의 감정은 실시간 화상수업에서 더 높았다. 셋째, 신입생들의 전공에 따라 온라인 수업 유형에 대한 학습 감정은 긍정의 감정에서만 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < .01). 자연이공계열 학생들이 인문사회계열 학생보다 동영상수업에 대한 긍정의 감정이 높았다. 마지막으로, 신입생들의 성별에 따라 온라인 수업 유형에 대한 학습 감정은 부정의 감정에서만 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < .01). 온라인 수업유형과 무관하게 여학생의 부정 감정이 남학생의 부정 감정보다 높았다. 연구결과를 토대로 제언 및 교육적 함의가 논의되었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1291-1295
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• 2004

This paper proposed a new approach for endpoint detection of isolated speech, which proves to significantly improve the endpoint detection performance. The proposed algorithm relies on the root mean square energy (rms energy), zero crossing rate and spectral characteristics of the speech signal where the Euclidean distance measure is adopted using cepstral coefficients to accurately detect the endpoint of isolated speech. The algorithm offers better performance than traditional energy-based algorithm. The vocabulary for the experiment includes English digit from one to nine. These experimental results were conducted by 360 utterances from a male speaker. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the algorithm is quite acceptable. Moreover, the computation overload of this algorithm is low since the cepstral coefficients parameters will be used in feature extraction later of speech recognition procedure.

• 아동학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.199-216
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• 1999

The 121 five-year-old Korean subjects of this study were divided in 3 groups based on their experience in learning a foreign language (English). A battery of tests was administered to measure spoken and written language ability and the 3 metalinguistic domains of phonological, semantic, and syntactic awareness. Spoken language ability was positively correlated with semantic and syntactic awareness. The relative importance of each metalinguistic domain varied with level of written language development. Phonological awareness was the only predictor of decoding. Syntactic awareness and phonological awareness were significant variables in sentence comprehension. Metalinguistic ability was a better predictor of written language development than spoken language ability. Foreign language learning experience had an effect on syntactic awareness: low experience was superior to no experience, but high experience was not superior to low experience.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to measure the level of the key competencies of college students and to use it as the basic material so as to improve the key competencies. So the subject was 161 college students. The instrument used to measure the key competencies is that developed by Cheol-Young Jeong, which was partly revised with the help of a group of experts. The results of this study showed that most of the key competencies were above the average(3.0). But it appeared that the english document understanding skills(M=2.59) and international sense skills(M=2.91) of college students were below 3.0. Therefore, the university authorities will have to try to improve the key competencies with the development of a new curriculum concerning the key competencies of college students.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2003년도 추계학술발표논문집 (상)
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• pp.473-476
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• 2003

영한 자동번역 시스템에서 대역어 선택 모듈은 어휘 변환을 수행한다. 일반적으로 영어 단어는 다양한 한국어 단어로 번역될 수 있는 의미적 모호성을 지니고 있으며, 고품질의 영한 자동번역 결과를 제공하기 위해서는, 해당 문맥에 가장 적합한 한국어 단어가 선택되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 영어의 명사 어휘에 대하여, 벡터를 사용하는 2 단계 영한 대역어 선택 기법을 제안한다. 벡터를 사용하는 2 단계 대역어 선택 방식은 첫 번째 단계에서, 원문에서 사용된 영어 명사의 의미를 결정하고, 두 번째 단계에서, 해당 의미를 지니는 유사 한국어 대역어 가운데, 생성될 한국어 문맥에 맞는 적합한 한국어 대역어를 선택한다. 또한 제안하는 방법의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 현재 우리가 개발중인 Tellus-EK 영한 자동번역 시스템에 적용한 결과를 논한다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.132-146
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• 2015

To develop tailored elementary, middle, and high school textbooks suitable for understanding the nuclear energy and radiation, quantitative and qualitative research was carried out in parallel, which included nine steps to ensure the validity of content and structure. The elementary, middle, and high school students wanted to acquire information used in their daily lives, including the definition of nuclear energy and radiation, principles and status of nuclear power generation, and information about irradiated food, medical radiation, and radiation in life. In the evaluation of the effects of textbook contents according to the educational requirements of each school level, high suitability frequencies (>80%) were shown for the human character, education goals, curriculum goals, evaluation method, and education time. At some levels, the high suitability frequencies (>70%) were shown for the education grade, education type, and textbook type.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2014

This study defined the pre-elderly as middle age people from 50 to 59. Because it is difficult to produce a design to satisfy the pre-elderly without deeply understanding them, their financial and physical characteristics and persona-based scenario method was studied. An experimental study about persona based scenario method was conducted, and as a result, the types of personas found were as follows: 1) Users enjoy the same games online and offline. 2) Users enjoy playing alone on the computer. 3) Users prefer games that end quickly with win or loss. Writing the situation scenario for each type, the pre-elderly's problems and needs occurring while they play web board games were obtained. The obtained user requests were as follows: users would like the level of difficulty to be simpler in the game of baduk; users wanted unlimited credit and refrainment from using English words in go-Stop; and there were simple comments about game screen design.