• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2014

Energy consumption of sensor nodes is minimized because it has limited energy generator in wireless sensor network. Electronic shelf label system is one of application fields using wireless sensor networks. Battery size of small apparatus for displaying price is restricted. Therefore its current consumption have to be minimized. Furthermore the method for minimization of peak current would be considered because life cycle of coin battery used to display or RF is vulnerable to intensity of drain current. In this paper, we analyze current consumption pattern of low-power electronic shelf label system. Then we propose the method for minimization of current consumption by modification of software and hardware. Current consumption of the system using proposed method are approximately 15 to 20 percent lower than existing system and the life cycle of the system is approximately 10 percent higher than existing system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2309-2312
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• 2003

This paper presents the minimization of the energy costs based on energy saving for industrial retort process of canned food. The approved proposed method is related the optimal steam or hot water flow control to achieve desired temperature of retort process. The smooth response and zero steady state error can be also achieved. The performances of the proposed control technique were observed using a small tuna canned food plant in Thailand as an illustrative example. The experimental results are given to support the saving in energy costs and some benefits of the proposed technique.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제11B권3호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2004

본 논문은 외부 자극에 대한 생물 행동의 복잡하고 다양한 특징들을 추출하고 분석하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 물 속 생물인 깔따구의 행동궤적으로부터 얻어 낸 속도 벡터의 위상영상에 적응적이고 수리적인 방법인 에너지 최소화 모델을 적용한다. 즉, 다이아지논이라는 약물이 처리되기 전과 후의 깔따구의 행동궤적의 특징을 위상영상으로부터 찾아내어 행동 패턴을 분류하고 이 약물에 대한 깔따구의 적응적 행동 특징을 추출하는 것이다. 특징추출을 위해 도입한 방법은 T. Chan과 L. Vese에 의해 제안된 개선 Active Contour 모델에 근거한 것으로 Active Contour를 진화시키는 과정에서 생성되는 에너지함수 값의 변화를 이용한 것이다. Active Contour 모델이란 주어진 영상에 놓인 커브를 그 커브에 의해 분할된 부분영상들의 에너지 값들의 합을 최소화하는 방향으로 변화하게 함으로써 영상 내 객체의 경계를 찾는 영상분할 방법이다. 깔따구의 행동궤적 데이터는 CCD 카메라를 통해 0.25초 간격으로 약물을 처리하기 전과 후 4일 간을 관찰하여 획득하고, 이 행동궤적 데이터에서 행동의 특징 요소가 되는 속도벡터 성분을 15-20분 간격으로 추출하여 위상영상을 만든다. 그리고 이 위상영상에 Active Contour를 적용함으로써 시간에 따라 감소하는 에너지 함수 값의 그래프에서 구해진 기울기 변화에 대한 수리적 계산과 분석을 통해 깔따구 행동궤적의 특징을 찾고 행동 패턴을 분류한다. 또한, 에너지 최소화 모델은 약물 처리된 깔따구의 반응적인 행동이 이에 적응하고 있음을 효과적으로 보여준다.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2014

Because the cost of performance testing using actual products is expensive, manufacturers use lower-cost computer-aided design simulations for this function. In this paper, we propose using hexahedral meshes, which are more accurate than tetrahedral meshes, for finite element analysis. We propose automatic hexahedral mesh generation with sharp features to precisely represent the corresponding features of a target shape. Our hexahedral mesh is generated using a voxel-based algorithm. In our previous works, we fit the surface of the voxels to the target surface using Laplacian energy minimization. We used normal vectors in the fitting to preserve sharp features. However, this method could not represent concave sharp features precisely. In this proposal, we improve our previous Laplacian energy minimization by adding a term that depends on multi-normal vectors instead of using normal vectors. Furthermore, we accentuate a convex/concave surface subset to represent concave sharp features.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2003

In this paper we seek a positive, radially symmetric and energy minimizing solution of an m-Laplacian equation, -div$($\mid${\nabla}u$\mid$^{m-2}$\mid${\nabla}u)\;=\;h(u)$. In the variational sense, the solutions are the critical points of the associated functional called the energy, $J(v)\;=\;\frac{1}{m}\;\int_{R^N}\;$\mid${\nabla}v$\mid$^m\;-\;\int_{R^N}\;H(v)dx,\;where\;H(v)\;=\;{\int_0}^v\;h(t)dt$. A positive, radially symmetric critical point of J can be obtained by solving the constrained minimization problem; minimize{$\int_{R^N}$\mid${\nabla}u$\mid$^mdx$\mid$\;\int_{R^N}\;H(u)d;=\;1$}. Moreover, the solution minimizes J(v).

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

This paper presents a frequency selection algorithm for minimization power consumption of processor in Mobile System. The proposed algorithm has processor designed low power processor using clock gating method. Clock gating method has improved the power dissipation by control main clock through the bus which is embedded clock block applying the method of clock gating. Proposed method has compared power consumption considered the dynamic power for processor, selected frequency has considered energy gain and energy consumption for designed processor. Or reduced power consumption with decreased processor speed using slack time. This technique has improved the life time of the mobile systems by clock gating method, considered energy and using slack time. As an results, the proposed algorithm reduce average power saving up to 4% comparing to not apply processor in mobile system.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2006

Based on the smoothness criterion of minimum curvature variation of the curve, tangent angle constraints guaranteeing an optimized geometric Hermite (OGH) curve both mathematically and geometrically smooth is given, and new methods for constructing composite optimized geometric Hermite (COH) curves are presented in this paper. The comparison of the new methods with Yong and Cheng's methods based on strain energy minimization is included.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권8호
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• pp.1347-1354
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• 2016

This paper presents optimal operational scheduling model and economic assessment of Li-ion battery energy storage systems installed in non-residential customers. The operation schedule of a BESS is determined to minimize electric bill, which is composed of demand and energy charges. Dynamic programming is introduced to solve the nonlinear optimization problem. Based on the optimal operation schedule result, the economics of a BESS are evaluated in the investor and the social perspective respectively. Calculated benefits in the investor or customer perspective are the savings of demand charge, energy charge, and related taxes. The social benefits include fuel cost savings of generating units, construction deferral effects of the generation capacity and T&D infra, and incremental CO2 emission cost impacts, etc. Case studies are applied to an large industrial customer that shows similarly repeated load patterns according to days of the week.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.3792-3803
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• 1996

Since the skew beam element has two curvatures which are a curvature and a torsion, spatial behavior of curved beam which cannot be included in one plane can be anlayzed by emploting the skew beam element. The $C^{0}$-continuous skew beam element shows the stiffness locking phenomenon when full integration is employed. The locking phenomenpn is characterized by two typical phenomena ; one is the much smaller displacement thant the exact one and theother is the undelation phenomenon is stress distribution. In this paper, we examine how unmatched coefficient in the constrained energy brings about the locking by Reduced Minimization theory. We perform the numerical ones. These comparisons show that uniformly full integration(UFI), which employs full integration for the constrained energy, entails the locking phenomenon. But the use of uniformly reduced integration(URI) of selectively reduced integration(SRI), which employs reduced integration for constrained energy, does not produce the significant errors of displacements of the undulation phenomenon in stress distribution since they do not entails the locking, Additionally, the error due to the approximated parameters for describing the geometry of skew beam is examined.d.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제5B권2호
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• pp.146-153
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• 2005

In a permanent magnet brushless dc motor, cogging torque is produced by the magnetic attraction between the rotor mounted permanent magnets and the stator teeth. This always produces a pulsating torque ripple resulting in vibration and acoustic noise, which is detrimental to the motor performance. This paper deals with the analytical prediction of cogging torque and the various cogging torque minimization techniques as applied to a permanent magnet brushless dc motor.