• 보존과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2003

조선시대 관요가 위치한 경기도 광주의 백자에 대한 화학적인 특성을 살펴보기 위하여 백자요지에서 출토된 백자를 대상으로 X-선 회절 분석, 유도결합 플라즈마 원자방출 분광분석, 에너지분산 X-선 분광분석의 자연과학적인 방법을 이용하여 연구하였다. 백자요지에서 출토된 백자는 출토된 유구에 관계없이 유사한 태토로 제조되었으며, 태토의 제조에는 광물학적으로 같은 계통의 원료로 장석광물이 사용되지 않은 점이 특징적이다. 폐기물의 퇴적 1에서 출토된 백자는 백자요지의 다른 유구에서 출토된 백자와는 $Fe_2O_3$를 포함한 태토의 조성 및 광물학적인 특성에 차이가 있었다. 폐기물의 퇴적 떼서는 백자요지의 다른 유구와 성격을 달리하는 유물이 출토되었다는 발굴조사의 결과와 백자의 과학적인 분석결과와 일치하였다. 백자에는 유약성분의 특성상 라임계열과 알칼리-라임계열의 유약이 사용되었으며, 전반적으로 유약조성의 범위는 넓었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2012

Ti-Ni alloys are widely used in numerous biomedical applications (e.g., orthodontics, cardiovascular science, orthopaedics) due to their distinctive thermomechanical and mechanical properties, such as the shape memory effect, superelasticity and low elastic modulus. In order to increase the biocompatibility of Ti-Ni alloys, many surface modification techniques, such as the sol-gel technique, plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII), laser surface melting, plasma spraying, and chemical vapor deposition, have been employed. In this study, a Ti-49.5Ni (at%) alloy was electrochemically etched in 1M $H_2SO_4$+ X (1.5, 2.0, 2.5) wt% HF electrolytes to modify the surface morphology. The morphology, element distribution, crystal structure, roughness and energy of the surface were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive Xray spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle analysis. Micro-sized pores were formed on the Ti-49.5Ni (at%) alloy surface by electrochemical etching with 1M $H_2SO_4$+ X (1.5, 2.0, 2.5) wt% HF. The volume fractions of the pores were increased by increasing the concentration of the HF electrolytes. Depending on the HF concentration, different pore sizes, heights, surface roughness levels, and surface energy levels were obtained. To investigate the osteoblast adhesion of the electrochemically etched Ti-49.5Ni (at%) alloy, a MTT test was performed. The degree of osteoblast adhesion was increased at a high concentration of HF-treated surface structures.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2009

The amorphization process and the thermal properties of amorphous Ti$_{40}$Cu$_{40}$Ni$_{10}$Al$_{10}$ powder during milling by mechanical alloying were examined by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition of the samples was examined by an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) facility attached to the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The as-milled powders showed a broad peak (2$\theta$ = 42.4$^{\circ}$) with crystalline size of about 5.0 nm in the XRD patterns. The entire milling process could be divided into three different stages: agglomeration (0 < t$_m$ $\leq$ 3 h), disintegration (3 h < t$_m$ $\leq$ 20 h), and homogenization (20 h < t$_m$ $\leq$ 40 h) (t$_m$: milling time). In the DSC experiment, the peak temperature T$_p$ and crystallization temperature T$_x$ were 466.9$^{\circ}C$ and 444.3$^{\circ}C$, respectively, and the values of T$_p$, and T$_x$ increased with a heating rate (HR). The activation energies of crystallization for the as-milled powder was 291.5 kJ/mol for T$_p$.

• 공업화학
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.355-359
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• 2017

Si/Al 몰비율이 1.08~1.20를 가진 제올라이트 X를 수열합성반응을 이용하여 제조한 후, $Mg^{2+}$ 또는 $Cu^{2+}$을 지닌 금속질산염용액으로 이온교환을 하여 이온 교환된 제올라이트 X를 준비하였다. 모든 준비된 제올라이트 X 시료들에 대해 XRD, SEM, EDS를 이용하여 제올라이트의 결정 구조 변화를 확인하였으며, 암모니아 승온 탈착법($NH_3$-TPD)을 통해 시료의 암모니아 흡착능력에 대한 분석을 진행하였다. XRD 결과, 준비된 제올라이트 X는 양이온성분에 상관없이 Faujasite (FAU) 결정상을 유지하였지만, $Mg^{2+}$ 및 $Cu^{2+}$로 이온교환된 제올라이트 X에 대한 결정화도는 감소되었다. EDS분석결과, 이온 교환된 제올라이트 X시료들 안에 각각의 양이온이 분포되어 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. $NH_3$-TPD 분석결과 $Mg^{2+}$-와 $Cu^{2+}$-제올라이트 X의 암모니아 흡착능은 각각 1.76 mmol/g과 2.35 mmol/g이었으나, $Na^+$-제올라이트 X의 암모니아 흡착능은 3.52 mmol/g ($NH_3/catalyst$)으로 확인되었다. 향후 암모니아를 제거하기 위한 흡착제로서 $Na^+$-제올라이트 X가 활용될 가능성이 높다고 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.162-166
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• 1996

The effects of NiO addition on the microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of ($Zr_{08}Sn_{02}$)$TiO_4$ (ZST) were investigated. With the NiO addition, a higher density of ZST ceramics than 95% of the theoretical values has been obtained in the sintering temperature range of 1400 to 150$0^{\circ}C$. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) analysis of sintered specimen shows the presence of second phase at grain boundaries, which is considered to be $NiTiO_3$. Dielectric constant of the specimen is found to increase linearly with density. Q-values and TC$_r$ decrease with increasing NiO content. The variation of dielectric properties with NiO content is discussed in terms of the second phase. The ZST ceramics with 0.25 wt% NiO showed ${\varepsilon}_{\gamma}$=38, Q=7000 at GHz and TC$\gamma$=-0.5 ppm/$^{\circ}C$, comparable with the values obtained by the previous investigations.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.246-251
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• 2005

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PE-CVD) method has an advantage in synthesizing carbon nanotubes(CNTs) at lower temperature compared with thermal enhanced chemical vapor deposition(TE-CVD) method. In this study, CNTs was prepared by using PE-CVD method. The growth rate of CNT was faster more than 100 times on using Invar alloy than iron as catalyst. It was found that chrome silicide was formed at the interface between chrome layer and silicon substrate which should be considered in designing process. Nanoparticles of Invar catalyst were found oxidized on their surfaces with a depth of 10 m. Microstructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. Based on the result of analysis, growth mechanism at an initial stage was suggested.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.636-647
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• 2016

Magnetite nanoparticles ($Fe_3O_4$ NPs) were synthesized by co-precipitating method under optimized condition. The $Fe_3O_4$ NPs coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate-thenoyltrifluoroacetone ($Fe_3O_4$ NPs-SDS-TTFA) were then exerted as the magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) adsorbent for the extraction process prior to introducing to a flame atomic adsorption spectrometry (FAAS). The synthesized $Fe_3O_4$ NPs-SDS-TTFA were applied for the extraction of Pb(II) ions from different water samples. The characterization studies of nanoparticles were performed via scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive micro-analysis (SEM-EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The substantial parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were surveyed and optimized. A dynamic linear range (DLR) of $10-400{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ was obtained and the limit of detection (LOD, n=7) and relative standard deviation (RSD%, n= 6, $C=20{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$) were found to be $2.3{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ and 1.9%, respectively. According to the results, the proposed method successfully applied for the extraction of Pb(II) ions from different environmental water samples and satisfactory results achieved.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.118-130
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• 2011

In this study, hydrophilic polyurethane (PU) was synthesized by one shot process to get good non-swelling effect and to keep high breathability using reactive silicone oil of mono terminal and bi-terminal types. We also blended non reactive silicone oil with pure hydrophilic PU to compare non-swelling effect and breathability with hydrophilic PU synthesized by the two types of reactive silicone oils. The hydrophilic films were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photo electron (XPS) spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), breathability, waterproofness, tensile strength, contact angle and swelling effect. The results showed that the film made by hydrophilic PU which was synthesized with mono terminal type silicone oil provided good non-swelling effect and acceptable moisture permeability due to the modified surface properties.

• 센서학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 1996

기존의 진공증착 방법으로 $SiO_{2}$ 막이 성장된 Si웨이퍼 위에 ZnO막을 제조하였다. Anhydrous zinc acetate를 자체 제작한 황동보트안에 넣고 가열하여 승화시켰다. 기판온도는 $200^{\circ}C$에서 $600^{\circ}C$까지 변화시켰으며 공정중에 산소를 주입하여 챔버내 산소 분압을 증가시켰다. 증가된 산소분압에 의해 고저항의 ZnO막을 얻을 수 있었다. 제조된 막의 결정성 및 성분을 알기 위해 XRD, EDS 및 RBS 측정을 하였다. 고저항의 ZnO막은 70%이상의 상대습도에 매우 민감한 저항감소를 나타내었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.59-62
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• 1996

The effect of NiO addition on the microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of (Zr$_{0.8}$Sn$_{0.2}$)TiO$_4$(ZST) was investigated. With the NiO addition, a dense ZST body of density higher than 95% has been achieved in the sintering temperature range of 1400 to 150$0^{\circ}C$. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) analysis of sintered specimen shows the presence of second phase at grain boundaries, which is considered to be NiTiO$_3$. Dielectric constant of the specimen is found to increase linearly with density. Q-values and TC$_{f}$decrease with increasing NiO content. The variation of dielectric properties with NiO content is discussed in term of the second phase. The ZST ceramics with small amount of additive gave $\varepsilon$$_{r}$=38, Q=7000 at 7 GHz and TC$_{f}$=-0.5 ppm/$^{\circ}C$, comparable with the values obtained by previous investigation.stigation.