• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2019

The paper presents the results of a multi-criteria comparative evaluation of 12 feasible Russian nuclear energy deployment scenarios with thermal and fast reactors in a closed nuclear fuel cycle. The comparative evaluation was performed based on 6 performance indicators and 5 different MCDA methods (Simple Scoring Model, MAVT / MAUT, AHP, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE) in accordance with the recommendations elaborated by the IAEA/INPRO section. It is shown that the use of different MCDA methods to compare the nuclear energy deployment scenarios, despite some differences in the rankings, leads to well-coordinated and similar results. Taking into account the uncertainties in the weights within a multi-attribute model, it was possible to rank the scenarios in the absence of information regarding the relative importance of performance indicators and determine the preference probability for a certain nuclear energy deployment scenario. Based on the results of the uncertainty/sensitivity analysis and additional analysis of alternatives as well as the whole set of graphical and attribute data, it was possible to identify the most promising nuclear energy deployment scenario under the assumptions made.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2023

It is essential to properly understand the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns confined by stirrups that experience different corrosion rates. The current study investigated the effect of seismic performance indicators such as strength loss, energy dissipation rate, ductility and hysteresis damping on specimens and models for different stirrup corrosion rates. Analysis revealed the adverse effects of corrosion on the bond performance between the concrete and steel bars which affected the seismic performance of the columns. It was found that with increasing corrosion rate, ductility and energy dissipation of the specimens decreased. Compared with the uncorroded specimen, the ductility factor and energy dissipation decreased observably, by 22.89% and 60.64%, respectively. An attenuation relationship is proposed for the corrosion rate of the stirrups for different stirrup yield strengths, concrete compressive strengths, concrete covers and stirrup spacing.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.145-146
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• 2012

With the increasing public concerns on sustainability in construction industry, a variety of standards for green buildings have been developed and implemented. However, most of their criteria are not adaptable to evaluate environmental performances of construction activities. Besides, the great part of existing studies are focusing only on energy consumption and CO₂ emissions, overlooking the impact of pollution sources which occur intentionally in the construction phase. In this study, indicators and their importances are investigated to assess the overall environmental performance of construction activities.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.707-725
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• 2021

에너지경영시스템은 생산 중심으로 발전하는 한국의 경제구조에서 에너지경영의 역할을 강조하여 지속 가능한 에너지 절약 및 온실가스 감축에 기여하고 있다. 에너지 성과에 대한 측정 방법론을 이해하는 것은 기업이 성공적인 에너지경영시스템을 구축하는 데 핵심 요소이지만, 적용 방법론, 적용 가능성 및 실제 활용도를 조사하려는 시도는 국내에서 찾아보기 어렵다. 본 연구는 에너지경영시스템에 관한 국제표준인 ISO 50006에서 제안한 4가지 에너지 성과 지표(EnPI)인 ①측정 된 에너지 값, ②측정 된 값 간의 비율, ③ 선형 회귀 모델, ④ 비선형 회귀 모델에 초점을 맞추어 에너지성과 측정에 대한 이해를 심화시키고, 효과적으로 확산시키기 위한 정책과 적정 관리 지표를 제시하는 것을 목표로 한다. 41명의 전문가들의 설문조사를 통해 수집된 데이터를 활용하여, EnPI에 대한 선호도와 산업 분류별, 조직규모, 전문가 유형별로 EnPI의 주요 선책 기준을 분석하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면 가장 선호되는 EnPI는 측정 된 값과 측정 된 에너지 값 사이의 비율이며 EnPI를 선택하는 기준은 사용 편의성이 가장 중요하다고 분석되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.989-998
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• 2018

수원과 수용가 간 연결성은 비정상상황 시 상수도관망의 기능 유지 정도를 나타내는 시스템 특성 중 하나이다. 상수도관망은 점과 선으로 구성된 그래프로 간략화 될 수 있기 때문에, 연결성 평가를 위해 주로 그래프 이론이 적용되었다. 하지만, 대부분의 연구는 상수도관망에 적합하지 않은 무향-비가중 그래프 이론을 적용하였다. 본 연구에서는 유향-가중 그래프 이론을 상수도관망에 적용하였으며, 이를 기반으로 복잡한 수리해석 없이 상수도관망 연결성을 평가할 수 있는 지표인 SNSP (Source to Node Shortest Pathway)와 이의 역수인 SNSP-Degree (SNSP-D)를 제안하였다. 국내 J시 42개의 상수도관망을 이용하여 개발된 SNSP와 기존 상수도관망 성능평가지표 사이의 상관성 분석을 수행 및 검증하였다. 기존 상수도관망 성능평가지표는 수리해석 결과를 지표 계산에 이용하는 3개의 회복력(Resilience) 지표와 에너지 효율 지표이다. 분석 결과, SNSP의 역수인 SNSP-D의 합과 기존 상수도관망 성능지표 사이에 평균적으로 0.87 이상의 높은 피어슨 상관계수(Pearson Correlation Coefficient, PCC) 값이 도출되었다. 특히, 회복력 지표 중 하나인 Modified Resilience Index (MRI)와 에너지 효율 지표의 경우 PCC 0.93 이상의 높은 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 다중 회귀 분석을 통해 SNSP-D와 회복력 및 에너지 효율 간의 상관성에 영향을 미치는 수리학적 변인을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 SNSP 지표가 상수도관망의 대략적인 회복력 및 에너지 효율 수준을 알려줄 수 있는 지표로 실무에서 널리 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2023

With the increased interest in renewable energy, various hydrogen production technologies have been developed. Hydrogen production can be classified into green, blue, gray, and pink hydrogen depending on the production method; each method has different technical performance, costs, and CO₂ emission characteristics. Hence, selecting the technology priorities that meet the company strategy is essential to develop technologically and economically feasible projects and achieve the national carbon neutrality targets. In addition, in early development technologies, analyzing the technology investment priorities based on the company's strategy and establishing investment decisions such as budget and human resources allocation is important. This study proposes a method of selecting priorities for various hydrogen production technologies as a specific implementation plan to achieve the national carbon neutrality goal. In particular, we analyze key performance indicators for technology, economic feasibility, and environmental performance by various candidate technologies and suggest ways to score them. As a result of the analysis using the aforementioned method, the priority of steam methane reforming (SMR) technology combined with carbon capture & storage (CCS) was established to be high in terms of achieving the national carbon neutrality goal.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.203-227
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• 2013

Global demand for dwelling energy and implications of changing climatic conditions on buildings confront the built environment to build sustainable dwellings. This study investigates the variability of future climatic conditions on newly built detached dwellings in the UK. Series of energy modelling and simulations are performed on ten detached houses to evaluate and predict the impact of varying future climatic patterns on five building performance indicators. The study identifies and quantifies a consistent declining trend of building performance which is in consonance with current scientific knowledge of annual temperature change prediction in relations to long term climatic variation. The average percentage decrease for the annual energy consumption was predicted to be 2.80, 6.60 and 10.56 for 2020s, 2050s and 2080s time lines respectively. A similar declining trend in the case of annual natural gas consumption was 4.24, 9.98 and 16.1, and that for building emission rate and heating demand were 2.27, 5.49 and 8.72 and 7.82, 18.43 and 29.46 respectively. The study further analyse future heating and cooling demands of the three warmest months of the year and ascertain future variance in relative humidity and indoor temperature which might necessitate the use of room cooling systems to provide thermal comfort.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.679-693
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• 2020

This paper investigates the seismic response of buildings equipped with Self-Centering Energy Dissipating (SCED) braces. Two-dimensional models of 3, 6, 12 and 16-story SCED buildings considering both material and geometric nonlinearities are investigated by carrying out pushover and nonlinear time-history analyses. The response indicators of the buildings are studied for weight-scaled ground motions to represent the Design Basis Earthquake (DBE) level and the Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) event. The fragility curves of the buildings for two Immediate Occupancy (IO) and Life Safety (LS) performance levels are developed using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA). Results of the nonlinear response history analyses indicate that the maximum inter-story drift occurs at the taller buildings. The mean peak inter-story drift is less than 2% in both hazard levels. High floor acceleration peaks are observed in all the SCED frames regardless of the building height. The overall ductility and ductility demand increase when the number of stories reduces. The results also showed the residual displacement is negligible for all of case study buildings. The 3 and 6-story buildings exhibit desirable performance in IO and LS performance levels according to fragility curves results, while 12 and 16-story frames show poor performance especially in IO level. The results indicated the SCED braces performance is generally better in lower-rise buildings.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2015

본고에서는 에너지절약 협력사업의 성과분석을 위한 평가지표를 개발하였다. 전문가 자문을 통해 사업계획, 사업집행 및 사업성과 등 단계별 성과분석을 위해서 평가지표를 제시하였다. 성과분석을 위한 주요 평가지표로 1) 계획단계의 사업 선정 및 평가기준, 목표와 계획의 구체성, 2) 프로그램 운영상 사업 추진방식의 체계화, 사업관리와 사후관리 내용 및 참여주체 선정내용, 3) 프로그램 추진성과의 목표달성여부, 참여자 만족도 등 효과성 등을 들 수 있다. 이와 같은 평가지표는 전문가 자문을 통해 수립단계의 적절성(4개 항목), 운영상의 집행성과(6개 항목), 사업성과의 효과성(5개 항목) 등의 평가지표를 설정하였다. 다만, 사업단계별 평가지표 이외에 협력사업에 대한 에너지절약 효과와 홍보활동 성과 등에 대한 평가지표를 포함하지 못한 제약을 안고 있다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.539-549
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• 2007

To establish effective and prompt measures for energy conservation in public wastewater treatment plants in Korea, energy consumption rates in 233 utilities in 9 provinces and 7 metropolitan cities are investigated and compared to the rest of the world. Mean load factor for wastewater treatment utilities is 74.9% and those for influent pumps and aeration blowers are 56.2% and 61.0%, respectively. Mean electrical energy usages as the key performance indicators are $0.243kWh/m^3$ for overall sewage treatments and 2.07 kWh per unit kg BOD removal. Digester gas as one of major byproducts in the process amounts to $382,000m^3/day$ nationwide. While major part of the digester gas is used for sludge heating, only 7.3% of the gas is utilized for electricity generation. Both efficiencies for BOD removal and digestion gas generation are considerably lower than those in USA and EU utilities due to low concentration of organic material in influent wastewater. Such low energy regeneration, in turn, results in significantly higher energy consumption in Korean plants, compared to that in USA and EU ones.