• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.522-528
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• 2007

A 3-year-old male Maltese dog(weighing 2.5 kg) was referred with an excessive movement of mandible and depression. Comprehensive diagnostic investigation revealed an end-stage of renal disease with secondary hyperparathyroidism. The renal allograft was performed after the condition of dog was stabilized by hemodialysis and medical treatment. After transplantation, the renal function of this dog was returned to normal. thereafter, the dog died suddenly without apparent clinical signs. The subsequent pathological studies revealed the actual etiology of death was not clearly identified However acute pancreatitis caused by abrupt introduction of food after prolonged luting might be involved in the etiology. This case study showed the necessity of pancreatic function test in postoperative management after renal transplantation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2013

Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in the pediatric heart failure population has a limited history especially for infants, and neonates. It has been increasingly recognized that there is a rapidly expanding population of children diagnosed and living with heart failure. This expanding population has resulted in increasing numbers of children with medically resistant end-stage heart failure. The traditional therapy for these children has been heart transplantation. However, children with heart failure unlike adults do not have symptoms until they present with end-stage heart failure and therefore, cannot safely wait for transplantation. Many of these children were bridged to heart transplantation utilizing extracorporeal membranous oxygenation as a bridge to transplant which has yielded poor results. As such, industry, clinicians, and the government have refocused interest in developing increasing numbers of MCS options for children living with heart failure as a bridge to transplantation and as a chronic therapy. In this review, we discuss MCS options for short and long-term support that are currently available for infants and children with end-stage heart failure.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.312-323
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• 2012

Planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or more planet gears, revolving about a sun gear. While the planetary gear system has many advantages- for example, high power density, large reduction in a small volume, multiple kinematic combinations, pure torsional reactions, and coaxial shafting, it has not been widely used because of its high bearing loads, inaccessibility, and design complexity. It is also necessary to shift several pairs of gear profiles at a same time. Therefore, designing profile shifted planetary gear system is a difficult and know-how dependent job. This study provides a practical solution to design a profile shifted gear system by the procedural design scheme, and proposes a bearing integrated structure of the dual stage profile shifted gear system with a robust output end. A dual stage profile shifted gear system with the bearing integrated structure is manufactured by the proposed design scheme in this study. This gear system is verified that it is good enough to commercialize, because it has high performance with high gear ratio and robust output end against axial and radial directional runouts in a small space.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2008

Depression is common in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD) and has a negative effect on the quality of life, functional ability, and mortality of the patients, with a prevalence rate as high as 20-25%. Especially, the increasing tendency of mortality in ESRD patients is associated with recent or current depression, and the suicide rate is also increased by depression in patients with ESRD. Therefore, accurate detection and appropriate treatment of depression is very important in ESRD patients. Also, a deferential diagnosis is needed concerning uremic symptoms and depression in ESRD patients. However, there has been little data so far particularly in terms of randomized clinical trials. This review focused on the recent knowledge of depression in ESRD, and could encourage clinical study and trials in this field.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.101-104
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• 2003

말기 폐기종 환자에 대한 치료로 폐이식이 가장 효과적인 방법으로 받아들여지고 있으나 장기 공여자를 구하기가 쉽지 않고 다른 장기에 비해 비교적 건강한 폐를 얻기가 매우 어려운데다가 키와 몸무게, 흉곽크기 등을 고려한 장기 크기의 적합성을 맞추기는 더욱 힘들다. 공여자의 폐가 절대적으로 부족한 상황에서 일측 폐이식술이 양측 폐이식술에 비해 많이 시행되고 있는 추세이며 수술 결과에 따른 장기 생존율에 있어서도 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 최근에는 폐이식 수술 시 흉곽크기 등을 고려한 장기 크기 측정보다는 기능적 기준으로서 나이, 성별, 키를 변수로 한 예측 총폐활량이 보다 적절한 평가방법으로 받아들여지고 있다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제17권3_4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to investigate the current status of the pain in and the dysfunction related to the musculoskeletal system experienced by patients with end-stage renal failure receiving hemodialysis. Methods: A questionnaire survey was given to 107 patients undergoing hemodialysis in M Hospital. The survey was conducted by using a brief pain inventory(BPI) to investigate the body parts in pain, degree of pain, difficulty in daily life, correlation with hemodialysis and the degree of satisfaction with their own health. Results: The investigation of the patients undergoing hemodialysis showed that 89(83.2%) of the 107 patients experienced pain in their musculoskeletal system. Their pain's incidence was highest in the knees(46.1%) and 68.5% of the patients reported that the most severe pain they had experienced within the past 24 hours was at a level between "moderate" and "severe." The limitation of daily life by pain is high most as 47.7% in the accomplishment of works. Conclusion: Most hemodialysis patients experience musculoskeletal related pain that affects their daily life. Hemodialysis patient management programs should include an assessment and management of such pain.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this descriptive study was to identify factors influencing quality of life among family caregivers of non-cancer patients at the end-of-life stage. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a questionnaire. Participants included 172 family caregivers caring for non-cancer patients. Data were collected from April to May 2016 and analyzed with descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a hierarchical regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: The mean of the participants' quality of life was 51.70±9.98. Factors influencing quality of life among family caregivers were spiritual care (𝛽=-.45, p=.021), coordination among family members or relatives (𝛽=-.27, p=.029), and psychological support (𝛽=-.04, p=.031). The explanatory power of the model was 21.0%. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that care needs; spiritual care, coordination among family members or relatives, and psychological support are important factors for family caregivers' quality of life. To improve quality of life among family caregivers who are taking care of non-cancer patients at the end-of-life stage, national systems establishing comprehensive support considering the respective care needs of patients are crucial.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.47-70
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper was to develop evaluation procedures for blended instruction, focusing on the courses that are currently offered in the university. This study analyzed current evaluation procedures and instruments and suggested redesign the evaluation process for blended instruction. The evaluation procedures are designed based on the combination of objective-oriented and consumer-oriented evaluation approaches. It includes three stages: front-end (screening), formative evaluation, and summative evaluation. During the front-end evaluation stage, information regarding students' technology skills and attitudes towards online instruction and classroom instruction are suggested to collect and plan the instructional strategies accordingly. The formative evaluation is conducted during the semester to collect students' opinions about the course and instructors modify their instruction based on the evaluation results. At the end of semester, summative evaluation is to be conducted to collect the data to improve the course. Evaluation questions and components for each stage are developed to collect the data such as students' perceptions of the course, the usefulness of online instructional materials, the effectiveness of blended learning strategies, and students' satisfaction with the course.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.168-178
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• 2001

Essential oil in tobacco leaves influences the taste and aroma of cigarette smoke and is important to tobacco quality. This study was conducted to investigate the change in the level of essential oil components during flue-curing process of two flue-cured tobaccos, NC82 and KEl14. Flue-curing process was divided by six steps; harvest stage, the end of yellowing stage, the middle of color fixing stage, the end of color fixing stage, the middle of midrib drying stage, full-cured stage. NC82 in each stage contained 0.28%, 0.30%, 0.35%, 0.36%, 0.40% and 0.42% essential oil, respectively, and KF114 were 0.29%, 0.31%, 0.34%, 0.36%, 0.39% and 0.41%, respectively. Almost all hydrocarbons on the basis of relative peak area were gradually increased in two varieties with curing, neophytadiene content in them was highest at the full-cured stage. Most of alcohols and esters with curing showed a declining trend, but benzyl alcohol was increased in two tobaccos. Ketones were largely increased at the midrib drying stage during the curing process, especially, the most largely increasing constituent was $\beta$-damascenone among them. The content of 2-butylterahydrofuran, heterocyclic compounds, was largely increased at tile color fixing stage. There was no considerable difference between NC82 and KFl14 at the GC profile of essential oil and the pattern of each components during flue-curing process.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1830-1831
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• 2006

In this paper, the search is conducted along each of the coordinate directions for finding the minimum. If $e_i$ is the unit vector along the coordinate direction i, we determine the value a, minimizing f(a)= $f(x+ae_i)$, where a is a real number. A move is made to the new point $x+a_ie_i$ at the end of the search along the direction i. In an n dimensional problem, we define the search along all the directions as one stage. The function value at the end of the stage is compared to the value at the beginning of the stage in establishing the convergence. The gradient appears to be zero at point. We can safeguard this by introducing an acceleration step of one additional step along the pattern direction developed by moves along the coordinate directions.