• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine the rightness of establishing the Essential Act of Landscape Architecture in Korea and to present the legal phase, the legislative system and the construction of a contents at the expected enactment of it. It is necessary to point out the problems of the various fields of landscape architecture and to propose the solutions of them. The contents of the study are as follows, 1 . The number of the regulations related to landscape architecture is a good reason for which the field of landscape architecture is worth being included to the positive law. 2. The problems by items(ordinance, engineer, contract, planning, design and supervision, construction, maintenance, plant and planting, material, aesthetics and sight, environmental conservation and ecology, right and penal regulations) to the domestic related regulations being at issue and the remedies for it shall be considered at the enactment of the Essential Act of Landscape Architecture. 3. The number of the domestic regulations being related to landscape architecture which have a term of\` the Essential Act∼\`is 5. 4. The Essential Act of Landscape Architecture is the separate Essential Act welch defines the scope of landscape architecture as construction works and controls the business essentially. 5. The meaning and character of the Essential Act of Landscape Architecture was examined and the reasons for that essential act were recognized in point of the legal, landscape architectural and educational systems. 6. The creation of new official landscape architectural organization is a reason to justify the enactment of the Essential Act of Landscape Architecture. 7. The legal phase, the legislative system and the construction of a contents of the Essential Act of Landscape Architecture ware presented and this act shall conform to such as the legal system of the Architectural Act, the Essential Act of the Construction Industry and so on. The result of this study will be the basic materials for the creation of the Essential Act of Landscape Architecture.

• Research in Mathematical Education
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.203-233
• /
• 2023

Recent international reform movements call for attention on modeling in mathematics classrooms. However, definitions and enactment principles are unclear in policy documents. In this case study, we investigated United States high-school mathematics teachers' experiences in a professional development program focused on modeling and its enactment in schools. Our findings share teachers' experiences around their discovery of different conceptualizations, appreciations, and conflicts as they envisioned incorporating modeling into classrooms. These experiences show how professional development can be designed to engage teachers with forms of modeling, and that those experiences can inspire them to consider modeling as an imperative feature of a mathematics program.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2016

Circulating various pieces of unlawful information that violate the law by leaking personal information or circulating violent/sexual materials or malignant programs in the cyberspace is unlawful, and blocking this beforehand is an important duty of the state. Preceding discussions on the legal restriction of unlawful information in the cyberspace have mostly been focused on the criminal responsibilities and civil responsibilities of information communications service providers, but this study has approached it with emphasis on the issue of police responsibility for the exercise of police authority to block unlawful information. It is because the principles of police responsibility to determine the target of police authority to block unlawful information provide the standards for the interpretation of existing laws and regulations and function as legislative principles for the enactment of new laws and regulations to prevent risks in the cyberspace.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.45-68
• /
• 2018

to apply standardized principles and methodologies to the appraisal of records because it is different for each country, region, and organization to distinguish what kind of records are important and how to select them. For this reason, numerous theories and methodologies have been proposed around the appraisal of records. ISO 15489-1:2016, on the other hand, has laid the groundwork for the standardization of the appraisal of records that are applicable globally in recent record management environments based on a new perspective on the appraisal of records. ISO 15489 presents the principles and methodology of records management that are consistent with the electronic record environment based on the record continuum theory, and the principles and methods on the appraisal of records presented in ISO 15489-1:2016 need to be analyzed in depth. This paper analyzes the concept and the logic of the appraisal of records presented in ISO 15489-1:2016 to find an improvement direction in accordance with the recent electronic record environment. For this purpose, it reviewed courses from the enactment of AS 4390 to the revision of ISO 15489 to understand the background of the appraisal principles of ISO 15489-1:2016. Based on this, the appraisal concepts and principles presented in ISO 15489-1:2016 were examined, and the process of the appraisal was analyzed.

• The Journal of Information Technology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.23-41
• /
• 2004

It is estimated that electronic commerce facilitates international trade and lower transaction cost and help firms make the best of the opportunities of market access. The comprehensive programs had been implemented to provide better electronic commerce environments by international organizations such as OECD, UNCITRAL, APEC, ICC and etc. Especially, WTO plays the most important role to implement efficient forms and rules on electronic commerce after Doha Ministerial Conference. Member countries recognize the need to conduct the electronic commerce in compliance with the principles and rules of WTO. However, there are many issues to be solved such as the clarifications of concepts and definitions, the possibility of adaptation of technological neutrality in GATS, the imposition of taxation in electronic commerce transactions and the methods of protecting copying as well as trademark. The Implementation of concrete forms and rules of electronic commerce in the WTO will be influential to international trade as the member countries have to adapt them in their transactions. Considering that further discussion will be continued in GATS, we need to analyze the problems and strategies for electronic commerce. As there are not concrete international laws for e-commerce, the existing laws must be revised and changed and each country need to present the enactment direction of e-commerce law to streamline e-commerce and to prevent trading partners from conflicting due to legal problems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2007.12a
• /
• pp.51-55
• /
• 2007

This thesis deals with the legal principles, case law decisions and suggestions for the Sale & Purchase of ships concerning enactment proposal of maritime law. Recently, the shipbuilding market has shown a major shift towards East Asia, particularly Korea, Japan and China. The major Korean shipyards in particular have engaged in substantial investment programmes both to expand their overall shipbuilding capacity and to enter new markets, such as for liquefied natural gas(LNG) carriers. The Korean Government has recently taken interest in the sale & purchase of used ships, utilizing the Internet and has made plans for building the Shipping Exchange in korea. So this thesis examines the situation of the world's shipping industry and the different kinds of the Sale & Purchase of ships. deals with the legal principles, and case law decisions. describes Forms of Shipbuilding Contracts and Memorandums of Agreement of second-hand ships. And makes suggestions for 1) the Shipbuilding Contracts of the shipowner's Association of Korea and 2) The Korean Shipbrokers' Association's Memorandum of Agreement for Ship Sale & Purchase in the korean shipping industry. Having reached the end of this thesis. the writer suggests to make terms of sale of ships in the korean civil code and commercial code, Additionally. the writer suggests to make a special law in relation to the Sale & Purchase of ships. Furthermore, the writer suggests expanding the Shipping Exchange in Korea.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.115-126
• /
• 2022

This study studied the working relationship between national crisis management and national defense elements from a comprehensive security perspective. The elements of national defense are presented in the Integrated Defense Act. Therefore, by presenting the principles, problems, and alternatives of integrated defense, the study was conducted with the aim of protecting the lives and property of the people in the event of a national crisis and strengthen national security. As a theoretical background, an analysis frame was envisioned based on the four stages of crisis management in the 'Comprehensive Crisis Management Model' and the 'Basic Guidelines for National Crisis Management'. Through this, four domestic and foreign case studies were conducted. As a result of the study, it can be confirmed that related laws, organizations, and public awareness must be provided in order for the national defense elements at each stage of national crisis management to work well. For the completeness of national crisis management, it was suggested that the enactment of the Framework Act on National Crisis Management, the establishment of an integrated defense plan, linked training, C4I for communication, strengthening the capabilities of local government heads, and national defense elements of firefighters.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.131-155
• /
• 2011

PICC executes its role as a useful lex mercatoria in the continuously increasing international trade to be adopted as the standard criterion of prevention or dispute resolution. When considering the fact that GISG has not presented results beyond expectation in the past due to hard laws and legal deficiency, PICC, which possesses interpretation and supplementation function, is considered undoubtedly useful particularly in international commercial arbitration. As observed in the previously mentioned analysis on cases accumulated in UNILEX, PICC application and Arbitral tribunal in international contract between parties possess considerably large claim possibility and the number of actual application cases is continuously increasing. The fact that PICC has been composed as maximum common measures of continental and common law systems by traditional comparative legal scholars familiar with international trade can function as the fundamental principle in future global trade activity and can also act as the model law for uniting contract laws of nations. In this aspect, PICC can be evaluated to have considerably achieved enactment purpose of previous intention. However, additional topics that had not been accepted in the revised edition of PICC remain as assignments requiring solution, such as analysis and acceptance problem of comparative law, PR of PICC unfamiliar even to the relative parties of international trade and application in international contract, and absorption problem as model law in various domestic laws.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.209-213
• /
• 2011

Enforcement Decree of the Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth for achieving the country's GHG emission reduction goal of 30% was in effect. The remarkable content of the Act is the managements of targets for GHG reduction. So, the entities that have reduced voluntarily have much interest in the recognition of 'early action'. The recognition of early action is necessary to induce the fair competence of business entities and promote the voluntary GHG reduction. The definite and concrete guidance should be prepared. The important principles for this are the environmental integrity and the additionality. Based on this, the early action activities must be restricted to the voluntary, real, permanent, quantifiable, verifiable reduction. In the early action recognition, its credit should be allocated additionally set aside from the GHG target allocation in the national total allowance. Through this, the reward for the early reduction should be realized on market mechanism. The effective period to award the early action should be addressed. This can be the period after the enactment of framework on GHG reduction in effect and before the beginning year of GHG target control. It should be set with flexibility through the collection and consultation of the sector's opinions. The appropriate allowance reserve of early action was estimated as approximately 1~1.5% by using the data from the 'Pilot GHG Emission Trading Program' operated by Ministry of Environment. Also, the concrete and detail guidance to construct the necessary infra which is used to register the related information of early action activities should be prepared.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.315-324
• /
• 2016

The relevant ministries, including the Ministry of Environment in Korea, provided Post-2020 Long-term Mitigation Target and Implementation Plan. The plan consisted of four Business As Usual (BAU) reduction levels by 14.7%, 19.2%, 25.7%, and 31.3% until 2030. The Korean government finalized the mitigation target of 37%. But all the initial alternatives were below the goal, 30% from BAU, that has been promised to the international community as well as set out in the Framework Act on Low Carbon Green Growth. In order to achieve a specific goal, performance management should pursue "Justify doing the right things." Otherwise, performance management would not work properly. According to Kingdon's Policy Stream Framework, abnormal alternatives are difficult to be presented as scenarios because alternative building should focus on the role of the need to adhere to the basic principles and professionals. Such a result is possible only when the policy actors does not balance themselves. Performance management statistics has been analyzed by 6 years CCPI data since 2011, taking into account the impact after enactment. This study also has been complemented by a variety of sources, including the media, documents, and artifacts during the period. As a result, raising awareness about climate change was analyzed as one of the solutions because the climate change issue affects the normal performance management throughout the life of the people to stay linked to the environment.