• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.457-461
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 단백질과 기름의 농도가 분리대두단백질의 유화안정성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 특히 유화안정성과 에멀젼의 기름입자크기 및 점도와의 상관관계를 구명하였으며, 또한 유화과정 중 단백질이 물과 기름 사이의 계면에 흡착하는 현상을 조사하였다. 단백질의 농도가 증가할수록 기름입자의 크기는 감소하고 점도는 증가하여 결과적으로 유화안정성이 증가하였다. 반면에 기름농도가 증가한 경우 기름입자의 크기와 점도가 모두 증가하였으며, 이 경우에는 두 요인의 상대적인 지배정도에 따라 에멀젼의 유화안정성이 결정되었다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.943-949
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• 2009

A highly dispersed W/O emulsion of silicone oil (cyclomethicone)/water system was prepared with a nonionic surfactant. The surface and interfacial tension between the oil and water were characterized in terms of the droplet size distribution and viscosity change of the emulsion. When the dispersed phase concentration was relatively high, the viscosity of the emulsion was rapidly increased and the droplet size of the emulsion was decreased. The rheological behavior of the emulsion system showed non-Newtonian and shear thinning phenomena depending upon the content of the dispersed phase. The droplet size of the emulsion was decreased with increasing surfactant content and water concentration. The relative viscosity of the emulsion was better predicted with the Choi-Schowalter model than with the Taylor model. The value of the complex modulus increased with increasing surfactant concentration. The linear viscoelastic region was expanded with a dispersed phase concentration. According to the change in the viscosity, the behavior was classified into three distinct regions: [I] linear viscoelastic, [II] partially viscoelastic, and [III] viscous. The creep/recovery behaviors in each region were characterized.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 고농도의 쿼세틴을 함유하는 안정한 나노에멀젼의 조성을 찾고 POE (30) hydrogenated castor oil (HCO-30)/오일/쿼세틴/에탄올/물로 이루어진 나노에멀젼에 대한 에탄올의 영향을 연구하였다. 나노에멀젼은 저에너지법인 emulsion inversion point (EIP) 법과 고에너지법인 균질기(homogenizer)를 병합하여 제조하였다. 나노에멀젼에 대한 에탄올과 다른 성분들의 영향을 평가하기 위해 입자 크기, 에멀젼의 형태, 그리고 입자 분포와 같은 물리적 특성을 조사하였다. 나노에멀젼에 대한 쿼세틴의 최적 농도는 0.2 %였다. 계면활성제인 POE (30) hydogenated castor oil (HCO-30) 농도에 따른 나노에멀젼의 입자 크기를 보면, 2.00 %부터는 에멀젼의 입자 크기는 300 nm 이하였으며 HCO-30을 4.75 % 함유하는 나노에멀젼이 가장 안정하고 입자 크기도 172.40 nm로 나타났다. 마지막으로 에탄올 4.00 %를 함유한 나노에멀젼의 입자 크기는 128.15 nm이고 입도 분포 또한 좁게 나타났다. 나노에멀젼의 불안정화 과정은 Ostwald ripening에 의한 것으로 보여진다. 나노에멀젼에 대한 에탄올의 영향을 연구함으로써 소량의 에탄올을 이용하여 약물의 봉입률을 증가시킬 수 있으며, 안정한 나노에멀젼을 만듦으로써 스킨 로션, 에센스 및 향수와 같은 화장품과 제약 등에 응용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.370-379
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• 2004

Highly crosslinked micron-size monodispersed PMMA/PDVB and PS/PDVB particles were prepared using seeded multi-stage emulsion polymerization. PMMA and PS seed particles were synthesized by seeded multi-stage emulsion polymerization and soap-free emulsion polymerization. Then PMMA/PDVB and PS/PDVB particles were obtained using semi-batch type emulsion polymerized using divinyl benzene as a cross-linkable monomer in the presence of seed particles. PMMA particles with size of ca. 730 nm and polydispersity of 1.03 were successfully prepared in this experiment. PS particles with size of ca. 1.5 ${\mu}m$ and polydispersity of 1.01 were prepared in this experiment. Highly crosslinked PS/PDVB particles with size of ca. 1.3 ${\mu}m$ and polydispersity of 1.00 were obtained.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 1999

Silicone oil has organic and inorganic properties, and its skeleton is polysiloxane bonding that silicon is bonded hydrogen or organic group. Silicone compounds are very smooth and lubricant properties by low surface tension, low temperature dependence, and nonadhesive properties. Because of these properties, silicone compounds are used as many parts of chemicals, softener, smooth and libricant agents, water-repellent agent, and defoaming agent, etc. Emulsion was prepared with the inversion emulsification method which adopted the agent-in-oil method dissolving the polyoxyethylene(7) tridecyl ether(HLB 12.2) into methoxy terminated poly(dimethyl-co-methyl amino) siloxane and hydroxy terminated poly(dimethyl-co-methyl amino) siloxane in water. At this time, processed emulsion was almost microemulsion. When ratio of emulsifier increases, emulsion is stable bacuause microemulsion is solubilized by emulsion drop size and zeta-potential are decreased. But, when amount of electrolyte is increase, emulsion became unstable because emulsion drop size is increased.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.779-789
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• 2013

This study aimed to investigate the emulsifying properties of bovine lactoferrin in food emulsion system. First, lactoferrin solution was prepared to study its surface activities, such as surface adsorption characteristics and ${\zeta}$-potential. Second, some physicochemical properties of lactoferrin emulsion which resulted from variations of environmental conditions (i.e., pH or NaCl addition) were determined. As for surface adsorption characteristics evaluated by surface tension, it was decreased with increasing lactoferrin concentration in solution ($1{\times}10^{-5}{\rightarrow}0.2wt%$) and showed a plateau (${\fallingdotseq}44$mN/m) above 0.01 wt%. It was also changed with pH and the minimum value of 53.8 mM/m was observed at pI of lactoferrin. This was related to changes in ${\zeta}$-potential of the lactoferrin solution with respect to pH. Fat globule size of lactoferrin emulsion was decreased with increasing lactoferrin concentration and a stable emulsion was formed above 0.5 wt% lactoferrin in emulsion with fat globule size $d_{32}$ of ca. 0.33 ${\mu}m$ as confirmed by creaming stability experiment (i.e., Turbiscan). As with surface tension, fat globule size of lactoferrin emulsion also changed with pH and showed a maximum value at pI. As evaluated by Turbiscan, in the presence of NaCl, the lactoferrin emulsion showed instability in particular above 10 mM.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

The W/O emulsion was formed by mixing hydrophobic nonion surfactants of span 80 and tween 60 with kerosine, and by adding sodium silicate aqueous solution. Precipitating the W/O emulsion by sodium bicarbonate resulted in spherical silica particles. Shape and size distribution of silica particles were observed. The particles were spherical and they have narrow size distribution. Particle sizes were 9.29, 7.39 and $5.73\;{\mu}m$ at homogenizer speed of 2500, 3000, and 3500 rpm, respectively. The particle size was decreased by increasing agitation speed due to the formation of emulsion droplet. At fixed agitation speed, absorbed paraffin oil weight were measured and the $SiO_2/Na_2O$ mole ratio effects on particle size were investigated. Particle size was decreased by increasing the mole ratio of $SiO_2/Na_2O$.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2017

In this paper, we proposed an emulsification method without using an emulsifier and investigated the effects of particle size distribution in fluids on dispersion stability. Surfactant-free oil in water emulsion was prepared with 1 % (w/w) of olive oil by using high speed agitation, high pressure and ultrasonic dispersion methods. The particle size, microscopic observation, and dispersion stability of each sample were evaluated and dispersion stability according to various dispersion methods was compared. As a result, the emulsion dispersed by the ultrasonic dispersion method showed the smallest particle size and uniform distribution of $0.07{\sim} 0.3{\mu}m$ and was the most stable in a 7 days stability evaluation. In the above experiment, four olive oil emulsions having different particle sizes were prepared using ultrasonic dispersion technology that was capable of producing stable emulsions. The dispersion stability of each samples with oil droplet sizes of (A) 0.1 to $0.5{\mu}m$, (B) 0.3 to $4{\mu}m$, (C) 1 to $10.5{\mu}m$ and (D) 2 to $120{\mu}m$, was observed for 7 days, and the relationship between the stability and performance was studied. Emulsion (A) with particle size less than $0.5{\mu}m$ displayed the dispersion stability showing below 5 % change in a 7 days stability evaluation. In the case of (B), (C), and (D) that had larger particle than $0.5{\mu}m$, the changes of dispersion stability were 10 %, 13 % and 35 % respectively. From these results, it was proved that dispersion stability of emulsion with uniform particle size of $0.5{\mu}m$ or less was confirmed to be very stable.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제67권
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• pp.123-131
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• 2018

Using mixed nonionic surfactants Span/Tween, we investigated the effects of HLB value on the O/W emulsion stability and rheological behaviors. In this study, MS-01 (Span 60 & Tween 60) and MS-02 (Span 80 & Tween 80) was used as mixed nonionic surfactants. We considered required HLB value 10.85 and selected corresponding HLB value range 8-13. The droplet size distributions, droplet morphology, rheological properties, zeta-potential and creaming index of the emulsion samples were obtained to understand the mechanism and interaction of droplets in O/W emulsion. The results indicated that optimal HLB number for O/W emulsions was 10.8 and 10.7, while using MS-01 surfactant and MS-02 surfactant respectively. MS-01 (HLB = 10.8) sample and MS-02 (HLB = 10.7) sample showed smallest droplet size and highest zeta-potential value. Rheological properties are measured to understand rheological behaviors of emulsion samples. All emulsion samples showed no phase separation until 30 days storage time at $25^{\circ}C$.

• 공업화학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2006

Methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-hydroxy ethylmethacrylate (2-HEMA), n-butyl acrylate (n-BA) acrylic acid (AAc)를 아크릴레이트 단량체로 사용하고 친수성기인 카르복실 말단기를 갖는 수분산성 폴리우레탄을 시드로 하여 시드중합 방법을 이용한 폴리우레탄 아크릴레이트 하이브리드 에멀젼을 합성하였다. 합성된 혼성 에멀젼의 입자경과 폴리우레탄 수분산체의 입자경과 단독 아크릴레이트 에멀젼의 입자경 그리고 수분산 폴리우레탄과 아크릴레이트 에멀젼을 기계적으로 브랜드한 혼합물의 입자경을 입도 분석기를 이용하여 입자의 크기 및 분포를 측정하였고 하이브리드한 에멀젼은 기계적으로 브랜드한 에멀젼보다 평균입자경이 큰 것을 알 수 있었다 그리고 수분기 용매에 대한 팽윤을 비교 분석하였다. 또한 물리 화학적 물성을 개선하기 위하여 폴리우레탄 아크릴레이트 하이브리드 에멀젼에 멜라민 포름알데히드 경화제의 첨가에 따른 효과를 비교하였다.