• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.399-429
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• 2009

The purpose of this research examines the factors that influence happiness among Korean adolescents by focusing on psychological resource (as measured by self-efficacy), relational resource (as measured by social support) and financial resource (as measured by family's monthly income). In addition, the influence of academic achievement on happiness is examined. To examine the influence of socio-economic status and family's monthly income, adolescents living in three different districts in Seoul (from working to middle to upper class districts) were randomly selected and interviewed in their home. A total of 190 elementary school, middle school, high school and university students (male=83, female=107) completed the resiliency of efficacy scale developed by Bandura (1995) and emotional support and happiness scale developed by the present researchers, in addition to background information. The results of the path analysis are as follows. First, the most important predictor of happiness among Korean adolescents is relational resources. In other words, emotional support received from significant others was most predictive of happiness; more than 60 times the effect of family's monthly income, three times the effect of academic achievement, and two times the effect of resiliency of efficacy. The second most important factor that predicted the happiness of Korean adolescents was psychological resource (i.e., resiliency of efficacy), which had 30 times the effect of family's monthly income. In addition resiliency of efficacy played a mediating role between emotional support on one hand and happiness on the other. Third, those respondents who had higher academic achievement reported higher levels of happiness, which had 20 times the effect of family's monthly income. Fourth, family monthly income did not predict happiness among Korean adolescents. Fifth, socio-economic status and school level did not have direct influence on happiness but had mediating influence through their influence on emotional support. In other words, those respondents with higher socio-economic status and elementary school students were more likely to receive social support from significant others, which in turn increased their happiness. These results indicate that the most important predictor of happiness among Korean adolescents is emotional support, followed by resiliency of effic acy and academic achievement, indicating that those adolescents from wealthy families are not necessarily happier.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.207-220
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• 2015

This study empirically analyzed the effects of Emotional Intelligence and work-family conflict on organizational effectiveness such as job performance and turnover in the advertising industry. Analysis results showed that emotional intelligence a significant impact in part on job performance and turnover intention. In particular, the more use of emotion is higher job performance, and the more regulation of emotion is lower turnover intention. Second, work-family conflict is proved on a partially significant impact on organizational effectiveness, and especially family conflicts caused by works was found to increase the degree of turnover. The results of this study suggest that the need for the establishment of appropriate systems and organizational culture which can increase emotional intelligence and reduce family conflict for performance and human resource management of the organization.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.467-477
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of nursing emotional labor, role conflict, and reciprocity on turnover intention in comprehensive nursing care wards nurses. 209 nurses working in comprehensive nursing care wards across 13 hospitals in G and M city participated in this study. Data were analyzed descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. As a result, the research model explained 52.9%(F=14.458, p<.001) of intention to turnover. The most significant factor affecting turnover intention was emotional labor(β=.311), followed by reciprocity and role conflict. Therefore, it is necessary to devices and guidelines to protect nurses who encounter various situations in the process of emotional labor, and to implement a human resource management system that can maintain friendly and equal relationships.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.486-496
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• 2018

Customer incivility is an important stress factor employees performing service tasks, and this is equally true for employees who perform civil affairs services. The purpose of this study is to investigate the negative effects of adverse customer behavior and ways to reduce it. This study adopts the Conservation of Resource (COR) theory in order to examine customer incivility. This study predicts that customer incivility will negative emotions and eventually lead to emotional exhaustion in employees. We also predict that social support (organizational support, supervisor support, coworker support) perceived by employees would moderate the relationship between customer incivility and negative emotions. This study is based on 481 questionnaires collected from public officials. The results are as follows: First, customer incivility causes negative emotions. Second, negative emotions mediate the relationship between customer incivility and emotional exhaustion. Third, the relationship between customer incivility and negative emotions showed moderating effects on the perception of organizational support which is one of three types of social support. Based on the results of this study, implications, limitations, and future direction of research are suggested.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.227-243
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• 2017

This study aims to explore older adults' experiences on cognitive and physical barriers and emotional changes of interactions from their health information seeking. Total of 10 older adults aged 65 or more were individually interviewed. The results show that the older adults may experience more difficulty from the perspectives on cognitive and physical barriers. The cognitive barriers are to: 1) know information resource and information search skills, 2) to choose relevant information, and 3) to know information search tools. The physical barriers for them to consider are eyes, hands, legs, and the whole body when accessing health information. In terms of emotion, the older adults express curiosity and negative emotion and at the beginning of the search and then they have more emotional expressions in the middle, and then they express positive emotion at the end of the search. The results suggest that information professionals should consider library as a connection to help them reduce these barriers and stabilize emotional changes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.41-56
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• 2000

This study focused on the effects of family, individual characteristics of adolescents and coping behaviors on adolescent runaway. The major findings were as follows: 1. Adolescent who had higher level of family violence, lower level of communication with parent, family cohesion and adaptability, and resource adequacy perception reported higher scores in runaway. 2. Adolescents who had higher level of emotional distress, lower level of self-esteem and self-control tended to have higher scores in runaway. 3. There was a significant difference in adolescent runaway according to coping behavior styles. 4. Maladaptive coping behaviors were significantly associated with the runaway adolescent group. 5. Adaptive coping behaviors were not associated with both runaways and non-runaways group. 6. Communication with father had a direct effect on adolescent runaway and also indirect effects through emotional stress and maladaptive coping behavior. 7. Maladaptive coping behaviors had a direct effect on adolescent runaway but adaptive coping behavior had no effect. 8. Emotional stress had an indirect effect through maladaptive coping behavior on adolescent runaway. 9. Communication with father had a direct effect and an indirect effect through self-esteem of adolescents on the adaptive coping behavior. 10. Family adaptability had a direct effect on the adaptive coping behavior.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.277-285
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• 2023

The purpose of this paper is to understand and express emotions and experiences from the perspective of others through empathy, which is crucial for maintaining social relationships. The smooth formation of interpersonal relationships through the physical activity of children with disabilities holds significant meaning. Children with disabilities often lack opportunities for interaction with their peers compared to typical children, and the absence of effective communication methods poses difficulties in forming relationships. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a movement education program on enhancing empathy in children with disabilities. The program was implemented for 12 weeks from April to June 2023, involving five children with disabilities. The movement education program comprised 12 topics, encompassing physical, emotional, and cognitive domains. Empathy was measured in two areas: cognitive empathy and emotional empathy. The results indicated improvement in both cognitive and emotional empathy after the program compared to the pre-assessment. The rate of progress varied depending on the type and severity of the disability, but overall, positive changes in the development of empathy were observed. Through this research, it is hoped that movement programs can be practically utilized as a valuable resource.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.107-122
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• 1999

Based on the theoretical framework of the Double ABCX model of family stress and adaptation, this study was to analysis the causal relationships of stressors (psychological sexual, and physical wife abuse), personal resources (self-efficacy and self-esteem) and social support(emotional and informational support), appraisal(positive appraisal and downward comparisons) with adaptation (psychological well-being and somatic symptoms). Self-administered questionnaire method was used to collect data from 264 wives residing in Chonbuk-do and Kyonggi-do area. The causal model was tested and modified by the maximum likelihood method using UISREL 7 program. Results showed that wife abuse had effect on adaptation indirectly through the latent variables of personal resource and appraisal, which influenced the adaptation directly. In addition, social support indirectly affect the adaptation through personal resource and appraisal. It was also found that all these variables explained 27.6% of the total variance of wives'adaptation, and that personal resources was the most powerful variable in predicting the adaptation of the wives.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.41-59
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• 2009

The purpose of this ethnography is to describe and analyze the wild-goose mother's everyday life, her family relationships, and her social networking. Thirteen mothers from New York, California, and Texas, U.S.A., were interviewed with an unstructured questionnaire. Their residency and everyday schedules are arranged around the children's educational conditions. They have experienced difficult relationships with Korean American immigrants, Korean students, other wild-goose mothers, and Americans. They have failed to develop their social capital effectively due to the language barrier and a cultural capital deficiency. As a kind of family strategy, this separation sometimes strengthens the spousal relationship, preventing divorce, but usually weakens the emotional ties and quality of communication between husband and wife. The acculturation gap between the mother and her children may cause the mother to become alienated and exacerbate the generational conflict.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.107-118
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• 2019

Purpose - The present study examines the effect of service employees' experienced customer incivility through their emotional exhaustion. We identified service employees' emotion regulation ability as a boundary condition (i.e., moderating variable) that decreased the positive relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, we also investigated the negative relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their service performance via emotional exhaustion. Research design, data, and methodology - Drawing on AET (affective event theory) and COR (conservation of resources) theory, we developed three research hypotheses (i.e., mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation). Online panel survey data from 552 frontline employees at several service organizations (e.g., department stores, retail stores, hotels, restaurants, airlines, banking, insurance company, and etc) in South Korea were examined. To assess two types of validity (i.e., convergent and discriminant validity) and reliability of measurement model, we employed the CFA (confirmatory factor analysis) using M-plus 8.2 software. Internal consistency also was tested by Cronbach' α. In addition, we employed the SPSS PROCESS MACRO 2.16, which was recommended by Hayes (2013, 2015), to estimate mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation effects. Results - As predicted, the negative relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their service performance was mediated by emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, service employees' emotion regulation ability also played a significant moderating role of the relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and emotional exhaustion, such that this relationship was less pronounced when service employees had a high level of their emotion regulation ability than when thir emotion regulation ability was low. Service employees' emotion regulation ability further moderated this mediation effect of service employees' experienced customer incivility on service performance through emotional exhaustion. These findings have theoretical implications for employees' experienced customer incivility and emotion regulation ability research and provide managerial implications for practitioners. Conclusions - This study empirically elaborated the previous model of service employees' experienced customer incivility and personal resource (e.g., emotion regulation ability) literature by presenting the findings that service employees' experienced customer incivility influences their service performance via emotional exhaustion and that emotion regulation ability effectively reduces this negative effect.