• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2012

Purpose - The entry of Super Supermarkets (SSM), operated by large corporations, into the retail distribution market weakens the competitive power of local supermarkets (SM) and their families leading to a rapid collapse of the local-SM market. Accordingly, this is a very sensitive and urgent issue in Korean society and politics. Therefore, the government is required to take steps to activate a local-SM market and regain the loyalty of their customers. However, in spite of the urgent need of a comparative study on the advantages and competitive power of local-SM in relation to the SSM, little research has been done on this issue to date. One purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in store characteristics of the local SM and SSM, and to explore the relationships amongst various store characteristics, such as consumption emotion, relation quality, and store loyalty between store types to provide an efficient solution to activate a local-SM market. Research design, data, methodology - To analyze the differences in the evaluation of store characteristics between store types, and to test the moderator and mediator effects, data were collected from 488 customers in Seoul, Incheon,and Gyeonggi Province. The theoretical model consists of four hypotheses, and data was processed to test these using factor analysis, t-test, regression analysis, hierarchical regression, and the three step regression proposed by Baron and Kenny. Results - First, the analysis shows that local-SM customers evaluate location characteristic factors significantly higher compared to SSM customers. However, SSM customers evaluate quality of merchandise, sales promotion activities, and store environment significantly higher. Yet, there are no significant differences in the evaluation of consumption emotion, relation quality,and store loyalty between the store types. Second, the analysis of moderator effects of the store type show that sales promotion and store atmosphere factors have a significantly negative moderating effecton positive consumption emotion, while positive consumption emotion has a significantly positive moderating effect on absorption of relation quality, while there are no significant moderating effects between consumption emotion and store loyalty. Third, while both trust and absorption of relation quality are partially mediated between consumption emotion and store loyalty, only absorption is partially mediated between positive consumption emotion and store loyalty. There are no significant mediating effects of absorption between negative consumption emotion and store loyalty. Conclusions - We strongly recommend that location restrictions on entrance of SSM into local-SM market should either be further strengthened or sustained for the activation of the local store market. Government should strengthen financial support to improve the quality of merchandise, sales promotion, employee education, store environment of the local-SM by providing appropriate business consulting. Moreover, the result implies that the owners of alocal-SM should take measures to increase customers' absorption and store loyalty, such as store cleanliness, maintaining a delightful atmosphere at the store, and training employees on attitudes towards customers. As this study is restricted within Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi Province, care needs to be taken in generalizing the interpretation and application to the national level.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제12권
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• pp.135-154
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• 2003

본 연구는 의료서비스이용자의 편의성을 증대시키기 위하여 의료서비스접점에서 물리적 환경과 공정성, 그리고 지각된 대기시간이 매개변수인 서비스품질평가와 부정적 감정을 통하여 재이용의도에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 조사 분석하였다. 특히 의료서비스에서 물리적환경과 공정성이 부정적 감정에 어떠한 영향이 미치는지를 처음으로 확인하고자 시도하였다. 연구결과 의료서비스접점에서 첫째, 물리적환경요인은 서비스품질평가에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 부정적인 감정은 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 공정성은 서비스품질평가나 부정적인 감정에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었으며, 셋째, 지각된 대기시간은 서비스품질을 낮추고 부정적 감정은 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 서비스품질은 재이용의도에 긍정적 영흥를 미치고 있으나, 부정적 감정은 재이용 의도에 영향을 미치지 않고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 의료서비스도 물리적환경의 중요성이 증가 하고, 대기시간의 단축노력이 필요하다. 또한 부정적 감정은 재이용의도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으나 의료서비스의 특수성에 따른 전환장벽이 해결될 경우 이탈가능성이 존재하고 있으므로 부정적 감정의 최소화를 위한 노력이 요구된다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제62호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2007

This study investigated the perception of emotional voices by transplanting some or all of the prosodic aspects, i.e. pitch, duration, and intensity, of the utterances produced with emotional voices onto those with normal voices and vice versa. Listening evaluation by 24 raters revealed that prosodic effect was greater than segmental & vocal quality effect on the preception of the emotion. The degree of influence of prosody and that of segments & vocal quality varied according to the type of emotion. As for fear, prosodic elements had far greater influence than segmental & vocal quality elements whereas segmental and vocal elements had as much effect as prosody on the perception of happy voices. Different amount of contribution to the perception of emotion was found among prosodic features with the descending order of pitch, duration and intensity. As for the length of the utterances, the perception of emotion was more effective with long utterances than with short utterances.

• 감성과학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 TV 화질에 대한 사용자들의 심리적 특성을 평가하기 위한 화질평가척도를 개발하고, TV 화질의 심리 특성과 물리적 특성의 관계를 확인하는 것이다. TV 화질과 관련된 형용사 152개 중 집단설문(남녀 대학생 80명)을 통하여 TV 화질을 잘 표현하는 형용사로 19개의 형용사를 선정하였다. 선정된 형용사는 다음과 같다; '깔끔하다-지저분하다', '깨끗하다-더럽다', '산뜻하다-침울하다', '편안하다-긴장된다', '매끄럽다-거칠다', '밝다-어둡다', '화려하다-수수하다', '변화스럽다-단조롭다', '자연스럽다', '감각적이다', '만족스럽다'. 126명의 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 이들 형용사의 유사성 평정을 실시하고, 유사성 점수에 대하여 요인분석(주성분분석, oblique 회전)을 실시한 결과, '깔끔함' 차원과 '화려함' 차원으로 분류되었다. 그리고 31명의 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 TV 화질에 대한 감성과 물리적 특성과의 관계를 확인하였다. 그 결과 TV 화질에 대한 감성 형용사들은 밝기, 명암, 색농도와 색상의 변화에는 민감하였으나, 선명도의 변화에는 민감하지 않은 것으로 나타났다.

• 감성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.107-121
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 생활용품이면서 의복과 함께 생활필수품인 신발을 대상으로 감성만족도 요소의 추출과 분류체계를 개발하였다. 제화류의 감성만족도 요소는 감각성(sense), 적합성(fitness), 묘사성(description), 평가성(evaluation), 선호성(attitude)의 5개 그룹으로 구성되었으며, 각 그룹에는 형태감, 볼륨감 등 29개 요소가 포함되었다. 이들 중에서 일반 제화의 평가에 적합한 요소들로 형태감, 볼륨감, 균형감, 색감, 인체적합성, 안락성, 안정성, 여유성, 개념적 이미지, 품위감, 고급감, 조화감, 견고성, 주목성, 간편성, 신뢰성, 선호도, 수용도, 만족성, 매력성 등 20개의 요소들을 선택하여 이들에 대한 평가양식을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 감성만족도 요소는 제화류의 고객만족도 평가 모델링에서 종속변수로 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2022

Purpose: Service quality is a topic of constant interest in marketing research and practitioners. Service quality is an important factor influencing performance even in the context of coffee shops, and research on service quality management strategies continues by coffee shop researchers and practitioners. The service quality of coffee shops is a source of competitive advantage and is an important factor in enhancing customer and business performance. This study aims to identify the effects of cognitive evaluation on emotional and behavioral responses using a cognitive-emotional-behavioral framework and SOR model in the coffee shop context. Cognitive evaluation (service quality) consists of tangibles, responsiveness, assurance, reliability, and empathy dimensions. Research design, data, and methodology: In the proposed model, positive and negative emotions and satisfaction mediate the relationship between service quality and money to spend and visit frequency. The data were collected from customers who visited a coffee shop within the last 1 month. The survey was conducted for about one month. Among a total of 300 distributed questionnaires 261 responses were used for data analysis. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, measurement model analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis with SPSS 28.0 and SmartPLS 4.0. Results: Tangibles, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy had significant positive effects on positive emotion, while only reliability had a significant negative effect on negative emotion. Both positive and negative emotions had significant positive effects on customer satisfaction, but not on money to spend and visit frequency. Lastly, customer satisfaction had significant positive effects on money to spend and visit frequency. Conclusions: The study revealed the relative weight of cognitive factors on customer emotions and confirmed the validity of SOR model. The fact that tangibility is the most important factor in increasing positive emotions and reliability is the most important factor in reducing negative emotions provides a direction for emotional branding strategies using the service quality mix of coffee shops. This study confirmed the full mediating role of satisfaction between positive and negative emotions and consumer behaviors (money to spend and visit frequency). This infers that when a coffee shop increases customer satisfaction through customer emotion management, the customer's money to spend and visit frequency in the coffee shop increases.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2014

Purpose - PB (Private Brand) refers to the product for which the distribution company plans the production independently, consigns the production to the manufacturer, or attaches the self-developed trademark and sells it. To reinforce competitiveness in such a market environment, diverse products development, systematic management activities, and marketing efforts to analyze and understand the consumers' behavior regarding PB products are emphasized. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationships among PB product attributes, consumption emotion, brand attitude, and brand loyalty in general supermarkets. First, PB product attributes were defined using the five categories of perceived price, store image, familiarity, perceived service, and perceived quality, based on preceding studies. This study examined the influence of PB product attributes on consumption. Further, this study examined the relation among consumption emotion, brand attitude, and brand loyalty. This study provides more detailed and concentrated strategic implications. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, the research model was designed to examine the relation among PB product attributes, consumption emotion, brand attitude, and brand loyalty. For the data collection method, the questionnaire survey comprised multiple items for each component and the direct interview method was employed. To collect data, the questionnaire survey was conducted for customers who personally visited the general supermarket after verifying the PB product purchase experience. The questionnaire survey was performed for one month, May 2014. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and 240 questionnaires were used for the analysis, excluding the unanswered and insincere questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 20.0. Results - First, PB product attributes had a significantly positive effect on consumption emotion. The PB product attributes perceived by the customer at the point of service contact are important to form the positive consumption emotion. Second, consumption emotion had a significantly positive effect on brand attitude. Third, the consumption emotion had a significantly positive effect on brand loyalty. Such consumption emotion is an important factor in causing the positive evaluation on the brand attitude perceived by the customer. Fourth, brand attitude had a significantly positive effect on brand loyalty. The consumption emotion was positively represented to invoke the relational continuance behavior. The relational continuance behavior accompanies the repetition of purchase, word of mouth, and recommendation activities, and influences trust regarding the brand, for which the customer maintains the transaction continuously. Conclusions - The PB product attributes perceived by the customer at the point of service contact are important factors to form the positive consumption emotion. Based on this result, the discount store service provider would prepare the measures that can make the customer recognize the positive value, and make more detailed efforts. Consumption emotion is an important factor to cause the positive evaluation on the brand attitude perceived by the customer. Based on this result, the general supermarket must make efforts to provide fun or convenience in the purchase process for consumers.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 ICEIC The International Conference on Electronics Informations and Communications
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• pp.92-96
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• 2004

The researches of the emotions are currently great interest in speech processing as well as in human-machine interaction domain. In the recent years, more and more of researches relating to emotion synthesis or emotion recognition are developed for the different purposes. Each approach uses its methods and its various parameters measured on the speech signal. In this paper, we proposed using a short-time parameter: MFCC coefficients (Mel­Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients) and a simple but efficient classifying method: Vector Quantification (VQ) for speaker-dependent emotion recognition. Many other features: energy, pitch, zero crossing, phonetic rate, LPC... and their derivatives are also tested and combined with MFCC coefficients in order to find the best combination. The other models: GMM and HMM (Discrete and Continuous Hidden Markov Model) are studied as well in the hope that the usage of continuous distribution and the temporal behaviour of this set of features will improve the quality of emotion recognition. The maximum accuracy recognizing five different emotions exceeds $88\%$ by using only MFCC coefficients with VQ model. This is a simple but efficient approach, the result is even much better than those obtained with the same database in human evaluation by listening and judging without returning permission nor comparison between sentences [8]; And this result is positively comparable with the other approaches.

• 감성과학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 무선 통신 사업자 간에 휴대폰에서 제공되는 휴대폰 벨소리 사운드의 음질차이가 있는지, 있다면 어느 요소에서 발생하는지를 조사하는 것이었다. 선두 무선 통신 사업자나 휴대폰 제조사가 가지는 브랜드의 영향 요소를 배재하고 음질의 차이가 생기는 요소들을 찾아내기 위한 일련의 실험이 계획되었다. 무선 통신 사업자, 휴대폰 제조사, 휴대폰 모델, 특정 장르, 음원 콘텐츠 제작자 등 음질의 차이가 발생 할 수 있는 요소들을 테스트 하였다. 연구결과 휴대폰을 통해 제공되는 벨소리 사운드는 무선 통신 사업자별로 음질 차이가 존재하는 것으로 조사되었다. 음질의 차이는 콘텐츠 및 휴대폰의 차이에서 발생하며, 동일휴대폰 모델의 경우에도 무선 통신 사업자 모델별로 음질의 차이가 발생하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 콘텐츠를 제공하는 음원 제작사 별 음질의 차이도 있는 것으로 나타났다. 음악 장르에 대한 음질의 차이는 명확하게 나타나지 않았다. 제한된 샘플을 이용한 실험의 한계를 보완하기 위하여 휴대폰 제조업체의 사운드 전문가를 통한 인터뷰가 시행되었다. 인터뷰 결과 제품 가격의 차이에서 오는 스피커 단품 및 미디, 앰프 등 하드웨어적 차이가 음질에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 조사되었고, 부품 및 기구의 튜닝 또한 중요도를 갖는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.186-197
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• 2010

최근 재현 장비의 목적은 장면을 정확하게 재현하는 것에서 사용자의 만족도를 높이는 것으로 변화하고 있다. 이는 카메라로 대표되는 재현 장비의 발전 방향이 성능 위주에서 품질 위주로, 개발자 중심에서 사용자 중심으로 전환되고 있다는 의미이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사용자의 인지 특성에 기반을 둔 사진의 화질 평가 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 사진은 다양한 물리적 화질 속성이 복합적으로 어우러져 완성되는 것으로 몇 가지 성능에 대한 평가만으로는 전반적인 화질을 평가할 수 없다. 따라서 제 3의 관찰자에 의한 주관적인 화질 평가가 필요하다. 주관적 화질 평가는 평가 방법과 결과 도출 방법이 쉬워야 하고, 도출된 평가 결과는 전체적인 화질을 어우르는 동시에 높은 신뢰도를 가져야 한다. 따라서 본 논문은 화질 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요소들은 분석하여 구체적인 평가 언어를 수립하고, 사진 이미지를 실험 자극으로 활용한 주관적 화질 평가 실험을 통해 화질 평가 항목을 수립함으로써 효율적이고 정확한 방법으로 주관적 화질을 평가할 수 있도록 하였다.