• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.51-57
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• 2013

The current expanding mobile markets incessantly demands small form factor, low power consumption and high aggregate throughput for silicon-level integration such as memory to logic system. One of emerging solution for meeting this high market demand is 3D through silicon stacking (TSS) technology. Main challenges to bring 3D TSS technology to the volume production level are establishing a cost effective supply chain and building a reliable manufacturing processes. In addition, this technology inherently help increase number of IOs and shorten interconnect length. With those benefits, however, potential signal and power integrity risks are also elevated; increase in PDN inductance, channel loss on substrate, crosstalk and parasitic capacitance. This paper will report recent progress of wide IO memory to high count TSV logic device assembly development work. 28 nm node TSV test vehicles were fabricated by the foundry and assembled. Successful integration of memory wide IO chip with less than a millimeter package thickness form factor was achieved. For this successful integration, we discussed potential signal and power integrity challenges. This report demonstrated functional wide IO memory to 28 nm logic device assembly using 3D package architecture with such a thin form factor.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.9-13
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• 2019

The paper aims to investigate the performance of domestic Saudi Arabian ETFs. ETFs are investment vehicles in vogue. These instruments were the first levers for investors allowing them to enter some markets that have been highly protected or out of reach. Saudi Arabia, which has been promoted as an emerging country by MSCI, seeks to attract more foreign investors. The first ETFs were launched in the years 2010-2011. Even though their number has not increased since then, there is a desire to attract a large number of investors. We use premiums/discounts analysis, standard risk-return models, and tracking errors measurements to assess how closely their replicate the underlying benchmark based on monthly data. The results indicate that out of the three funds investigated two are slightly traded at premium, while the latter exhibit a price discount. However, tracking errors are at minimum for all funds suggesting that they track well the benchmark index. Further, the Jensen's model shows that alphas are negative or null, and betas capture largely the systematic risk which is consistent with index investing strategies. Finally, traditional risk-adjusted measures of performance are used to compare ETFs, and results exhibit negative ratios showing that portfolios achieve lower return than the risk-free rate.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the nature of controlling shareholders and corporate anti-corruption practice disclosure (ACPD) as well as the mediating role of political background of the chairman or CEO of the firm on the relationship between the two. The content analysis was conducted to extract ACPD from standalone corporate social responsibility reports (CSRR) of 703 China's A-share listed companies. A dummy variable was constructed according to whether a firm disclosed ACPD or not. Logistic regression analysis was used then. Results show that the nature of controlling shareholders has a significant impact on corporate ACPD, with central enterprises disclosing the most frequently, local state-owned enterprises the second and private enterprises the least. Political background of the chairman or CEO has a negative impact on corporate ACPD of state-owned enterprises. These findings have some useful insights in understanding the rent-seeking behavior and information disclosure behavior of corporates in emerging markets. In order to curb the serious corruption problem which is commonplace in developing countries like China, the government should exert certain pressure to strengthen the supervision of information disclosure of listed firms and improve information transparency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.663-666
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• 2009

The usage of fixed call services and public payphones decreased due to the mobile services became general communications tools and the new VoIP services are emerging. Public phone services are included in the scope of universal services and the prices of services is low and the services are easy to access anywhere. However the telecommunication markets are changed then the loss of public payphone services gets worse and the importance of public payphone have decreased. This paper reviewed the universal services regulations of public payphones in overseas countries and proposed the implications of improving the universal service regulations for public payphones.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Purpose: Cyber criminals have affected various markets and the banking system has encountered various kinds of cyberattacks. The purpose of this study is to analyze cybercrime that is an emerging threat and investigate the significant contribution of financial literacy and public awareness on cybercrimes. To understand the security issues and the need for corrective steps, the techniques and strategies used by cyber fraudsters in obtaining unauthorized access and use the financial information for purpose of fraud need to be understood. Research design, data and methodology: A sample of 123 banks employees from 12 commercial banks in Malaysia was surveyed. This study differs from previous studies as it surveyed the employees' awareness, and this approach fills in the gap in existing literature. Results: The financial literacy and public awareness have positive impact on organizational performance effectiveness to combat threat of cybercrime. Some recommendations are also proposed from research findings, for banking industry and government regulations. Conclusion: The present study focuses on banking sector so its findings cannot be generalized to other sectors. Linking these topics has created a new study in combating threat of cybercrimes generally, and specifically in Malaysia. The present study enhances the understanding of customers' role to combat the impact of cybercrimes on performances of banking industry.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.12-21
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• 2021

Existing real estate markets are monopolized because they are capital intensive and have information asymmetry. However, with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technology is converging in various industries based on information technology (IT), and the real estate market is also developing a new field called "PropTech". According to this trend, new PropTech technologies are emerging in various real estate services sectors in Korea, but the electronic contract system, which accounts for the largest portion of the real estate industry, is still cited as a complex identification process and long processing time. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an improvement plan for the current electronic contract system through the introduction of blockchain technology, which is drawing attention with the development of PropTech, and explore the possibility of introduction by producing an experimental model of blockchain-applied electronic contract system in a programming language.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.157-167
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• 2021

The study analyzes the factors affecting the intention and recommendation to use the mobile banking applications of 314 customers from Vietnam. The study analyzes 7 factors affecting the intention and recommendation to use the mobile banking applications of customers from Vietnam, including (i) Perceived risk; (ii) Perceived ease of use; (iii) Perceived usefulness; (iv) Attitude; (v) Perceived trust; (vi) Social image; and (vii) Innovativeness. Besides, the study also analyzes 4 variables that reflect the customer's demographics, including gender, age, education, and occupation, and 6 variables describing the behavior of customers using mobile banking applications. The study findings indicate that the following factors (i) Innovativeness; (ii) Attitude; (iii) Perceived risk; (iv) Perceived ease of use, and (v) Perceived trust have the most significant impact on customers' behavior of using mobile banking applications in emerging markets such as Vietnam in the context of prolonged pandemic and continuous lockdown in many provinces and cities. The study is also of great value to studies on behavior changes among customers using mobile banking applications after the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. The study will provide additional empirical evidence useful to bank administrators in motivating customers to use mobile banking applications, helping develop a digital economy in Vietnam.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.79-89
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• 2021

Green finance plays an important role in environmental protection missions and fighting climate change. The Environment Fund in Vietnam is the main channel of preferential capital offered to firms for environmental protection. Unfortunately, it was previously unknown which criteria influenced these companies' ability to obtain green financing. Using a survey method, we collected data through a structured questionnaire of 203 respondents that represent firms that had received concessional loans from 26 Environment Funds. A Multiple Linear Regression model was used to examine the determinants of access to concessional loans for environmental protection. We found relationships between age, size, ownership type, and industry sector, and access to green finance. Third-party guarantees were a significant factor in financing through Environment Funds. Moreover, we found commercial environmental projects face fewer green financing obstacles. Surprisingly, showing audited financial statements does not mitigate the information asymmetry between firms and these financial institutions. These findings suggest that Environment Funds should classify environmental project types to develop appropriate lending policies. In emerging markets, enterprises need to build a trusted relationship with financial institutions so that they can replace asset-based lending techniques, thereby increasing the firms' accessibility to green finance.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.23-34
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• 2021

Purpose: This study identifies the critical elements of relationship management required to be studied in distribution sciences to create a relational bond of watch manufacturers with their retailers in India. The offline watch retail market is undergoing a rapid transformation due to technology intervention in the product portfolio and the advent of online retailing. The study identifies the interrelationships amongst the constructs of interdependence, trust, affective commitment, and information exchange to form long-lasting relational bonds in the watch industry. Research design, data and methodology: We used a path analysis to investigate the relationship between interdependence, trust, affective commitment, and information exchange. Data has been collected from 143 watch retailers using judgmental sampling method. Results: The data analysis suggested the establishment of measurement and structural model. The absolute and relative goodness of fit models in the causal analysis are 0.628 and 0.959 suggesting a sufficient fit index. Based on the analysis of direct and indirect effects, the results indicate that trust fully mediates the effect of interdependence and information exchange of retailers with the manufacturer. Conclusions: Trust plays an important role in driving commitment and information exchange between watch manufacturers and retailers. Interdependence in the manufacturer-channel relationships would lead to affective commitment only when trust exists in the relationship. [AMAWATE, Vibhas.] in Web of Science and Scopus).

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.61-68
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• 2021

Purpose: Retailing is one of the fastest-growing sectors in Vietnam. In the sight of foreign investors, the Vietnamese retailing market is very prospective. However, the current competition is very intensive, and retailers are keen on gaining new customers. Hence, Vietnamese retailers have paid more attention to customer loyalty. Saigon Co.op is one of the largest retailers in Vietnam, but its consumers have more choices over a retailer. As a result, Saigon Co.op has realized the significance of customer loyalty. This study aims to determine the factors impacting customer loyalty of Saigon Co.op supermarket in Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: this study applied the multiple regression analysis with 250 samples collected from Saigon Co.op customers. The questionnaire is provided to respondents via Google Form, and the link is sent to the fan page of Co.op mart on Facebook. Two hundred eighty-seven samples were collected, but 37 samples were removed due to missing values. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and regression analysis are used for data analysis on SPSS software version 20. Results: The findings show all four determinants of Saigon Co.op's customer loyalty, including Product Quality, Brand Image, Price Strategy and Service Quality. Conclusions: managerial recommendations are provided for supermarkets to improve their customer loyalty in Vietnam and other emerging markets. Limitations and suggestions for further research are also discussed.