• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2012

Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), Dandelion (Taraxacum platycarpum H. DAHLST.), Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.), Gree kyllinga (Kyllinga brevifolia var.), Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), Annual lespedeza (Kummerowia striata (Thunb.)Schindl.), Mugwort (Artemisia capillaris Thunb.), Horseweed (Erigeron canadensis L.), Field horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) are major weeds in turf. In this study, 23 medicinal plant extracts were tested for herbicidal activities against crabgrass and dandelion in the course of major weed in turf. In pot experiment, we implemented pre-emergence application used medicinal plant extracts showed herbicidal activity in petridish experiment. In effect, inhibition rates of germination were 61.0% at Curcuma longa extract and 62.5% at Cnidium officinale extract in crabgrass pot experiment, and 77.8% at Ailanthus altissima extract in dandelion pot experiment.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.199-205
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• 2015

Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a life-threatening disorder for which allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the current available curative treatment. HSCT from matched sibling donors (MSDs) is the preferred therapy for children with acquired SAA. For patients who lack MSDs, immunosuppressive therapy (IST) is widely accepted as a first-line treatment before considering HCT from an unrelated donor (URD). Given the recent progress in HSCT using URDs for childhood SAA, well-matched URDs became a realistic alternative for pediatric patients who have no suitable related donors and who are refractory to IST. However, it is quite challenging to treat patients with refractory SAA who lack suitable related or URDs. Even though haploidentical HSCT from genetically mismatched family members seemed to be an attractive procedure with the amazing benefit of readily available donors for most patients, early attempts were disappointing because of refractory graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and excessively high transplant-related mortality. Recent advances with effective ex vivo depletion of T cells or unmanipulated in vivo regulation of T cells, better supportive care, and optimal conditioning regimens have significantly improved the outcome of haploidentical transplant. Besides considerable progress in the treatment of malignant diseases, recent emerging evidences for haploidentical HSCT in SAA has provided additional therapeutic options for patients with refractory diseases. Further improvements to decrease the rates of graft failure, GVHD, and infectious complications will facilitate the emergence of haploidentical HSCT as a front-line therapy for treating acquired SAA in children and adolescents who have no suitably matched donors.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.2052-2059
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• 2017

The emergence and dissemination of Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) are strongly associated with the occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) enterobacteria in humans and animals. Diverse SGI1s have been reported among Salmonella enterica and Proteus mirabilis in several countries. We aimed to characterize SGI1 in P. mirabilis isolates from humans and chickens in Chungcheong Province, Korea. A total of 44 P. mirabilis isolates were recovered from humans (n = 20) and chickens (n = 24). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion assay. To detect and characterize SGI1s, PCR amplification and PCR mapping experiments were performed. Repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (REP-PCR) was performed to assess the clonality of the isolates. The four P. mirabilis strains (16.7%) from chicken harbored a SGI1, whereas none of the isolates from clinical specimens contained SGI1. The SGI1s detected in our study were all confirmed as SGI1-PmABB harboring aminoglycoside-resistant genes (aacCA5 and aadA7). In P. mirabilis isolates, the presence of SGI1-PmABB was significantly correlated with high resistance rates of the isolates to antimicrobial agents, such as gentamicin, streptomycin, and spectinomycin. Moreover, the four SGI1-bearing isolates showed the same REP-PCR patterns and that suggested both horizontal and clonal spread of the isolates. This study is the first attempt to determine SGI1s in P. mirabilis isolates in Korea. We confirmed that P. mirabilis isolates carrying SGI1-PmABB were distributed at poultry farms in Korea. The present study emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of SGI1s to prevent spreading of the MDR genomic islands among P. mirabilis isolates from humans and animals.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 2006

Germination and early elongation of rice after germination were investigated in anoxic air treatment, nitric oxide gas treatment, and six concentrations of mercuric chloride solutions to determine the effects of limited oxygen environment, nitric oxide, and inhibited water flux through cell membrane in $17^{\circ}C$. Anoxic air treatment affected germination of tested six varieties very little. However root elongation rates were severely inhibited while shoot growth was affected less. Reductions in shoot and root elongations demonstrated genotypic variations. Nitric oxide delayed the germination of rice even though it didn't affect the final percent germination. Elongations of root and shoot were inhibited in nitric oxide treatment. The inhibitor effect of nitric oxide on the shoot elongation of rice was less severe, while nitric oxide completely inhibited the root emergence of rice. Concentrations of $HgCl_2$ greater than $300{\mu}M$ dramatically reduced the rate and percentage of germination when compared to distilled water treatment. The reduced percent germination showed the greatest variation among rice varieties in $500{\mu}M$ solution of mercuric chloride. Ansanbyeo, Jinheung, and Odaebyeo were affected less by $HgCl_2$, Nonganbyeo and Sangmibyeo were intermediate, and the germination of Andabyeo was greatly reduced by $HgCl_2$. Root elongation of germinated rice seedlings was more sensitive to oxygen deficits, nitric oxide, and $HgCl_2$ treatments than germination and shoot elongation. In conclusion, poor seedling establishment of rice sown in flooded paddy soils, in which the oxygen supply to the seeds is restricted, appears to the result of limited root elongation rate.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.239-245
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• 2002

It was investigated whether or not such helpers as worker bee, bee-cocoon and egg-cup etc, have any effects on oviposition and colony foundation of the bumblebee queen, Bombus ignitus. Among the helpers tested, the callow workers of B. ignitus and B. terrestris showed the most remarkable effects on the oviposition rates to 92% and 88%, respectively. The live cocoon as a helper improved oviposition rate over 60%. A narcotized old worker 10-20 days-aged after emergence, showed similar effects to a callow worker on the colony development such as oviposition rate, colony foundation and progeny-queen production. On the other hand, dried cocoon, callow honeybee worker or egg-cup did not show a positive effect as a helper. In the number of workers recruited to a foundation queen, two workers showed better effect than one worker on the colony development, with no difference between two and more.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.439-444
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• 2016

Maruca vitrata is a main insect pest against crops of Vigna species (V. angularis and V. radiata) and Sesbania sesban in Fabaceae, but the life cycle of the insect is unclear in Korea. In order to know over-wintering possibility, its stage of the insect, over-wintering entry season, and the first adult emergence season of the next year, we investigated over-wintering rates of the insect in outdoor conditions in Suwon ($37^{\circ}16^{\prime}N$ $126^{\circ}59^{\prime}E$ 35ASL). In all colonies which the rearing for larvae, pupae and eggs started after mid-September, adults did not emerge within the year, and all insects died before next June. In several trials for over-wintering of larvae and pupae in soil, all insects died, too. Larvae stored during specified periods at low temperatures (10 and $13^{\circ}C$) did not emerge. From the results, it was postulated that M. vitrata does not have an adaptability to temperature below zero, and cannot over-winter in Suwon area.

• Composites Research
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.378-382
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• 2015

With increasing population density and high-rise expansion of buildings in recent years, elevators have become to play a pivotal role in our everyday lives as most people take an elevator several times even in a day. The elevator penetration and distribution rates in Korea have increased dramatically every year, and the emergence of skyscrapers leads to accelerating the development of elevator industry. Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) exhibit better mechanical and thermal properties than steel suitable for uses as elevator wire ropes. In this paper, in order to analyze the properties of CFRPs, the tensile strength of unidirectional (UD) CFRP wire ropes was characterized and finite element analysis was conducted for bending simulation. Simulation results were compared.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.2 s.59
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• pp.132-136
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• 1984

This study was conducted to investigate the bionomics of Curculio sikkimensis in Chonnam province from 1981 to 1983. Damage rates of the chestunt were $26.4\%$ in Damyang, $21.1\%$ in Gwangyang, and $12.9\%$ in Seungju. Adults occurred from the mid-July to the mid-September and showed peak from the mid-August to the early-September. Larvae escaped the chestnut from the early-October to the early-November. Overwintering larvae emerged $3.3\%$ in the first year, $22.78\%$ in the second year and continously overwintered $1.67\%$ in the third year. Larvae showed the highest distribution at $1.67\%$ of soil depth during the overwintering. Mortality of overwintering larvae and course of time showed the linearly correlation. Period of each stage was 5.9 days for egg and 17.17 days for pupa. Adult longevity was 9.10 days for female and 7.03 days for male.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.69-75
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• 2012

This study aims to suggest the amendment method of publishing bulletins for election in accordance with the changed consciousness of voters and the environment of times after examining the expression strategies of a candidate's message through the analysis of publishing bulletins of local election in 2010. Accordingly, it tries to indicate the strategies of publishing bulletins for election more easily and briefly. As to the description of expression strategies, there were a lot of rational descriptions and positive appeals with the perspective of a third person. It shows the awareness that aggressive and negative expression brings about adverse effects. The appeals of the cover slogan in campaign promises were in the sequence of the candidate's character, regional development, and social welfare, and most campaign promises were within the range of ten promises. The most used symbol of candidates was the party which candidates belong to. The main empathized contents include the name of candidates, the experience of candidates, management, political ability, and region. In addition, slogans had the intention to express folksy and intimacy by raising the rates of residents' emergence.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.293-304
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• 1997

A field experiment was conducted at the forage experimental plots, Seoul National University, Suweon h m 1995 to 1996 to determine the effect of legume residues as a N source and N fertilizer on corn (Zea mays L.) silage yield, N uptake, and availability of inorganic N in the soil. Corn was grown following (i) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), (ii) crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), (iii) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and (iv) winter fallow. The plots were split into two rates of fertilizer N (0 and 90kg Nlha) in a split-plot experimental plan. Compared with fallow treatment, legumes depleted soil water in the surface 15cm at corn planting by 17 to 26%. As a result, corn emergence was markedly delayed with legume residues by 8 to 11 days. Corn silage DM yield was significantly reduced in the presence of legume residues by 2.0 to 3.4 and 1.5 to 2.5 tonlha compared with winter fallow treatment at 0 and 90kg fertilizer Nlha, respectively, but no significant difference in the corn DM yield was found between legume residue treatments. There was an overall tendency for increased corn yields with 90kg fertilizer Nlha compared to Okg fertilizer Nlha, although not all yield increases were significantly greater. The corn yield response to applied N suggests that a source of N from legume residues was not sufficient for a succeeding corn crop. There was significantly more N (P