• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.231-234
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• 2005

This letter proposes a new embedded speech coding structure based on the Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) standard codec. The proposed coding scheme consists of three different bitrates where the two lower bitrates are embedded into the highest one. The embedded bitstream was achieved by modifying the algebraic codebook search procedure adopted for the AMR-WB codec. The proposed method provides the advantage of scalability due to the embedded bitstream, while it inevitably requires some additional computational complexity for obtaining two different code vectors of the higher bitrate modes. Compared to the AMR-WB codec, the embedded coder shows improved speech qualities for two higher bitrate modes with a slightly increased bitrate caused by the decreased coding efficiency of the algebraic codebook.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4531-4535
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• 2011

In this paper, USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) is used in the structure of the tree routing was implemented in embedded systems. Tree Routing in the USN to the sink node to transmit sensor data is one of the techniques. When routing, sensor data is transmitted based on pre-defined ID according hop number. In order to have optimal routing path, the current state of the wireless sector and the sensor node informations were used. Also, received sensor data and the results of the tree routing by implementing an embedded system. This embedded system can be applied to a portable sensor information collecting system.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.214-220
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• 2007

Recently, most embedded systems have the multi-functions mixed the hardware with the software. The existing sequence programming methods are not suitable to implement the embedded system with multi-functions. So, it can be overcome the limit of a facility implementation by introducing the operating system in system. Also, due to the requirement about the better convenient and comfortable meeting or lecture environment, the necessity of electronic white-board is getting higher. Specially, the education using multimedia information is much more desirable for various and improved lecture at the high school and the university. But the sequence program which have been managed in existing electronic white-board system has some difficulties to achieve the software-oriented systems which has to accomplish many functions. In this paper, we propose the method to implement a facility of electronic white-board through using the embedded linux with excellent performance. The embedded linux presents the powerful software environment for the implementation of an embedded system and makes the realization of many various functions easy because it follows kernel characteristics of linux. In this paper, we describe the details for the structure of hardware, kernel source and device driver of a developed electronic white-board.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.8B
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• pp.1211-1216
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• 2010

There is no reference grasp only embedded SW market because embedded SW is built in SW production. In this paper, In order to know only embedded SW market, we used estimation method size of the amount of production. We draw suitable industry cluster structure of embedded SW market estimation. As we estimated size of embedded SW market by industry cluster. And, We calculated importance of embedded SW by industry cluster and finally we estimated size of embedded SW market. Result of estimation, added values of embedded SW estimated about 27 trillion.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.61-66
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• 2001

In this research, the design parameters of embedded capacitors are extracted by modeling and fabrication. The traditional library of capactor has a few problems in applying the circuit. Its capacitance is discrete, so target values in any circuit often can't be obtained in library, To solve this problem, the characteristics of capacitors are detected in the variation with the shape and structure, and then the capacitors with the expected reactance value at target frequency are obtained, In this procedure, 3-dimensional structure simulation is performed to predict the characteiristics of capacitors.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.289-292
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• 1998

Trees are the underlying structure for divide-and-conquer algorithms and the graphs that provide the solution spaces for NP-complete problems. Complete binary trees are the basic structure among trees. Therefore, if complete binary trees can be embedded in binomial trees, the algorithms which are provided by complete binary trees can be performed efficiently on the interconnection networks which have binomial trees as their subgraphs or in which binomial trees can be embedded easily. In this paper, we present dilation 2 embedding of complete binary trees in binomial trees.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.375-382
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• 2022

This paper proposes a multi-core cooperative computing structure considering the heterogeneous features of automotive embedded on-chip software. The automotive embedded software has the heterogeneous execution flow properties for various hardware drives. Software developed with a homogeneous execution flow without considering these properties will incur inefficient overhead due to core latency and load. The proposed method was evaluated on an target board on which a automotive MCU (micro-controller unit) with built-in multi-cores was mounted. We demonstrate an overhead reduction when software including common embedded system tasks, such as ADC sampling, DSP operations, and communication interfaces, are implemented in a heterogeneous execution flow. When we used the proposed method, embedded software was able to take advantage of idle states that occur between heterogeneous tasks to make efficient use of the resources on the board. As a result of the experiments, the power consumption of the board decreased by 42.11% compared to the baseline. Furthermore, the time required to process the same amount of sampling data was reduced by 27.09%. Experimental results validate the efficiency of the proposed multi-core cooperative heterogeneous embedded software execution technique.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.664-668
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• 2010

This paper presents a System-On-a-chip (SoC) for embedded image processing and pattern recognition applications that need Gaussian Pyramid structure. The system is fully implemented into Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based on the prototyping platform. The SoC consists of embedded processor core and a hardware accelerator for Gaussian Pyramid construction. The performance of the implementation is benchmarked against software implementations on different platforms.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.160-162
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• 2010

For the acoustic models of embedded speech recognition systems, hidden Markov models (HMMs) are usually quantized and the original full space distributions are represented by combinations of a few quantized distribution prototypes. We propose a maximum likelihood objective function to train the quantized distribution prototypes. The experimental results show that the new training algorithm and the link structure adaptation scheme for the quantized HMMs reduce the word recognition error rate by 20.0%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 2007

In digital warfare, communications between combat vehicles should be managed and synchronized in order to ensure the survivability of vehicles. Embedded battle management systems is designed to share battle information with combat vehicles in real-time. In this study, the details of embedded battle management systems which are successfully implemented in combat vehicles are presented.