• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.211-214
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• 2012

A short reaction mechanism was developed in order to predict the flame phenomena in premixed Dimethyl Ether-Air flame with the methods of SEM-CM(Simulation Error Minimization Connectivity Method), sensitivity analysis, and the rate of production analysis. It consisted of 31 species including nitrogen as inert gas and 177 elementary reactions. The flame structures obtained using a detailed reaction mechanism and the short reaction mechanism were compared with various equivalence ratios and pressure, and the results were in good agreement. Therefore, the short reaction mechanism would be used to aim at studying the development of a reduced reaction mechanism.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2000

For a profound understanding about the elementary students' scientific attitude, I have performed this study based on the students' opinion by the ethnographic interview and participant observation of science classes. I have analyzed the data by qualitative data analyzing method, and compared the analyzed results with analyzed results by the Likert's scaled as il questionnaire method. To perform this study, I selected one elementary school located in an agricultural village in Choong-Buk Province in Korea and studied four 5th grade students. Here, I present results of this study as follows. First, in ethnographic interview, all informants represented positive reaction to scientific curiosity. But, It is appeared that there are external curiosity and internal curiosity. Internal curiosity is more closely and positively related to problem solving skills. Second, all informants represented positive open-mindness expressing their own opinions actively and accepting other students' opinions. Students who had positive critical-mindness and voluntariness recorded high scores in science achievement. Third, scientific attitude analyzed by ethnographic methods didn't correspond with scientific attitude measured by Likert's scale in all cases. I presumed this discrepant result could come from subjects' different tendency on replying to questionnaire and students' own criterion.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.265-277
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• 2015

This study examines child emotional intelligence in relation to mother's emotional expressiveness and reaction to child negative emotions. A sample of 352 children and mothers from 4 elementary schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi participated in the study. Child emotional intelligence and mother's reaction to child negative emotions were evaluated by child-report, and mother's emotional expressiveness was assessed by mother-report. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, two-way analysis of variances, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analyses. The findings were as follows. First, mothers of boys showed more oversensitive-reaction to child negative emotions than mothers of girls. Mothers of 6th-graders showed more emotion-minimizin-greaction to child negative emotions than mothers of 5th-graders. Second, girls showed a higher level of overall emotional intelligence than boys. Girls showed a higher level of emotion expression and emotion regulation than boys. The 5th-graders showed higher level of emotion expression than 6th-graders; however, 6th graders showed a higher level of emotion perception than 5th-graders. Third, more emotion-coaching-reaction and less oversensitive-reaction by mothers predicted a better emotional intelligence of children. A mother's appropriate emotional socialization behaviors associated with child emotional intelligence were discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a sexual abuse prevention education program for elementary school students. Methods: Orem's Self-Care Theory (1995) and Seels & Richey's ADDIE model (1994) for developing learning materials were applied to develop this program Results: The development progress of the program consisted of 5 distinct phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The contents was classified into 6 categories: the definition of sexual abuse, how to deal with sexual abuse, the situational reaction, areas with a high risk for sexual abuse, related organizations, and a wrap-up quiz. The app was easily accessible for elementary school students. Conclusion: A sexual abuse prevention program using a hybrid app may be an effective way to reach elementary students, and further research for children of various ages is required.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.269-283
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to further develop the strategies using science magic and investigate the their effects of the instruction on the student's attitude toward science. To do this, a main idea was selected and stages for science teaching methods were developed. Two classes of the 4th grade were selected and instructed. After implementing and using the teaching method, a test and survey were administered to examine the perception of the students and the learning effects of the new science teaching. The results of this study were as follows. First, the strategy for using science magic was developed and applied. For learners, doing science magic was more effective on their own in terms of boosting student's understanding and interest. Also the teacher's modeling was better in terms of presenting the contents. Second, the students' reaction and perception on using the science magic in classes were positive. In the classroom setting, science magic helped the learners understand better and made the learning environment fun. Third, instruction using science magic had a positive effect on student's attitude toward science. Students felt curiosity about science magic. It made them participate better in studying the activity as well. In conclusion, instruction using science magic can be applied to science to education, and the attitudes toward science and learning achievements can be improved.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Presently, elementary school students take coercive action in case error or fault happens while they are using computers. These action are caused by lack of comprehension about basic computer concepts. In this paper, we propose an instructional method for basic computer concepts based on various instructional method. To estimate the effect of proposed method, a class over 16 phases is performed. We show that a effect of class and necessity of development of instructional learning method for basic computer concepts education in elementary schools on the basis of result that analyze reaction of students after class.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2022

Purpose: This study examined the effects of gym ball stabilization exercises on the physical functions of elementary school baseball players. Methods: The elementary school baseball players were assigned to an experimental group (n=21). The group performed gym ball stabilization exercises and the changes in the physical functions were measured using the visual response speed test, functional movements, physical balance ability, and pulmonary function. Results: The results of the visual response speed test showed changes in the time response speed. There was a significant change in the number of touches in 15 seconds in the upper arms and left and right legs (p<0.05) after 10 weeks. Also, there was a significant change in the reaction times of the left and right legs after 10 weeks (p<0.05). Further, there were significant differences in functional movements involving rotational stability and the total functional scores after 10 weeks (p<0.05). The player's body balance ability showed a significant difference after 10 weeks in the posterior-lateral and posterior-medial composite scores of the left and right legs (p<0.05). There was a significant change in the forced lung capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second after 10 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results show that the gym ball stabilization exercises effectively improved the visual response speed and functional movements, balance, and vital capacity of elementary school baseball players.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.118-128
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• 2021

In this study, as the viewing characteristics of users of YouTube video content related to science education, 'Inflow and Access' is analyzed to find out the interaction between learners and the system, and 'Reaction and Subscription' to find out the interaction between learners and contents. To this end, the YouTube channel "Elementary Science TV," was selected as the subject of research. The channel is mainly focused on the contents of elementary science textbooks, STEAM, and gifted education. The channel's data of YouTube studio was analyzed. The following results were obtained through data analysis: first, as a result of 'Inflow and Access' analysis, YouTube video content related to science education was most often introduced through external links, and the access device was mainly a computer. Second, as a result of the analysis of 'Reaction and Subscription,' 'like' and commenting performed as a reaction to the video were less than 1% of the number of views. Most users watch without a subscription, and watch for longer when using self-directed. Although this study was analyzed through a limited channel called 'Elementary Science TV,' we were able to discover a little about the users' viewing characteristics of YouTube video contents related to science education. In the future, it is expected that it can be used as a basic material for creating videos related to science education for remote classes, establishing a science education video platform.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.941-952
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• 2012

In the present contribution the Encounter Theory (ET) (the prototype of the classical Collision Theory in rarefied gases) concepts for widely occurring diffusion assisted irreversible bulk reactions A + A ${\rightarrow}$ C and A + B ${\rightarrow}$ C in liquid solutions examined by the authors in the literature are analyzed and compared with each other for these different types of reactions. It is shown that for a particular case of equal initial concentrations $[A]_0=[B]_0$ in the reaction A + B ${\rightarrow}$ C, when the kinetics of both reactions A + A ${\rightarrow}$ C and A + B ${\rightarrow}$ C in the framework of formal chemical kinetics and ET are the same, the accumulation of macroscopic correlations breaking the concepts of independent encounters and leading to the Generalized Encounter Theory (GET) are drastically different. The influence of the force interaction and the decay of nonstable reactants on the time behavior the macroscopic correlations is also briefly discussed.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data and implication for forming desirable viewpoint of mathematics lesson critique and for improvement of expertise in lesson by compare and analyze the viewpoint of mathematics lesson critique of pre-service and in-service teachers. For the achievement of the purpose, The lesson critique materials of each 25 pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers were collected and arranged, and compare and analyze the viewpoint of mathematics lesson critique of pre-service and in-service teachers by using the standard for analyzing viewpoint of lesson critique composed of two categories, five main codes and 18 sub codes. The results of this study, both pre-service and in-service teachers have tendency for criticising lesson focusing on the practice rather than plan of lesson and both pre-service and in-service teachers showed evaluative reaction in most of critical statements and used positive ones rather than negative ones. The only pre-service teachers, though minor of them, showed non-evaluative reaction in criticising class and most of the statements were just description and explanation without any their own judgement for the scenes and activities of lessons and most of pre-service teachers have tendency to include reflection and introspection for their own class in lesson critique.