• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.9-9
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• 2008

Recently, the thickness of solar cell gets thinner to reduce the quantity of silicon. And the reduced thickness make it easy to be broken while PV module fabrication process. This phenomenon might make PV module's maximum power and durability down. So, when using thin solar cell for PV module fabrication, it is needed to optimize the material and fabrication condition which is quite different from normal thick solar cell process. Normally, gel-content of EVA sheet should be higher than 80% so PV module has long term durability. But high gel-content characteristic might cause micro-crack on solar cell. In this experiment, we fabricated several specimen by varying curing temperature and time condition. And from the gel-content measurement, we figure the best fabrication condition. Also we examine the crack generation phenomenon during experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.821-825
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• 2013

Effect of multi-stacked layer (MSL), 0.1 mol (M) and 0.3 mol (M) hafnium oxide ($HfO_2$) alignment layers were fabricated via a solution-process for LCs orientation. The solutions were spin-coated and annealed in a furnace. MSL consists of three sub-layers using 0.1 M solution, mono-layer (ML) is composed of 0.3 M $HfO_2$ solution. Then ion-beam irradiation was treated with 1.8 keV for 2 min. $HfO_2$-based LC cells were investigated through photographs, pre-tilt angle using crystal rotation method, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement, and surface roughness using atomic force microscopy(AFM) for their characteristic research. Good LC orientation characteristics were observed on MSL $HfO_2$ surface. The LC alignment mechanism on MSL $HfO_2$ and ML $HfO_2$ surfaces was attributed to van der Waals (VDW) interaction between the LC molecular and substrate surface.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.4 s.95
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• pp.359-365
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• 2005

This paper designed a very low profle, light and broadband internal antenna for operating at PCS, IMT-2000 and Wibro bands. The proposed antenna can be reduced the size by using shorting-pin and a broadband characteristic is obtained by using slit. It is optimized by using the CST Microwave Studio commercial software based on the FIA(Finite Integration Algorithm) and PBA(Perfect Boundary Approximation) and then fabricated and measured. As a result of measurement, the bandwidth(VSWR<2.5) is $40.8\;\%$ at $1.934\;\cal{GHz}$ and the size of antenna is 3$30\;\cal{mm}\times10\;\cal{mm}\times0.2\;\cal{mm}$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.204-207
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• 2003

The flip chip bonding utilizing self-aligning characteristic of solder becomes mandatory to meet to tolerances for the optical device. In this paper, a parametric study of aging condition and pad size of sample was conducted. A TiW/Cu UBM structure was adopted and sample was aging treated to analyze the effect of intermetallic compound with time variation. After aging treatment, the tendency to decrease in shear strength was measured and the structure of the fine joint area was observed by using SEM, TEM and EDS. In result, the shear strength was decreased of about 20% in the $100{\mu}m$ sample at $170^{\circ}C$ aging compared with the maximum shear strength of same pad size sample. In the case of the $120^{\circ}C$ aging treatment, 17% of decrease in shear strength was measured at the $100{\mu}m$ pad size sample. Also, intremetallic compound of $Cu_6Sn_5$ and $Cu_3Sn$ were observed through the TEM measurement by using an FIB technique that is very useful to prepare TEM thin foil specimens from the solder joint interface.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.60-65
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to measure and compare the output power characteristics and optical gain for selenium vapour laser depending on the He gas purity. The purity of the He gas was improved with a special He-filter. During the measurement the individual wavelengths were selected with a birefringent filter. The result shows that compared with those of laser without He-filter, the output-coupling power and small signal gain of laser with He-filter increase in the most of the lines. Especially, the output-coupling power and small signal gain for the strong lines (497.6 nm, 499.3 nm, 506.9 nm, 517.6 nm, 522.8 nm, 530.5 nm), blue(460.4 nm, 464.8 nm) and red(644.4 nm 649.1 nm) lines lies notably higher.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2002

Abstract We give pressure stimulation into organic thin films and then manufacture a device under the accumulation condition that the state surface pressure is 10[mN/m]. In processing of a device manufacture, we can see the process is good from the change of a surface pressure for organic thin films and transfer ratio of area per molecule. The structure of manufactured device is Au/Poly-${\gamma}$ Benzyl $_D$-Glutamate/Al; the number of accumulated layers is 1, 3, 5 and 7. Also, we then examined of the MIM device by means of I-V. The I-V characteristic of the device is measured from 0 to +2[V]. We determined electrochemical measurement by using cyclic voltammetry with a three-electrode system. LB film accumulated by monolayer on an ITO. In the cyclicvoltammetry, An Ag/AgCl reference electrode, a platinum wire counter electrode and LB film-coated ITO working electrode measured in $LiBF_4$ solution, stable up to 0.9V vs. Ag/AgCl.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.329-333
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• 2011

To develop wide-band noise absorbers with a special design for low-frequency performance, this study proposes a tin oxide (Sn-O) thin films as the noise absorbing materials in a microstrip line. Sn-O thin films were deposited on polyimide film substrates by reactive sputtering of the Sn target under flowing $O_{2}$ gas, exhibiting a wide variation of surface resistance (in the range of $10^{0}-10^{5}{\Omega}$) depending on the oxygen partial pressure during deposition. The microstrip line with characteristic impedance of $50\Omega$ was used for the measurement of noise absorption by the Sn-O films. The reflection parameter $(S_{11})$ increased with a decrease of surface resistance due to an impedance mismatch at the boundary between the film and the microstrip line. Meanwhile, the transmission parameter $(S_{21})$ diminished with a decrease of surface resistance resulting from an Ohmic loss of the Sn-O films. The maximum noise absorption predicted at an optimum surface resistance of the Sn-O films was about $150{\Omega}$. For this film, greater power absorption is predicted in the lower frequency region (about 70% at 1 GHz) than in conventional magnetic sheets of high magnetic loss, indicating that Ohmic loss is the predominant loss parameter for the conduction noise absorption in the low frequency band.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.310-313
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose the tester apparatus for 48 channel GM Tube sensor. The proposed apparatus can test up to 48 channel GM tube simultaneously to detect the defect and analyze the sensor characteristic. 300-1000V variable high voltage generation circuit is utilized for the apparatus suitable for the sensor characteristic. Thus, the proposed system is useful for various GM Tube sensor characteristic analysis. Multiple sensor testing environment is established for the early detection of the defect and the analysis to reduce the costs for manufacturing and rework. Developed 48 channel GM Tube sensor test is evaluated with certified testing equipment and shows excellent performance with respect to the uncertainty of the sensor test results.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.44-45
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• 2007

This paper deals with error compensation in current transformers. Since the exciting current can be considered as the main error source, its evaluation can allow the compensation of its detrimental effects to be obtained. The exciting current required by the transformer in every king of steady state operation can be determined by simply acquiring the secondary current, provided that the examined CT has been preliminarily identified. This paper also proposed a new approach to the model of the exciting branch. The exciting branch can be divided into a non-linear core loss resistor, and a non-linear magnetizing inductor whose flux and current characteristic is not the same as the characteristic shown by the joined tips of the first quadrant of a family of hysteresis loops. The performance of the proposed algorithm was validated under various conditions using EMTP generated data. Test result show, in all cases an improvement in primary current reproduction accuracy, compared with that achieved using CT's ratio.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.168-177
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• 2016

In this paper we present an implantable pressure sensor to measure real-time blood pressure by monitoring mechanical movement of artery. Sensor is composed of inductors (L) and capacitors (C) which are formed by microfabrication and direct bonding on two biocompatible substrates (quartz). When electrical potential is applied to the sensor, the inductors and capacitors generates a LC resonance circuit and produce characteristic resonant frequencies. Real-time variation of the resonant frequency is monitored by an external measurement system using inductive coupling. Structural and electrical simulation was performed by Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) programs, ANSYS and HFSS, to optimize geometry of sensor. Ultrafast laser (femto-second) cutting and MEMS process were executed as sensor fabrication methods with consideration of brittleness of the substrate and small radial artery size. After whole fabrication processes, we got sensors of $3mm{\times}15mm{\times}0.5mm$. Resonant frequency of the sensor was around 90 MHz at atmosphere (760 mmHg), and the sensor has good linearity without any hysteresis. Longterm (5 years) stability of the sensor was verified by thermal acceleration testing with Arrhenius model. Moreover, in-vitro cytotoxicity test was done to show biocompatiblity of the sensor and validation of real-time blood pressure measurement was verified with animal test by implant of the sensor. By integration with development of external interrogation system, the proposed sensor system will be a promising method to measure real-time blood pressure.