• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2011

Purpose: This study tested a model of hospice volunteer's motivations and outcomes to encourage more volunteer workers to participate in hospice care. Methods: This included 200 volunteers who attended the Autumn Conference in 2007 and 132 volunteers from five hospice organizations. Results: Volunteers' existential well-being affected an endogenous variable of volunteers' participation in volunteer activities. The durability of volunteer activity was affected by value motivation, the level of participation in volunteer activities and the level of job satisfaction. For volunteers' job satisfaction level, valid endogenous variables included existential well-being, social motivation, understanding motivation and value motivation. The durability of volunteer activities was indirectly affected through three different paths. Volunteers' existential well-being determined the level of their participation in volunteer activities, which in turn affected the durability of such activities. Social motivation influenced volunteers' job satisfaction, and then the durability of volunteer activities. Volunteers' understanding of motivation also influenced their job satisfaction, and then the durability of volunteer activities. Conclusion: Based on these results, this study proposes that the durability of volunteers activities could be improved by developing a program to improve volunteers' well-being and by providing volunteers with education on altruistic values, encouraging them to seek intellectual growth, and advocating them to continue volunteer activities based on close relationships with other volunteers.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2010

Purpose: The purposes of this study was to compare the meaning in life and death attitude between the participants and nonparticipants of the well-dying education program. Methods: This study adopted the descriptive comparative design. Data were collected by interviewing 85 participants and 94 non-participants of well-dying education. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire. Results: There were significant differences in age, gender, marital status, health status, and volunteer experience. The program participants showed higher scores in the death attitude than non-participants. There were significant correlations between meaning in life and death attitude in participant group. Death attitude was significantly associated with meaning in life in participant group with 6.0% variance. Conclusion: Based on the results, well-dying education program was effective to prepare good death with more comprehensive vision. Therefore, this program should be served for patient with life-threatening illness by nurse and this is the expended role of oncology and hospice palliative nurses.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

Purpose: Colorectal ranter is the 4th leading cause of cancer death in Korea and the prevalence is increasing continuously. This study was aimed to figure out the problems through the clinical consideration about terminal colorectal ranter patients who had died in hospice unit. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records in 78 patients with colorectal ranter who had admitted, received palliative care, and died in a hospice unit between April 2003 and November 2006. Results: The median age of patients was 59.6 years with 45 men (58%) and 24 women (42%). The median survival in hospice and palliative care was 36 days. The median hospitalization was 22 days. The most prevalent reason for admission was pain (38 patients, 49%), and the most common symptom was also pain (70 patients, 90%). Forty eight patients (62%) took analgesics before hospice referral. Twenty seven patients (65%) of 45 patients with intestinal obstruction have been performed palliative procedures. Median survival of patients with palliative procedure was higher than that of no palliative procedure group (47 days vs 19 days, P-value=0.005). Conclusion: The duration of hospice and palliative care was not enough to care the terminal colorectal cancer. Therefore, we suggest that proper education and information should be provided to physician, patients and their family members for effective hospice and palliative care.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2004

Purpose: Even though there have been various efforts for the dying with dignity of terminal patients, no researches focused on the public attitudes. Methods: In February 2004, we sampled 1,055 persons over 20 years of age from the sixteen cities and local districts of Korea through the quota sampling method according to their gender, age, and location. We conducted a telephone survey with a structured questionnaire on the attitudes toward dying with dignity and hospice palliative care. Results: The most important conditions for the dying with dignity on the patients' views were 'removing burdens for other people' (27.8%). Over the half of the samples chose their home as a preference for place of death (54.8%). 82.3% of the respondents agreed to the idea of withdrawing the medically futile life-sustaining treatment. Fifty seven percents of the answered public said that they intended to use the hospice service in case of terminal illness. Eighty percents thought that health care insurance should cover hospice service, and 80.9% gave positive response to the necessity of advance directives. Respondents emphasized 'the financial support for the terminal patients' (29.8%), 'covering hospice service with health insurance' (16.5%), and 'the education and public relation for settlement of desirable dying culture and hospice service' (15.9%) as the roles and responsibilities of the government for the dying with dignity. Conclusion: This study shows that there is a possibility of significant consensus on hospice and palliative care system for the dying with dignity of patients and reduction of the suffering for their families among the general public.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2012

Background: Few nurses are trained in palliative care for long-term care in Korea. The End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC)-Geriatric training program improves nurses' ability to promote palliative care for the elderly. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate nurses' satisfaction and knowledge following the attendance at the ELNEC-Geriatric curriculum on nurses' knowledge of palliative care. Methods: Nine ELNEC-Geriatric modules were presented to 203 interdisciplinary professionals on July 1 and 3, 2010, in Seoul, South Korea. The Palliative care quiz for nursing (PCQN) was used to evaluate nurses' knowledge. Of all the participants, 128 nurses were completed the questionnaire. Of these nurses, 45.2% were staff nurses and 73.4% were hospital nurses. Results: Approximately eight nine percent of the nurses reported previous experience in caring for dying patients and attending various hospice palliative care training programs. Overall program satisfaction of the participants was 4.03 on a 5-point scale, and their mean of the total PCQN score was 12.75 out of 20 after participating in ELNEC-Geriatric course, which was a significant improvement (p=.022) from the pretest. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that ELNEC-Geriatric curriculum was successfully implemented and significantly contributed to increasing the nurses' knowledge for palliative care in long-term care in Korea.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of the study is to disclose the spiritual needs of hospice patients. Method : The questionaire survey was carried out on 49 hospice patients and 40 caregivers who were in the 9 hospice institutions from lune to August in 1999. Results : In the patients, mean scores of the spiritual needs were significantly higher in the group with stomach cancer, college education, christians, $8{\sim}14$ days of hospice care and the group thinking that religion was important, and in the caregivers in the group of religions besides christianity and lives under $3{\sim}5$ years of medical treatment. In the total average of the spiritual needs, the patients's average was significantly lower than the caregiver's. Among the different categories, the patient's needs were highest in the area of meaning of life and the hope, the caregiver's needs in the love and the concern. However, both groups were low in the religion area. In the items of the love and the concern, the patient was highly responding to the 'wanting someone to give warm concern in conversation' and the caregiver was highly responding to the 'giving a warm response to questions on the sad and hard time'. And also, the patient was lowly responding to the 'wanting more concerns to him than other patients', and the caregiver was low responding to the 'patients wanting warm response in conversation'. In the categories of religious area both group were highly responding to the 'wanting to be helped to relax out of all'. And they gave lowest response to the 'wanting to introduce a book to know God'. In the area of meaning of life and hope, the both groups gave highest response to the 'wanting to be guided to have the hope' and lowest to the 'wanting to have opportunity to reconcile the person with bad relationship'. Conclusion : Summing up the above results, personal in-depth conversation is necessary to understand more deeply the spiritual needs of hospice patient. Moreover the hospice team needs to have more systematic approach to find out the spiritual needs of hospice patients.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.264-273
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is to explore the relationships among spirituality, death anxiety and burnout level of nurses caring for cancer patients. Methods: Participants were 210 nurses from a cancer hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from April until June 2012 and analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean score for spirituality was 3.51 out of six. Among sub-categories, the one that scored the highest was the purpose and meaning of life, followed by unifying interconnectedness, inner resources and transcendence. The mean score for death anxiety was 3.22, and the sub-categories in the order of high score were denial of death, awareness of the shortness of time, pure death anxiety and fear of matters related to death. For the burnout, the mean was 4.10. Among sub-categories, highest mark was found with emotional exhaustion, followed by depersonalization and personal accomplishment. The spirituality level was negatively correlated with those of death anxiety and burnout. Death anxiety was positively correlated with burnout levels. Nurses with the higher spirituality level also had a higher level of education and experience of spiritual education, believed in the existence of God. In contrast, death anxiety and burnout levels were higher among those with a lower level of education, atheists, and for those who answered that religion has little influence on life. Conclusion: Thus, it is necessary to provide spiritual interventions for nurses who care for cancer patients to develop their spirituality, reduce death anxiety and prevent them from burning out easily.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.310-321
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the level of understanding of hospice palliative care (HPC) and shared decision making (SDM) among middle-aged adults. Methods: Data were collected from 90 middle-aged adults living in D city using a self-reported questionnaire. The SPSS program was used to analyze the data. Results: Among the participants, 76.7% were aware of the HPC while 82.2% of the participants were not aware of SDM. Among all, 85.6% responded positively for needs of HPC, and 77.8% of participants for SDM. Participants with Christian faith (Protestants and Catholics), high income level and present illness were better aware of HPC than others. The most needed services were nursing care and treatment along with systematic counseling and explanation provided by the medical staff. There was also a significant relationship between the HPC factors, gender, income, current health status and current illness status. Participants with high income level were well aware of SDM. Stronger SDM needs were observed among participants with professional jobs or current illness. Conclusion: For continued discussion on HPC and SDM, it is necessary to implement and promote various education programs for medical staff and the public.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.154-160
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• 2001

Purpose : This study, as the first year project of setting up a community based management system, was attempted for the cancer patients and their family to improve their quality of life; investigating and managing the cancer patients, educating volunteers and connecting the patients with the volunteers were performed. Method and result : The education of managing cancer patients for the volunteers was done once in lune for 2 days to the 80 volunteers. Questions about education effect, volunteer motivation and so on were made up. The survey showed, generally, education satisfaction level was high and a longer education and an intensive course were needed and was suggested that organizing a volunteer community be needed for the continuous further education and systematic management. As the result, after the public health center and volunteers deliberated, a volunteer community consisting of 4 teams, 28 members was organized, launched in Oct. and operated for the cancer patients and their family. For investigating and enrolling the patients, advertising on a local information paper, recommending of local doctors, publicizing by educating the heads of a subdivision of the city, the heads of a neighborhood association and the people in charge of the related local communities such as women's society, and surveying the community by volunteers were performed and the total, 41 patients were registered. Management of cancer patients was carried out by volunteers in a community and in a nursing school. A regional volunteers' community is composed of 23 members and they have worked 87 times, that is 3.8 times per capita on an average. The content of duties is attending the education (41.1%) the most. A volunteers' community of nursing students composed of 12 members have worked 135 times, that is 11.3 times per capita on an average. The content of duties - consulting with patients and home visiting (37.8 %) were the most and survey for investigating the cancer patients was the second. Conclusion : This study has the meaning that this is the guiding attempt in building a community based management system, and especially the achievement of this study is that a regional society organized a volunteer community for the cancer patients by itself and went into action for the cancer patients and their family. Furthermore, to activate this volunteering, it is necessary to keep managing volunteers and running continuing education or the intensive course of the volunteers. Indeed we should let the patients have good impression on this program through publicity and education for the residents to keep track of more cancer patients. For that, systematic and powerful cooperation of a self-administrative organization is required.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.36-39
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• 2012

Purpose: Cancer patients require emotional, financial and practical support as well as information/advice regarding their illness. This study aims to explore opportunities and barriers for the provision of the social support services in Australia and Korea. Methods: The survey was carried out by an email questionnaire for social workers in Australia and Korea, and collected data were analyzed using a thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke. Results: In Australia and Korea, various types of social support were available for cancer patients. However, social support for cancer patients should be better understood first in Korea, and more personalized support is needed in Australia. Conclusion: These findings will ultimately help to improve social support services for cancer patients in Korea an Australia, through grasping the current state and making up for the weak points.