• 보건행정학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.145-162
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to understand magnitude and its related factors of user's cost-sharing for non-covered services in long-term care facilities. We corrected data for 1,016 subjects, based on the long-term care benefits cost specification. Eighteen subjects were excluded from the data analysis due to missing data on family care-givers characteristics. Finally, 998 subjects were included in the study. The average cost of non-covered services per month was 209,093 won and distributed from 0 to 1,011,490 won. There was a significant difference by the characteristics of family care-givers and long-term care facilities. The monthly average cost for meal materials per person was 199,181 won(0~558,000), average cost of additional charge caused by using private bed was 232,992 won (50,000~600,000), and costs for haircut and cosmetics were 8,599 won. For the rest, there were various programs costs(93,328 won), diaper and its disposal cost(109,628 won), purchase cost for daily necessaries(24,435 won) and etc. The related factors for the magnitude of non-covered services expenditures were education level of family care-givers, occupancy rate and location of LTC facilities, and the costs of using private bed, haircut and cosmetics, and various programs among non-covered services. These findings suggest that present level range of LTC facilities users' cost-sharing is wide and it is urgent to prepare the standard guideline for cost and level in non-covered services.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.139-171
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• 2012

본 논문은 한국교육개발원의 '학교교육 수준 및 실태 분석 연구: 중학교' 자료를 이용하여 중학교 3학년 학생에 대한 사교육비 지출이 어느 정도의 성적 향상효과가 있는지를 추정한다. 사교육비의 내생성을 통제하기 위해 본 논문은 도구변수법과 비모수 구간추정법(nonparametric bounds analysis)을 사용한다. 분석 결과, 두 방법에서 공통적으로 사교육비 지출의 증가가 유의미한 정도의 성적 향상으로 연결된다는 확실한 증거가 발견되지 않는다. 도구변수법의 결과에 의하면, 10% 높은 사교육비 지출은 국어, 영어, 수학 성적을 각각 약 1.24%, 1.28%, 0.75% 향상시킨다. 구간추정법에서는 국어, 영어, 수학 과목에서 모두 10% 증가된 사교육비 지출의 효과가 0보다 크다는 증거를 찾기 어렵다. 본 논문의 실증 결과는 내생성을 통제한 여타의 연구들과 비슷한 결과를 보여준다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2022

본 연구는 베이비부머세대의 과부담 의료비에 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위하여 한국의료패널조사 2017년 원자료를 분석자료로 이용하여, 베이비부머세대 808명을 최종 분석대상으로 하였다. 분석은 빈도분석, 교차분석, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였고, 모든 검증은 p=.05를 유의수준으로 하였다. 베이비부머세대의 교육수준, 배우자 유무, 의료보장형태, 가구소득, 음주여부, 흡연여부, 주관적 건강상태, 외래진료여부, 입원진료여부가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 베이비부머세대의 평균 질환수는 8.14개 이었고, 남자 7.97개, 여자 8.99개 이었다. 외래 진료평균횟수는 16.81회 이었고, 남자 14.81회, 여자 26.89회 였다. 과부담 의료비 발생률 중 지불능력 40% 이상은 남자 15.3%, 여자 26.3% 였다. 과부담 의료비 지출에 미치는 영향 요인은 남자는 민간보험가입여부, 가구소득, 음주여부, 입원진료여부 이었고, 여자는 민간보험가입여부, 가구소득, 음주여부였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.106-110
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• 2001

For the policy makers and managers as well as the workers at work, it is important to identify what affects, to what extent, the safety level and costs of work sites. Within this context, the author analyzes fifteen construction work sites of the Incheon International Airport from 1996 to 1999 and shows that the expenditures for safety personnel and education programs contribute to reducing industrial accident costs. In addition, the author demonstrates that the regression analysis out-performs Heinrich method in estimating the accident costs of those work sites.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.109-127
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• 2008

There are few studies on the characteristics of debtors in individual rehabilitation procedures, though research in this field is needed. The scarcity of research means that public policy and perception are being made with inadequate information and, to a certain extent, based on personal prejudices and misconceptions. The purpose of this study was to find out demographic, economic and psychological characteristics of debtors in individual rehabilitation procedures. For this study, an in-depth interview was used. The major findings were as follows : The focus of this study is debtors in individual rehabilitation procedures. They were all under 40 and received relatively high educations. Interestingly, they showed a high tendency to use debt and an inability to manage their money. They had short time horizons and imperfect self-control in consumption and borrowing decisions. Monthly income, expenditures, asset and debt of the debtors, and monthly payment to creditors were reported. There were a lot of reasons for their bankruptcy : business failure, job loss, the cost of raising children, and expenditures for entertainment causing them to file for individual rehabilitation procedures. One of the major conclusions of this study was the discovery that their psychological characteristics were nearly the same. The implications of the study suggest that financial education and counseling must consider psychological characteristics.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.105-119
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• 2010

This study investigated the association between the expenditures for childrearing and the intention to have the second childbirth applying the recursive equation models. The major results were as follows. First, more than half of the households with one child did not have an intention to have the second childbirth. Second, about 40% of the household expenditure was spent for childrearing. About 36% of the childrearing expenditure was spent on the childcare and education, and about 64% on purchase of goods and services for child. Third, the variables which had a significant effect on the intention to have the second childbirth were child's age, mother's education, father's income, the private educational expenditure, and consumption expenditure for child. The intention to have the second childbirth did not have a significant effect on the level of childrearing expenditure. The implications for the family policies were suggested.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.179-188
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of demographics on body-cathexis and clothing expenditure of elderly men and women. Data were obtained from 50 men and 58 men and 58 women aged 55 years and older through an mail survey. Body-cathexis consisted of five areas of body parts: head/upper body, lower body, height, weight, and torso. Clothing expenditure was measured by the total dollar value of annual personal expenditures on personal apparel, including accessories, such as shoes, and clothing services. Demographics included income, age, education, sex, marital status, and social participation. Data were analyzed using multiple regression. The results showed that there were relationships between body-cathexis and four demographic variables(income, sex, education, and social participation). Elderly men were more satisfied with their bodies than were elderly women. The subjects with higher income, education, and social participation had a higher degree of body satisfaction. Also, there was a significant relationship between income and clothing expenditure.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.15-29
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• 2023

This study aims to establish a development strategy for higher education in Indonesia's marine and fisheries sector and to present a direction for international development cooperation through evaluating policies and current problems related to higher education in marine and fisheries sector. To achieve the goals of human resources development in marine and fisheries sector, Indonesian government needs to secure non-salary expenditures to strengthen support for areas directly related to the effects of education, such as improving educational facilities, expanding scholarships, and so on. Education institution needs to develop effective teaching methods and systematic practice-based curriculum that reflects the needs of the local fishermen community and fisheries industry. In addition, it is necessary to support the supply of manpower throughout the fisheries industry. Fisheries industry needs to stop relying on the government or education institutions to secure excellent human resources and actively participate and cooperate in the education field so that excellent human resources can flow into the industry. Based on this strategy, international development cooperation for human resources development in Indonesia's marine and fisheries sector should focus on qualitative rather than quantitative expansion of higher education institutions.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 1995

Urben wage workers' education expenditure among different social classes from 1979 to 1993 has been compared. Eduction expenditure has increased much more than that of income resulting from income increase and government policy. Education expenditure gaps among social classes have showed to be an increasing trend although the ratio of education expense to the income has increased among low class families. Average income elasticity was 1.1 and this result showed that education expense was luxury good. Income elasticity of education expense among low class families have fluctuated more than any other classes resulting from construction business cycle and housing rent increase. Average Gini coefficient was 0.38 and turned out to be highest among 9 household expenditures, however it was in the trend of improvement from 81. But from 91 Gini Coefficient went up high again. Main reason for this increase was due to high social class families' eucation expenditure increase. Government's strong policies to enhance equality level of education opportunity and to support low class families are urged.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1998

The major purpose of this study was to investigate chief's perception of institution management according to the types of the institution for the child care and education. The subjects for the analysis were 220 chiefs who actually run the institutions for the child care and education, including kindergarten, private nursery, group day care home, and private educational institute. The data were analyzed by the five different methods, which were frequency, percentage, chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test, using the 7.5 version of SPSSWIN program. The major research results were that (1) the chiefs of the institutions for the child care and education have suffered many difficulties in the administrative and financial respects ; (2) the main area in need of the government's assistance is either that of personnel expenses for teachers or that of expenditures necessary for improving their status ; and (3) on the whole chief's perception of institution management differed by the types of the institution for the child care and education.