• 제목/요약/키워드: Education Expenditures

검색결과 139건 처리시간 0.025초

저출산가계의 재무구조분석 (A study on the financial structure of low-fertility household)

  • 박진영
    • 한국생활과학회지
    • /
    • 제17권4호
    • /
    • pp.679-692
    • /
    • 2008
  • The goal of this study is to analyze one-child households' financial structure. The data from 1022 more than two children households and 236 one-child households were taken from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study(2004). This study compared demographic, socioeconomic and marital characteristics between one-child households and more than two children households. A chi-square test, t-test and multiple regression analysis were used. The major findings were as follows: One-child households were different from more than two children households in demographic socioeconomic characteristics and financial structure. In one-child households, the variable that significantly influenced on consumption expenditures was monthly income and the variables that significantly influenced on private education expenditures were householder's age, home-ownership, monthly income.

Factors Influencing the Consumption Expenditures of Retired Elderly Households: Focused on the Factor of Wealth Components

  • Lee Hee-Sook
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
    • /
    • 제2권1호
    • /
    • pp.17-38
    • /
    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is to take a new look at factors affecting the spending of retired elderly households by identifying the effects of different types of wealth components, along with socio-demographic factors, on current consumption. A tobit linear regression model was utilized to estimate parameters in the consumption functions. Data was drawn from the 1990 Consumer Expenditure Survey, Interview Survey in the United States.Total consumption and various consumption categories were the most responsive to changes in annual income flow and the least responsive to changes in property assets. The four wealth components differed in their influence on consumption categories among retired elderly households. In addition, age, residential area, household type, and education were found to be significant factors affecting total consumption and consumption categories of the retired elderly.

  • PDF

Family Attitudes and Gender Role Divisions of Married Women in Contemporary Vietnam and Korea

  • Chin, Mee-Jung
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
    • /
    • 제12권2호
    • /
    • pp.65-75
    • /
    • 2011
  • This study attempts to examine family attitudes and gender role divisions of married women in contemporary Vietnam and Korea. Drawing data from the 2003 Vietnam Family Study and the 2005 Korean Marriage and Fertility Study, this study investigated 1) attitudes of married women toward marriage, cohabitation, divorce, and having children, 2) decision making on household expenditures, and 3) household work division between husband and wife. The results showed that married Korean women were less inclined toward traditional family attitudes regarding marriage and children than married Vietnamese women. Decision on routine household expenditures was made and household work was done mostly by the wife in the two countries. In comparison, married Vietnamese men took more responsibilities for important financial decisions and child education than married Korean men. These overall findings imply that patriarchical family and gender role norms were preserved to larger extent in contemporary Vietnam than in Korea.

은퇴노인가계와 취업노인가계의 소득, 지출 및 자산의 비교분석 (The comparative analysis of income, expenditure and asset between retired elderly households and employed elderly households)

  • 김연정
    • 대한가정학회지
    • /
    • 제36권7호
    • /
    • pp.57-67
    • /
    • 1998
  • This study was to compare the financial status between elderly households - retired vs employed. The sample obtained from 1994 KHPS, and consisted of 628 Korean aged households who are currently married. Statistics employed to analyze the data are mean, frequency, percentile, t-test, and relative-ratio. The results of this study were as follows ; In income sources, earned income was majority of employed households, but the percent of unearned income was greater than retired households. While the percent of cloth, education, recreation expenditures were high in employed, and medical, housing expenditures wee high percentage in retired. The percentage of real asset(housing) was majority of total asset in two groups. And the percentage of safe liquid asset of retired households was relatively higher than employed households.

  • PDF

한부모가족의 가계지출에 영향을 미치는 요인: 모자가족과 부자가족의 지출 비교 (Determinants of household expenditure in single-parent families: A comparison between single-mother families and single-father families)

  • 고선강
    • 가족자원경영과 정책
    • /
    • 제22권1호
    • /
    • pp.99-118
    • /
    • 2018
  • This study examines household expenditure patterns for single-parent families to better understand the decision-making process and to consider the appropriateness of the decisions on monetary allocation. This study investigates the household expenditure patterns and the determinants of expenditure patterns for single-father families as compared to those for single-mother families. A series of analyses of the data, which was gathered from the 2015 Single-parent Family Survey on household expenditures, were conducted. The results show that there are differences in the household expenditure volumes and patterns between single-father families and single-mother families. Differences in the categories of expenditure and variations in the share that was allocated for each expenditure category in single-father families as compared to in single-mother families were both statistically significant. Disparities were found in seven categories of household expenditure between single-father families and single-mother families. The amount allocated from total expenditures for each expenditure category was also significantly different between single-father families and single-mother families in regards to clothing, home equipment, housing, water/light/heat costs, transportation, and telecommunication. The determinants of the total household expenditure for single-parent families were age, level of education, number of family members, public transfer, household income, assets, and debt.

The Effect of Government Expenditure on Unemployment in India: A State Level Analysis

  • NEPRAM, Damodar;SINGH, Salam Prakash;JAMAN, Samsur
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • 제8권3호
    • /
    • pp.763-769
    • /
    • 2021
  • The relationship between government size and unemployment is an important topic of study in economics. Large public expenditure has been blamed for causing higher unemployment contrary to the belief that it would help in reducing unemployment. More research on the topic, however, needs to be done as the available literature has been based largely on data from developed countries. The present paper examines the existence of the relationship in states of India by using panel data analysis. For more comprehensive study, public expenditure is divided into development, non-development, and aggregate expenditures, while the types of unemployment under consideration are usual status and current weekly status. Indeed, it has been observed that development and non-development expenditures increase both the types of unemployment though the impact of the latter is higher. The findings are important as it implies that a cut in expenditure can be an important fiscal tool to fight unemployment. It was further observed that unemployment was higher among states with a more educated population, which also suggests a revisiting of the education policy in the country. States ruled by left parties have higher unemployment rate. Higher income states as well as states with higher growth rate tend to have lower unemployment rate.

교육이 소비의 효율성에 미치는 영향 -가계생산활동 이론의 응용- (The Effect of Education on Efficiency in Consumption -An Application of the Household Production Function Approach-)

  • 김기옥
    • 대한가정학회지
    • /
    • 제26권1호
    • /
    • pp.123-136
    • /
    • 1988
  • This study attempts to shed some lights on an effect of consumer education by using the formal education as a proxy variable and measuring the effect of the formal education on consumer behavior. This study utilizes economic theories and develops a theory to analyze the effect. Within the conceptual framework employed in this study, it is hypothesized that education raises productivity in the nonmarket sector and thereby affects consumer behavior in the same manner as money income affects behavior. the data are taken from the self-administered questionnaires among 553 housewives in July 1987. the procedure used is to fit separate engel curves for the expenditures on various goods by the weighted regression technique. The empirical results support the hpothesis. Therefore, this study shows positive effects of education on the productivity of household production functions. This result implies that consumer education would enhance efficiency in consumer behavior significantly.

  • PDF

서울시내 대학 내 보건의료시설의 현황 (The Current Status of College Health Service Centers in Seoul)

  • 박현아
    • 한국학교보건학회지
    • /
    • 제13권2호
    • /
    • pp.341-347
    • /
    • 2000
  • Background : One-quarter of Koreans are either students or school employeeS. Therefore, school health programs for them have high levels of cost-benefit. School health programs, though, are focused on services such as vaccination and physical examination according to administrational regulations without systemic planning. Futhermore, college health programs run autonomously, not under the supervision of the Ministry of Education. It is my intention to analyse the current status of college school health service centers and use the basic data so generated to model how they might operate at an optimal level of efficiency. Methods : I intended to investigate all 29 colleges in Seoul except some specialized colleges such as theological schools in the two-month period of August and September, 1999. I used the telephone interview method to ask questions relating to personal composition, medical equipment in use, annual expenditure and the provision of school health services. School health services were composed of three items; health servies, health education and a healthy school environment. Results : 27 college health service centers were surveyed. The median number of medical personal in each center was 2, the range was 1-31. 7 centers(25.9%) have only nurses with no doctors. Annual expenditures of 11 centers(50.1%) was less than 10 million won, 19 center(70.4%) were maintained by support from their college. Thirteen centers(48.1%) provided doctor's examinations, 6 centers(22.2%) provided dental care services, laboratory services were provided by seven centers(25.9%). Some 81.5% of the centers had vaccination programs and 44.5% had health education programs. There was no school environment program except insecticide provisions. College health service centers with school doctors differed from centers without school doctors in terms of medical equipment range, annual expenditures and annual case loads. Conclusion : The structure and function of college health service centers in Seoul are diverse. However, no center has a well-organized school health plan.

  • PDF

사교육비 지출의 성적 향상 효과에 관한 국제비교 (An International Comparison of the Effect of Private Education Spending on Student Academic Performance: Evidence from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2006)

  • 강창희
    • 노동경제논집
    • /
    • 제32권3호
    • /
    • pp.61-89
    • /
    • 2009
  • 본 논문은 CECD의 PISA 2006 자료를 사용하여 전 세계의 상이한 국가들에서 사교육에 대한 지출(private education expenditures)이 학업성적 향상에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 추정하였다. 사교육비 지출의 내생성을 통제하기 위하여 성향점수 매칭법을 사용하였다. 실증 결과에 의하면, PISA 2006 자료에 조사된 15개 국가들 각각에서 사교육비 지출의 효과는 그리 크지 않다. 사교육비 지출을 10% 증가시킬 때 성적은 평균 0.6% 정도 또는 그 이하로 증가한다.

  • PDF

직장여성의 의복소비가치에 따른 패션트렌드선호경향 (Fashion Trend Preferences According to Clothing Consumption Values - Focusing on Career Women -)

  • 나수임
    • 한국의상디자인학회지
    • /
    • 제6권3호
    • /
    • pp.67-81
    • /
    • 2004
  • This research demonstrates clothing consumption values, fashion preferences of career women from the early 1920s to late 1930s. And having thorough understanding of values and preferences, allows us to establish marketing strategies for clothing companies. The main purpose of this study is (1) to formalize consumer group based upon the clothing consumption values, (2) to find for characteristics of consumer depending on classification of consumption value in clothing, (3) to understand the preferences of career women about fashion trends. Analyzing data was performed 292 copies, resulting factor analysis, Cluster analysis, X-test, Anova, Tukey test, t-test, frequency analysis, and reliability analysis. This paper showed 7 distinctive characteristics of career women about clothing consumption value. These characteristics can be listed as 1) value of brand image, 2) value of self-expression, 3) functional values, 4) epistemic values, 5) coordination values, 6) social values 7) psychological values. Importantly, brand image value became most significant aspects among 7 factors. Analyzing consumers based upon stated 7 factors, it was found that they are segregated into 4 groups; Self-expressive Group, Psychological Stability Group, Functional Group, Social Group. Secondly, for fashion trend preferences, self-expressive group, psychological stability group, and functional group favored Romantic Feminine Style respectively. Social Group showed preference in Nu-Basic'. The reason for such trend dealt with fabric materials and colors. Finally examining population statistics, younger generations showed more preferences in Nu-Basic', and consumers from ages of 26 to 28, 32 to 34 showed preferences in Romantic Feminine' regardless of their household income, clothing related expenditures, jobs, and education level. On the other hand, 'Modem Classic' was popular among college graduates and 'Paradise' was somewhat less popular among all ages except from ages of 32 to 34, consumers consumption 300,000Won to 400,000Won on clothing related expenditures. And 'Energy' seemed to attract more highly educated females, who had more than masters in degrees with over 300,000 to 400,000Won for clothing related expenditures.

  • PDF