• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2018

Purpose - It suggests that making a policy and strategies for a way of Dubai has a strong priority strategy on science and technology by using much oil dollars to prepare risk when oil dollar's decrease. This has been now investigated how the leading innovator has changed the periphery countries. Research design, data, and methodology - Analyze policy, status, what other neighbouring Middle East countries also want to benchmark a successful case of a leading Dubai strategy. Higher manpower is needed absolutely to develop S&T. and etc. Dubai and Arab countries establish university to nurture as well as invite the talented manpower from overseas to recover deficient manpower. Dubai built totally academy city and invited branch of the overseas famous university, and Saudi Arabia built university(KAUST) and invite faculty and support good scholarship for students. Abrab countries especially, This is studied the process of differentiating and integrating the migrant workers of these cities into the globalized cities. This has resulted in large-scale employment for foreign and local companies in these cities and the spread of science and innovation. Results - Dubai supports venture or SMEs by using a strong priority strategy and attracts foreigner's investor, with which the neighbouring countries have been preparing together for 4th wave. It demonstrates that the gravitational model has been activated from neighboring countries of innovation science to create Dubai's hub. The maturity of long-term urban innovation is related to innovation capability through the national response and review. As a result, the flow of skilled international migration has been localized because of the mutual intersection with the local employment structure, and the development has spread as it spreads to neighboring countries. Conclusion - For the exploiting of new Distribution market in the neighbouring countries, Middle East countries' a strong priority strategy on S&T and education system give an influence on economic situation of the 4th wave in the world and world order of leading by USA, Japan, or EU, and etc. This is due to the creation of clusters in the form of SEZs, friendly industrial policies and world-class infrastructure and innovation development. Its neighbours benchmark the cases of distribution of science innovation and centralizes the surrounding people.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.140-147
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 우수 유출량을 일정수준 이하로 제어할 수 있는 화단형 침투시설을 개발하여 이의 적정 설계침투량을 산정하고 적용효과를 분석하였다. 침투시설의 설계침투량을 산정하고 성능을 분석하는 것은 지구단위계획과 같은 공간계획에 구체적으로 빗물침투시설을 계획할 경우에 적용 후 효과를 예측하는데 있어 반드시 검토되어야 할 사항이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한국건설기술연구원 실험동 옆 주차장을 대상으로 본 시설의 단위설계침투량에 변화를 주어 물수지 분석 프로그램을 이용, 유출량 감소효과를 분석하였다. 침투시설의 설계침투량을 $0.1{\sim}3m^3/m^2.day$로 각각 변화를 주어 유출율 변화를 분석한 결과, $1.0m^3/m^2.day$에서 유출량 80%를 침투시키는 것으로 분석되었으며, 이때의 단위설계침투량이 0.0416($m^3/m^2.hr$)이었다. 또한 개발한 시스템을 현장침투실험한 결과, 단위설계침투량이 약 $0.045m^3/m^2.hr$으로 나타났다. 이 값은 시뮬레이션한 단위설계침투량과 유사한 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 경제적인 규모와 환경적 효과를 최대한 고려한 침투량 산정이 가능하였으며, 또한 도시에서의 녹색인프라로서 빗물침투시설을 공간계획에 적용할 때 고려할 수 있는 근거를 마련했다는 데 의의를 갖는다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2000

본 연구는 B 염색조합 공동폐수처리장의염색폐수 처리공정중 Fenton 공정에서 발생되는 무기슬러지의 처리 및 재활용에 관한 연구로서, Pilot plant에 의하여 재용해철($Fe^{3+}$)과 FECL의 혼합용액을 사용한 연속식 산화실험 결과, 처리수의 $COD_{cl}$ 는 대략 100 mg/l이하였으며 이때 $COD_{cl}$제거율은 78.9%로 $H_2O_2/Fe^{total}$가 대략 1.5범위에서 최적치를 나타내었다. 슬러지의 용해공정 후에 배출되는 2차 슬러지에 대하여 3성분을 측정하여 1차 슬러지와 비교해 볼 때 회분은 약 85%가 감소되었으며, 건조기준 총 슬러지는 약 65%의 감량율을 나타내었고, 슬러지의 속의 철염의 재용해율은 대략 90~95%정도였다 슬러지 재활용공정의 예상투자비용은 시설용량 30,000 $m^3$/d/d 기준으로 약 3.5억원이 소요되며, 예상운영비는 하루에 약 130만원(연간 4.2억원)의 절감을 예상할 수 있으며, 투자비에 대한 이자비용을 감안하면 설비투자비용에 대한 투자자본금 회수기간(PP)은 약 10.5개월이 필요하고, 회계적이익율(ARR)은 179%, 순현재가치(NPV)는 7.92억원, 내부수익률(IRR)은 약 110%로 충분한 투자가치가 있는 것으로 판명되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2015

본 연구는 2010~2014년 사이에 중앙정부가 추진한 시 군구 통합정책을 다차원분석모형에 기초하여 분석하고 있다. 2010년 이후 중앙정부는 환경변화로 생활권과 행정구역이 일치하지 않게 되었거나, 인구고령화 등으로 인구가 급격히 감소한 지방자치단체를 대상으로 통합을 추진하여 효율성을 증진시키려 하였다. 그러나 중앙정부의 의도와는 달리, 지역주민의 공감대 부족, 정치적 반대 등 복잡한 요인의 영향으로 최종적으로 중앙정부가 선정한 16개 지역 36개 시 군 구 중에서 시 군 구 통합에 성공한 지역은 단 1개(청주 청원)에 그쳤다. 본 연구는 다차원분석모형에 따라 이명박정부가 추진한 시 군 구 통합정책을 규범적, 구조적, 구성적, 기술적 측면에서 분석 평가한 결과, 다음과 같은 이유로 정책이 성공적으로 추진되지 못하였다는 결론을 도출하였다. 규범적 측면에서 통합 대상 지역 주민들 사이에 통합의 가치에 대한 공감대를 형성하지 못했고, 구조적 측면에서 기존에 형성되어 있는 지역의 문화 정치적 정서 차이를 극복하지 못한 상태에서 정책이 중앙정부 주도로 추진되었다. 구성적 측면에서 통합 대상 지역의 이익을 대표하는 구성원들의 이해관계를 통합과정에 충실히 조정하지 못하였으며, 기술적 측면에서도 통합의 유인제도 설계에 지역주민의 수요가 적절히 반영되지 못하였다. 이러한 결과는 향후에 이루어질 시 군 구 통합정책이 규범적, 구조적, 구성적, 기술적 측면에서 통합 대상 지역주민의 의견을 충실히 반영하는 방향으로 설계되고, 충분한 시간을 두고 자율적인 참여를 통해 이루어질 수 있도록 유도하는 방향으로 추진되어야 한다는 정책적 함의를 주고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2012

Objectives : Childhood depressive disorder one of the most prevalent chronic health conditions affecting school aged children. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of childhood depressive disorder in Korea. Methods : In this study, a survey was conducted of elementary school children in the Cheonan area from September 2009 to August 2010. A total of 12,084 children were included in the analyses. The primary measure of depression was the 27-item Kovacs' Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Korean Dupaul attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Rating Scales (K-ARS), Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) and Restless Legs Syndrome Questionnaire (RLSQ) were also administered. Results : The prevalence rate of childhood depressive disorder was 3.07%. The mean age was $9.21{\pm}1.81$ years for the control group (5,969 male, 6,054 female) and $9.91{\pm}1.83$ years for the depression group (CDI score${\geq}$22 ; 159 male, 210 female). Age, height, weight, and economic status were similar for the two groups. However, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of sex. The distribution of school grade also differed between the two groups. Scores for CDI, K-ARS, and ASSQ in the depressive group were higher than those of the control group. Conclusions : This is the first large-scale population-based study to report on the prevalence of childhood depressive disorder in South Korea. Increased rates of childhood depressive disorder, as reported by primary caretakers, might reflect the increasing negative impact of environmental risk factors on neurobehavioral health. Longitudinal study of the prevalence of childhood depressive disorder should be considered for further evaluation.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1477-1485
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• 2012

This study examined urbanization effects and the causes of urbanization, urban population growth, increase of the city scale, land cover change, and human cultures and economic activities, using the daily minimum temperatures of the past 50 years (1961-2010) with the subject of Busan and analyzed correlations between urbanization effects and the causes of urbanization. Thereby, this paper drew a conclusion as below: 1) Due to the urbanization effects, the average annual daily minimum temperature increased as about $1.2^{\circ}C$; however, except for the factor of urbanization, the increase was shown as about $0.2^{\circ}C$. The occupancy of urbanization effects in the total temperature increase was quite high as about 83%. 2) Just like other cities experiencing urbanization, Busan, too, sees population growth and the expansion of city area as well as increased urbanization effects. First of all, correlation between population growth and urbanization effect was high as 0.96 before 1985 while it was lowered as 0.19 after 1985. Also, correlation between the increase of city area and urbanization effect was high as 0.64 and 0.79 before and after 1985. 3) Regarding the correlation between long-term land use change and urbanization effect, urbanization effect was affected greatly by the increase of city area (0.97) and reduction of green area (0.92). 4) Concerning human activities possible to affect the climatic factors of a city, this paper found the following factors: road length, car increase, power use, and the consumer price index, etc. And regarding the correlation between the three factors and urbanization effect, the correlation was higher in the consumer price index (0.97), the number of registered cars (0.89), power use (0.75), and road length (0.58) in order.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.552-568
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• 1992

Recent improvements in the standard of living, national income and medical care, and a decline in the infant death rate which have occurred related to economic growth and modernization, have led to a longer average life-span and a higher ratio of elderly people in the total population, Therefore, not only in the field of nursing science, but also in the field of many other discipline, issues concerning the elderly have been given increasing interest. A great deal of effort has been spent on increasing the quality of life for elderly people. This study was conducted to analyze the correlation between social support and quality of life. The sample consisted of III subjects residing at home and 107 subjects residing in institutions all of whom were over 65 years of age. The data collection period was from October 23, 1990 to January 26, 1991. Social support was measured using the Norbeck social Support Questionnaire developed by Norbeck, translated by Oh, Ka Sil and quality of life was measured using the QOL scale developed by No, You Ja. Data were analyzed using pereentages, t-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows : 1. There was a statistically signifivant difference in the level of social support between the two groups (t＝-8.83, p＜.001), The elderly at home reported a much higher level of social support. 2. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of QOL between the two groups (t＝-5.77, p＜.001) . The elderly at home reported a much more positive quality of life. 3. There was a positive correlation between social support and QOL for the elderly at home ard it was statistically significant (r＝.32, p＜.001). 4. There was a postitive collealtion between social support and QOL for the elderly in institutions and it was also statistically significant (r＝.19, p＜.05). 5. The relationship between the general characteristics of the elderly at home and the variables of social support and of QOL were as follows ; 1) according to sex(t＝10.57, p＜.01) and the number of offspring(F＝6.19, p＜.01), there was a statistically significant difference in social support. 2) according to amount of Pocket money, there was a statistically significant difference in QOL(F＝2.98, p＜.05). 6. The relationship between the general characteristics of the elderly in institutions and the two variables were as follows ; 1) according to sex(t＝6.24, p＜.05), the number of offspring(F＝6.16, p＜.001) and religion (F＝2.58, p＜.05), there was a statistically significant difference in social support. 2) according to religion, there was a statistically significant difference in QOL(F＝2.90, p＜.05). In conclusion, it can be said that social support is an important variable related to QOL in the elderly and that social support levels are higher for the elderly residing at home. Therefore, more specific and objective approaches and efforts are needed to effectively use resources to maintain the elderly at home and to enhance social support available to the elderly in institutions and thereby increase QOL regardless of residence.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

Purpose: Various studies to solve the problem of increased energy consumption in the buildings are being carried out recently. Especially, the economic feasibility and insulation performance of the air-cap have been verified so that various studies regarding the reduction of building energy consumption have been carried out. However, previous studies regarding the air-cap were only carried out based on the verification of its insulation performance according to the size and attachment position of the air-cap. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest a detachable air-cap module for improving the performance of the windows, evaluate the performance based on cooling, heating and light environments and verify its effectiveness through a real-scale testbed. Method: In this study, the energy saving performance in the circumstance where there is no attachment of an air-cap (Case 1), the circumstance where there is the attachment of air-cap on the glass surface of window (Case 2) and the circumstance where there is the attachment of an air-cap on the window frame (Case 3) were compared in order to verify the performance of the detachable air-cap module (Case 4), and the electricity consumption of cooling, heating and lighting equipment to maintain the appropriate indoor temperature and Illuminance for each case was calculated and utilized as indicators for the performance evaluation. Result: The result of this study is as follows. 1) In this study, the detachable air-cap module which was easily detachable through the principle of the magnet was suggested. 2) When Case 4 is applied, the electricity consumption of cooling and heating equipment can be reduced by 27.5%, 13.2% and 3.4% in comparison with Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively. 3) When the air-cap is applied to the window, the lighting energy consumption increases by 4 % in comparison to the non application of the air-cap, and this factor or aspect should be considered when applying the air-cap. 4) According to the performance evaluation result in consideration of cooling, heating and light environments, Case 4 demonstrates an energy saving ratio of 22.6%, 10.6% and 2.7% in comparison to Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively, indicating that it is effective for improving the performance of windows.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.33-55
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• 2011

한국 은행산업의 시장집중은 1997~98년 금융위기 이후 은행들의 합병, 인수 등으로 현저하게 증가하였다. 이러한 변화와 함께, 한국 금융부문의 시장지배력에 대한 우려 또한 늘어났다. 본고는 1992~2006년의 기간 동안 한국에서의 은행의 효율성과 경쟁도에 대한 시장집중도 변화의 효과를 분석하고자 한다. 은행 비효율성의 측정을 위하여 방향성 기술거리함수에서 도출되는 X-비효율을 포함한 세 가지 다른 지표가 본 연구에 사용되었으며, 은행의 경쟁도는 Panzar-Rosse 모형의 H-통계로, 또는 순이자 마진의 수준과 편차의 변화로 측정하였다. 실증분석 결과에 따르면, 시장집중 증가가 규모 및 범위의 경제를 통해 은행의 효율성을 제고하지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 오히려 최근의 은행 합병, 인수와 통합은 세 가지 지표(X-비효율, 노동 비효율 및 자산 비효율)에 의해 측정된 비효율성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 개별 은행의 시장점유율 증가는 은행의 효율성을 개선시키는 반면, 전체 은행의 시장집중도의 증가는 효율성을 낮추는 결과를 초래했다. 또한 본 연구는, 한국의 은행부문은 금융위기 기간을 제외한 샘플 기간 동안 독점적 경쟁의 특징을 가지고 있다는 결과를 얻었다. 시장집중도의 증가는 은행 경쟁도의 전반적인 수준에 변화를 초래하지는 않았지만, 평균 이자 마진의 수준에 통계적으로 유의적인 정(+)의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2010년도 춘계 학술대회 제22권1호
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• pp.39-40
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• 2010

건물이 대형화 고층화되어 감에 따라서 층고를 절감시킴과 동시에 장스팬을 구현할 수 있는 부재에 대한 요구가 늘어가고 있다. 비록 많은 연구자에 의해서 층고절감과 장스팬에 대한 요구를 만족시키기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있지만, 여전히 두 가지 요구사항을 동시에 만족시키는 효율적인 시스템이 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 파형웨브를 가진 프리스트레스 합성보는 시공성과 구조적인 성능을 동시에 향상시킬 수 있다. 시공과정에서 발생할 수 있는 비대칭 하중에 상대적으로 작은 부재를 가지고 강한 저항성을 발휘하여 시공성을 높일 수 있으며, 또한 동바리와 서포트 등의 가설부재를 줄임으로써 경제성도 확보할 수 있다. 파형웨브는 아코디언효과를 만들기 때문에 프리스트레스의 도입효율이 좋아져 더 큰 상향치올림를 유발시켜 부재의 처짐을 줄일 수 있다. 5개의 실험체를 제작하여 제안한 합성보의 효율성을 검토하였는데 그 주요한 변수로는 웨브와 플렌지에 용접된 형태와 drape point의 개수이다. 실험을 통하여 제안한 프리스트레스 합성보가 기존에 프리스트레스를 도입하지 않은 합성보 보다 큰 휨강성과 휨강도를 발휘한다는 것을 증명하였다.