• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.8
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• pp.589-601
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• 2022

Although drought is a natural phenomenon, its damage occurs in combination with regional physical and social factors. Especially, related to the supply and demand of various waters, drought causes great socio-economic damage. Even meteorological droughts occur with similar severity, its impact varies depending on the regional characteristics and water supply system. Therefore, this study assessed regional drought risk considering regional socio-economic factors and water supply system. Drought hazard was assessed by grading the joint drought management index (JDMI) which represents water shortage. Drought vulnerability was assessed by weighted averaging 10 socio-economic factors using Entropy, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). Drought response capacity that represents regional water supply factors was assessed by employing Bayesian networks. Drought risk was determined by multiplying a cubic root of the hazard, vulnerability, and response capacity. For the drought hazard meaning the possibility of failure to supply water, Goesan-gun was the highest at 0.81. For the drought vulnerability, Daejeon was most vulnerable at 0.61. Considering the regional water supply system, Sejong had the lowest drought response capacity. Finally, the drought risk was the highest in Cheongju-si. This study identified the regional drought risk and vulnerable causes of drought, which is useful in preparing drought mitigation policy considering the regional characteristics in the future.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.37-50
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• 2014

Banking institutions have been facing variety of difficulties but the major cause of serious banking problems relates to lax credit standards for borrowers and counterparties, poor portfolio risk management, or a lack of attention to changes in economic or other circumstances that can lead to deterioration in the credit standing of a bank's counterparties. Although credit risk is an important factor that financial institutions should cope with, but the determinants of measuring credit risk have been studied less. This paper attempts to explore the determinants of credit risk measurement and to identify the factors that contribute to credit risk measurement practices in Indian banks and to compare credit risk measurement practices followed by Indian public and private sector banks, the empirical study has been conducted and views of employees of various banks have been tested using statistical tools. This study explored the phenomenon from different perspectives and revealed that single-name credit risk measurement and portfolio credit risk measurement are the key components that contribute to credit risk measurement in Indian banks. From the descriptive and analytical results, it can be concluded that Indian banks efficiently measure credit risk. The results also indicate that there is a significant difference between the Indian public and private sector banks in single-name credit risk measurement while, these banks do not significantly differ in portfolio credit risk measurement aspect.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.159-177
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• 1998

Although each company is trying to develop an economic analysis model with its own particular style or format, the appropriate method is not yet developed because there are many problems to be solved such as uncertainity of outcomes and intangible benefits of technology. The purpose of tris paper therefore is to suggest an economic analysis methodology, which reflects the complexity and the risk of R&D investment, through a case study on the development of a superconductor fault current limiter. A self-developed Monte Carlo simulation program utilized as a main tool in this paper was very useful for risk analysis of R&D investment which could not be solved in the previous DCF(Discounted Cash Flow) model. We also introduce learning effect to consider the intangible benefits such as Know-How obtained from R&D execution. The expected value and its probability distribution for R&D investment can be obtained by combining the Monte Carlo method with the decision tree approach. This result is helpful in judging the priority and the resource-allocation of R&D projects. It is however necessary to develop more precise model for quantifying the technology stock and the simulation program using the continuous probability distribution in expected values to improve the reliability of economic analysis on R&D projects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2019

This study is to identify the heat vulnerability area as represented by heat risk factors which could be attributable to heat-related deaths. The heat risk factors were temperature, Older Adults(OA), Economic Disadvantage(ED), Accessibility of Medical Services(AMS), The population Single Person Households(SPH). The factors are follow as; the temperature means to the number of days for decades average daily maximum temperature above $31^{\circ}C$, the Older Adults means to population ages 65 and above, furthermore, the Economic Disadvantage means to the population of Basic Livelihood Security Recipients(BLSR), the Accessibility of Medical Services(AMS) means to 5 minutes away from emergency medical services. The results of the analysis are showed that the top-level of temperature vulnerability areas is Dong, the top-level of vulnerability OA areas is Eup, the top-level of AMS vulnerability is Eup. Moreover, the top-level of vulnerability ED area appears in the Eup and Dong. The result of analysing relative importance to each element, most of the Eup were vulnerable to heat. Since, there are many vulnerable groups such as Economic Disadvantage, Older Adults in the Eup. We can be figured out estimated the number of heat-related deaths was high in the Eup and Dong by the data of emergency activation in the Chungcheongnam-do Fire Department. Therefore, the result of this study could be reasonable.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2020

Objectives: In recent years, multiple studies have investigated the issue of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Korea. However, most of those studies have focused on IPV against women, while overlooking the problem of men IPV victimization. Considering this, the current study identified risk and protective factors for IPV and examined their influence on IPV victimization among Korean men. Methods: We used a nationally representative sample of 1668 Korean men from the 2013 Korea National Survey on Domestic Violence. The associations between potential IPV risk factors and different types of IPV were investigated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Specifically, separate analyses were conducted of 5 types of IPV (neglect, controlling behaviors, emotional violence, economic violence, and physical violence). Results: The prevalence of IPV among Korean men and women showed only marginal gender differences. Controlling behaviors (men, 23.3%; women, 23.9%) and emotional violence (men, 16.5%; women, 18.8%) were the most common types of IPV reported, followed by neglect (men, 11.2%; women, 11.7%). Separate logistic regression analyses for the 5 subtypes of IPV revealed that mutual IPV was a strong predictor of IPV. Men who abused their wives were more likely to experience neglect (odds ratio [OR], 29.24; p<0.01), controlling behaviors (OR, 36.61; p<0.01), emotional violence (OR, 58.07; p<0.01), economic violence (OR, 18.78; p<0.01), and physical violence (OR, 38.09; p<0.01). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that IPV intervention strategies should particularly focus on couples whose relationship is characterized by patterns of bidirectional violence.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.149-161
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to analyze information search activity in purchasing behavior of household electric goods. Qusetionare survey method was used in this research. The sample was taken from 302 housewives living in Seoul, from 9th of Nov. to 20th of Nov, in 1991. Used statical methods were Frequency, Percentage, Crosstab, Anova, and Regression Analysis. The major findings are summarized as follows : 1) Component elements of information search : The means of acquiring information is that friends, neighbors, sales are most. A cause of choosing information is the sequence of satisfaction after using, easiness of interaction. The time in choosing goods is more month. 2) Component element of information search as social economic status housewife : children numbers and means of acquiring information(P<.01), education and a cause of choosing information(P<.05), life cost per month and a cause of choosing information(P<.05), social economic status and a time information search are significant. 3) A perception of risk as searching information : Among searching content of information a price influence a perception of risk. 4) Content of searching information and satisfaction of purchasing experience : Best choice is significant as quality of goods, difference of quality is significant as safety and degree of offering information is significant as a brand. 5) Satisfaction of purchasing experience following practical use of information : Best choice is significant as viewing of an exhibit and opinion of user. Difference of quality is not significant as any vairable. Degree of offer information influence searching pamphlet, searching an advertisement and opinion of user. 6) A perception of risk following source of an information : A perception of risk is most influenced by pamphlet.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to analyse the risk and uncertainty involved in the capital budgeting which is executed in long periods and requires massive capital expenditure. Under risk and uncertainty conditions, the estimates in the capital budgeting are random variables rather than known constants. Two approaches have emerged in performing economic analysis that explicitly incorporate risk and uncertainty conditions in the analysis. One approach is to develop a descriptive model which describes the economic performance of an individual investment alternative. But no recomendation would be forthcoming from the model. Rather, the decision-maker would be furnished descriptive information concerning each alternative; the final choice among the alternatives would required a separate action. The second approach is to develop a normative model which includes an objective function to be maximized or minimized. The output from the model prescribes the course of action to be taken. Owing to the fact that the normative approach considers the fitness of criteria for decision-making its reasonableness looks better. But it is almost imposible that we correctly and easily derive the individuals' utility function. So within we recognize the limits of the descriptive methods, it is more practicle to analyse the investment alternatives by sensitivity analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.52-61
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the characteristics between adolescents who have run away from home before and who have contemplated running away from home before, and to find risk factors that predict runaway behavior among them. Methods: The data of 「the survey on adolescents' right to adequate housing and the way to ensure their housing with the focus on social exclusion」 by the National Youth Policy Institute (2020) were analyzed. A total of 494 adolescents were included in the study. Descriptive statistics, x2 test, t-test, and simple and multiple logistic regressions were carried out using SAS 9.2. Results: Gender, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and school level were significantly different between the two groups. From the multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds ratio for runaway behavior was significantly higher in male students (AOR: 2.14, p<.001), lower in the middle economic class than in the high economic class (AOR: 0.64, p=.051), lower in the 4th quartile group of self-esteem (AOR: 0.52, p=.041), and higher in high school students (AOR: 1.55, p=.050). Conclusion: Considering that male students, students from wealthier families, students with low self-esteem, and high school students are high-risk groups for runaway behavior, among adolescents who have contemplated running away before, interventions targeting these groups are needed.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2024

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is regarded as a critical factor contributing to the failure of primary and revision total joint arthroplasty (TJA). With the increasing prevalence of TJA, a significant increase in the incidence of PJI is expected. The escalating number of cases, along with the significant economic strain imposed on healthcare systems, place emphasis on the pressing need for development of effective strategies for prevention. PJI not only affects patient outcomes but also increases mortality rates, thus its prevention is a matter of vital importance. The longer-term survival rates for PJI after total hip and knee arthroplasty correspond with or are lower than those for prevalent cancers in older adults while exceeding those for other types of cancers. Because of the multifaceted nature of infection risk, a collaborative effort among healthcare professionals is essential to implementing diverse strategies for prevention. Rigorous validation of the efficacy of emerging novel preventive techniques will be required. The combined application of these strategies can minimize the risk of infection, thus their comprehensive adoption is important. Collectively, the risk of PJI could be substantially minimized by application of a multifaceted approach implementing these strategies, leading to improvement of patient outcomes and a reduced economic burden.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.216-226
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• 2015

This study identifies factors of perceived risk of up-cycling fashion products and investigates perceived risk factors that influence consumers' trust, purchase intention, and recommendation intention towards upcycling fashion products. We also examine the relationship of trust, purchase intention, and recommendation intention for upcycling fashion products. A qualitative research method using a free narrative form and depth interview were used. The perceived risk from up-cycling fashion products generated 5 factor solutions: aesthetic risk, sanitary risk, social risk, performance risk, and economic risk. Next, 201 effective data were collected from a questionnaire survey and analyzed with SPSS 22.0. The results are summarized as follows. First, aesthetic risk and performance risk had a negative effect on products. Second, aesthetic risk and performance risk had negative influence on purchase intention for upcycling fashion products. Third, performance risk had a negative impact on recommendation intention for upcycling fashion products. Fourth, trust had positive effect on purchase intention and recommendation intention for upcycling fashion products. The results of the current study provides various theoretical and practical implications for marketers and retailers interested in up-cycling fashion products.