• 교육시설
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1994

This study was taken to increase efficiency in reviewing documents of school facilities from the network of ERIV(Educational Resources and Information Center, USA). Outline of the ERIC network, and the structure, role, function of the ERIC thesaurus are introduced. A thesaurus have developed for information retrieval purpose provides the filing labels which permit information to be stored by one person and retrieved by another. As an information system grows, its thesaurus is systematically built and refined to the point where it represents, in a very special sense, the vocabulary of subject field. The Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors represents such a vocabulary for the field education. An understanding of its origins, its function and its limitations, is just as important to the teacher, the student of education or the educational researcher as it is for the indexer or custodian of the information pool it represents. If the Thesaurus is understood and used in an appropriate way, it can give all educators not only insight into the ERIC system but also an increased awareness of the language of their field. A great many terms are necessary to describe the many aspects of education, and the task of relating them in even an approximately consistent way is an enormous one. The undertaking should be managed by people who not only know what they are talking about but who also should be able to predict what people in their field are lilely to be talking about in the near future. It should also enlist people who are willing to pay term to another within the system. To engage a large number of these two kinds of people over a long period of time is very likely to cost a great deal of money. There is very little proprietary value in producing such a list of terms, for it can very easily be copied, adapted, updated, etc. Thus, because of its high cost and low proprietary value, it becomes a task likely to be funded only by a government. A government has many ways of spending its money. However, after the decision has been made to spend money to produce an authority list, one must decide how this authority is to be delegated. The history of the development of the ERIC Thesaurus is the history of how this authority was delegated. Scientific research has thrived on efforts to define terms as precisely as possible. It is difficult to say with certainty, however, that solutions to social problems have thrived on a simple diet of scientific research. Contemporary crises demand new and imaginative ways of conceiving problems and talking about them. If this Thesaurus or any other scheme for normalizing or controlling language inhibits in the slightest measure the creative use of language, it is against it use. Only if the principles and details of the Thesaurus are misunderstood can it be used as a constraint on language in a negative sense. Students of education of every kind should see the The-saurus as an opportunity to become increasingly self-conscious about their language and thus about their assumptions and their approaches to educational problems.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2016

Bacterial fruit blotch(BFB) of cucurbits caused by Acidovorax citrulli(Acc) continues to diminish fruit yields. The aim of this study was to address whether two genetically distinct populations of Acc are present in watermelon-growing fields in Korea. For this purpose, we used the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction(ERIC-PCR) profiling and substrate-utilization profiles. According to the results of ERIC-PCR, group I and II strains showed clearly differentiated PCR-based fingerprinting profiles. Differences between group I and II strains included amplification of unique, group-specific DNA fragments such as the 1.3-, 0.28-, and 0.25-kb fragments in ERIC-PCR. Acc stains belonging to group I did not use L-leucine, whereas group II strains did use the substrate. Our results support the genetic differentiation of Acc strains into two groups and demonstrate that Acc strains from both groups are previously existed in watermelon-growing fields in Korea. Information about the genetic diversity of Acc under the present study will help scientists and managers form strategies to control BFB.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2000

Sixty-eight clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from inpatients of 2 university hospitals in Taegu were epidemiologically analyzed by using the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25 antimicrobial drugs, biochemical reaction, pulsed-field gel elctropgoresis (PFGE), and PCR with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences as primer (ERIC-PCR). 1. All the strains were susceptible to minocycline. More than 57% were susceptible to sulfisomidine (Su), ciprofloxacin (Ci), Ofloploxacin (Of), nalidixic acid (Na), and chloramphenicol (Cm), and $19{\sim}35%$ to ceftazidime (Cd), trimethoprim (Tp), Ticacillin-clavulanic acid, and cefoperazone-sulbactam. Most isolates were resistant to ${\beta}$-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (Ap), carbenicillin (Cb), cefotaxim (Ct), cefoxitin (Cx), and aminoglycosides including gentamicin (Gm), tobramycin (Tb), amikacin (Ak). 2. All the isolates were multiply resistant of 5 to 17 drugs and showed 40 different resistance pattern types. 3. All the strains showed very similar biochemical reactions except ${\beta}$-galactosidase and nitrate reduction test. Fourteen strains selected randomly were classified 10 different pattern type by PFGE and ERIC-PCR. These two methods showed identical result. Four strains isolated from wound in 1994 showed similar MIC pattern and identical API 20NE profile, PFGE, and ERIC-PCR pattern indicating episodes of cross-infection among patients. These results indicate that PFGE or ERIC-PCR profile has comparable discriminatory power for epidemiological typing of S. maltophilia.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1778-1782
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• 2017

To identify and discriminate the bacterial species at the subspecific level, rep-PCR is a reliable genomic fingerprinting tool. Fourteen strains of bacteria were isolated from different food sources, identified as Leuconostoc citreum using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and amplified using rep-primers (REP, ERIC, and $(GTG)_5$). Fingerprinting patterns generated bands in the range of 300-6,000 bp with REP, 150-6,000 bp with ERIC, and 200-1,700 bp with $(GTG)_5$ primers. In UPGMA dendrogram analysis, 14 strains were clustered into three clades (I, II, and III) with all the primers, thus differentiating them at the molecular level. The present study revealed the differentiation of L. citreum strains using rep-PCR.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.267-270
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• 2010

We designed a sensitive and specific PCR-based method with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) primer to detect Erwinia pyrifoliae, which cause shoot blight in Asian pear, from a mixed culture and infected plant materials. The primers specifically detected only E. pyrifoliae and showed no cross-reactivity with other bacterial phytopathogens.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.729-736
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• 2016

지구 환경 보존이라는 관점에서 폐지류의 재활용 및 자원화 노력이 절대적으로 필요하다. 폐지 재활용은 잉크 제거의 효과에 따라 기술력이 좌우된다. 기존 고체 탈묵제의 잉크 제거 효울을 개선하기 위해 액상 탈묵제를 지방산 종류에 따라 검화 반응시키고 EO/PO를 추가 혼합하여 제조하였다. 제조된 탈묵제를 폐지 재활용 공정에 투입하고 각각 펄핑 공정 (시료 조성 ONP : OMG = 5 : 5, 농도 15%, 온도 $45^{\circ}C$, 펄핑 시간 20분) 과 flotation 공정 (농도 1%, 온도 $45^{\circ}C$, air flow 7 L/min, 반응시간 8분) 처리 전, 후의 ERIC과 brightness를 측정하여 잉크의 제거 효율을 평가하였다. 또한 hyperwashing 전, 후의 ERIC과 brightness도 측정하여 잉크의 재흡착 여부도 평가하였다. 포화 지방산 Lauric acid 보다 불포화 지방산 Oleic acid를 $80^{\circ}C$에서 KOH로 검화 반응시키고 EO/PO를 추가 혼합하여 액상 탈묵제를 대량 제조하였다. 대량 생산한 액상 탈묵제는 제지 회사의 탈묵 공정 현장에 직접 투입하였을 때, 거품의 사이즈가 커지고 reject의 색깔이 짙어지면서 잉크의 포집력이 좋아진 것을 확인할 수 있었다. flotation 전, 후 백색도는 4 point 정도 증가하던 것이 약 5 point로 1 point 정도가 더 증가였다. reject의 ERIC 값은 개발 제품을 사용했을 때 약 7%정도 낮아진 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 액상 탈묵제의 탈묵 성능이 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국정보관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보관리학회 1996년도 제3회 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.41-44
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• 1996

본 논문은 시소러스의 구축에있어 시간, 비용, 노력의 최소화를 위해 외국 시소러스를 번역하는 방법이 언어, 제도, 사고방식, 문화 등의 이유로 어떤 문제점이 발생하는지를 고찰해 보고자 한다. 연구 대상으로 ERIC 시소러스를 번역하여 구축한 [KEDI 교육 시소러스]와 [ERIC 시소러스(7판)]를 선정하여 비교 분석하였다. 번역에 의존하는 한글시소러스 구축 방법은 권장할만한 방법이 되지못하며, 단지 우리말 시소러스 구축을위한 Discriptor를 추출하는 수단 이상을 기대하기란 어려우리라 여겨진다.

• 국방과기술
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• 5호통권5호
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• pp.42-51
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• 1979

• 월간 양돈
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• 제12권4호통권128호
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• pp.128-131
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• 1990

• 베이커리
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• 4호통권441호
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• pp.154-155
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• 2005