• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.252-252
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• 2022

Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) refers to the comparative response of genotypes to different environments conditions. Thus, understanding GEI is a fundamental component for selecting superior genotypes for breeding programs. The significance of utilizing early maturing cultivars not only provides flexibility in planting dates, but also serves as an effective strategy to reduce methane emission from the paddy fields. In this study, we conducted multi-environment trials (METs) to evaluate yield-related traits such as culm length, panicle length, panicle number, spikelet per plant, and thousand grain weight. A total of eighty-one Korean commercial rice cultivars categorized as early maturing cultivars, were cultivated in three regions, two planting seasons for two years. The genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis of yield-related traits and grain yield explained 70.02-91.24% of genotype plus GEI variation, and exhibited various patterns of mega-environment delineation, discriminating ability, representativeness, and genotype rankings across the planting seasons and environments. Moreover, simultaneous selection using weighted average of absolute scores from the singular value decomposition (WAASB) and multi-trait stability index (MTSI) revealed six highly recommended genotypes with high stability and crop productivity. The winning genotypes under specific environment can be utilized as useful genetic materials to develop regional specialty cultivars, and recommended genotypes can be used as elite climate-resilient parents to improve yield-potential and reduce methane emission as part to accomplish carbon-neutrality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.213-213
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• 2022

Pre-harvest sprouting(PHS) refers to germinating seeds in the mother plant before harvesting under low dormancy and humid climate, deteriorating grain quality, and rice yield. Rice varieties with floury endosperm(RFE) have been developed to boost domestic rice consumption by invigorating the processed rice industry, reducing milling and environmental cost. However, the PHS tolerance of RFE is relatively low in the rice varieties with transparent endosperm(RTE) since they soak moisture rapidly due to soft endosperm. In this study, Baromi2(BR2), floury endosperm, and Jomyeong1(JM1), PHS tolerance donor, were crossed to improve PHS tolerance. Major agronomic traits and PHS tolerance test of ten F₇(BR2/JM1) lines were conducted in NICS, 2022. The evaluations of PHS were carried out according to the method of RDA(2012) with slight modifications. Briefly, three panicles were treated and incubated 25℃ in a growth chamber 35 days after the heading date. Ten PHS tolerance promising lines demonstrated floury endosperm. The heading date of BR2 and JM1 was 7/27 and 8/5, respectively. The heading date of promising lines was 7/23~8/10. The PHS rate of BR2 and JM1 exhibited 56.3% and 10.7%, respectively. However, the PHS rate often promising lines demonstrated 2.4%~52.4%, 3 lines significantly lower than BR2. Further studies such as ABA contents are necessary to elucidate the mechanism of PHS tolerance in BR2/JM1. These results may contribute to developing elite RFE lines with improved PHS tolerance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.209-220
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• 2023

Recently, defects that occurred during the construction of apartment houses have become a social issue. Defects in apartment houses lead to waste of resources and economic loss, causing psychological and physical damage to customers, and a decrease in reliability and financial loss to construction companies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of defect occurrence according to the difference in project management level in the apartment housing construction stage, and to investigate the extent to which the project manager's experience affects the defect occurrence rate. For the empirical analysis of the study, statistical analysis was conducted using data collected from 130 actual projects. The results of the analysis showed that schedule management, cost management, and quality management had a positive effect on reducing the defect occurrence rate in the execution stage of apartment housing construction, while human resource management productivity had a negative effect. This study theoretically demonstrated the importance of project management, and in practice, showed that schedule management, cost management, and quality management should be faithfully performed in the execution stage to reduce the rate of defects after project completion. It was also suggested that hiring an experienced project manager would help reduce project defects.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.80
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• pp.129-165
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• 2024

This study aims to emphasize the importance and activation of citizen oral history. As is well known, research on oral history gradually began in earnest in Korea from the 1980s. Until now, citizen interviews by researchers and elite interviews by researchers have steadily increased in quantity. However, citizen interviews by citizens are insignificant. The "Digital Life-history Archiving" project, which has been under the supervision of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism since 2021, is a new and meaningful attempt. Citizens are educated on archiving and oral history to conduct interviews and produce archives. It is producing high-quality oral archives, securing citizens' archiving capabilities, and building local cultural resources. Based on the experience of participating in this project in 2021, I evaluated the performance and limitations and looked at the implications. I expect it to help reduce trial and error in the future. I also proposed a plan to actively produce and utilize citizen oral archives. To this end, specific cooperation between oral-history institutions and oral archives platforms were also proposed.

• BMB Reports
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2024

Pre-harvest sprouting is a critical phenomenon involving germination of seeds in the mother plant before harvest under relative humid conditions and reduced dormancy. In this paper, we generated HDR mutant lines with one region SNP (C/T) and an insertion of 6 bp (GGT/GGTGGCGGC) in OsERF1 genes for pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) resistance using CRISPR/Cas9 and a geminiviral replicon system. The incidence of HDR was 2.6% in transformed calli. T₁ seeds were harvested from 12 HDR-induced calli and named ERF1-hdr line. Molecular stability, key agronomic properties, physiological properties, and biochemical properties of target genes in the ERF1-hdr line were investigated for three years. The ERF1-hdr line showed significantly enhanced seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting resistance. qRT-PCR analysis suggested that enhanced ABA signaling resulted in a stronger phenotype of PHS resistance. These results indicate that efficient HDR can be achieved through SNP/InDel replacement using a single and modular configuration applicable to different rice targets and other crops. This work demonstrates the potential to replace all genes with elite alleles within one generation and greatly expands our ability to improve agriculturally important traits.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2024

Israel craves peace and freedom. Israel has won many wars and conflicts militarily. They have developed strategic thinking based on the data, unique culture, and peacetime preparation system accumulated so far, and the strategic culture based on it contributes to fostering elite strong forces by presenting directions to security strategies.The strategic culture formed by Israeli beliefs, behavioral patterns, and identity influenced strategic thinking and the usefulness of security strategies. The purpose of this study is to redefine the concept of strategic culture by referring to the methodological discussion of strategic culture theory and to examine how useful strategic culture has provided strategic thinking and security strategies. In addition, based on the impact of Israel's strategic culture on security strategy, I would like to present implications for Korea's security strategy.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.920-935
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• 2024

Embryo transfer plays a crucial role in enhancing the breeding value of livestock; it has been applied in Hanwoo cattle, which is a popular breed for beef production in Korea. Both in vivo-derived (IVD) and in vitro-produced (IVP) embryos are used for this purpose; however, IVP embryos have been preferred recently owing to advancements in ovum pick-up (OPU) technology and genomic selection. Despite technological advancements, comprehensive data on large-scale OPU/IVEP/embryo transfer in Hanwoo cows are lacking. In this study, 16 elite Hanwoo donor cows were selected on the basis of specific criteria. Oocytes were retrieved from 241 cows using OPU. The collected cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured, fertilized, and cultured in vitro to produce transferable embryos. Embryos were classified according to their developmental stage and then transferred to 675 recipient cows. A total of 3,317 COCs were collected, with an average of 13.76 COCs per cow. The number of transferable embryos produced per cow was 3.7. Hanwoo OPU-derived IVP embryos exhibited a higher production yield than the global average, indicating a stable IVEP environment. Both fresh and frozen IVP embryos yielded similar conception rates; hence, the use of vitrified-thawed embryos in transfer plans feasible. However, frozen-thawed embryos at Stage 7 had a lower conception rate than those at earlier stages. There was no significant difference between the conception rates of sexually mature heifers and postpartum cows used as recipients. The male-to-female offspring ratio increased as the developmental stage progressed. Seasonal effects on conception rates were not observed; however, higher abortion rates and a higher proportion of male offspring were observed during winter. This study provides valuable data for the Korean embryo transfer industry, enabling more strategic growth of the domestic Hanwoo embryo industry.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.202-216
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• 2024

In today's rapidly changing business environment, rapid decision making and effective project management are essential for business growth. This study examines how project manager competencies and organizational structures affect business performance. Successful project execution depends on the strategic use of project managers' skills and organizational resources to maximize performance. An empirical study was conducted with 475 participants from the construction and engineering sectors. The applied analyses included multiple regression analysis and two-way ANOVA to assess how project manager competencies and organizational types affect business performance. The results of the study show that project manager competencies significantly improve business performance, especially when combined with appropriate organizational types. Effective use of organizational frameworks leads to better financial results, increased market competitiveness, and greater innovation. The results of the study are as follows: First, project manager competencies were found to have a significant positive effect on business performance. Second, the use of functional, project, and matrix organizations had a significant positive effect on business performance. This suggests that aligning organizational structures with business objectives is important for achieving optimal performance. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the academic literature and practical applications of project management and organizational research. In addition, if we can select organizational members based on the learning effects of previous projects when operating new projects in the future, it will help reduce risks. Ultimately, it will improve the project manager's competency level, promote the individual abilities and knowledge sharing of team members, and provide opportunities for the company to build efficient new systems. This will be evaluated as a valuable study in terms of academic and practical productivity.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.301-313
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• 2024

The main objective of this paper is to study vibration of sandwich cylindrical shell with damaged core and FG face sheets resting on a two-parameter elastic foundation based on three-dimensional theory of elasticity. Three complicated equations of motion for the structure under consideration are semi-analytically solved by using generalized differential quadrature method. The structures are made of a damaged isotropic core and two external face sheets. These skins are strengthened at the nanoscale level by randomly oriented Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and are reinforced at the microscale stage by oriented straight fibers. These reinforcing phases are included in a polymer matrix and a three-phase approach based on the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka scheme and on the Halpin-Tsai approach, which is developed to compute the overall mechanical properties of the composite material. Several parametric analyses are carried out to investigate the mechanical behavior of these multi-layered structures depending on the damage features. A detailed parametric study is carried out in order to reveal the effects of different profiles of two-parameter elastic foundation modulus, different geometrical parameters such as the mid radius-to-thickness ratio, length-to-mean radius ratio and the thickness of face sheets on the vibrational characteristics of the damaged functionally graded sandwich cylindrical shell.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.80-84
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• 2014

Introduction: Sleep has numerous important physiological and cognitive functions that may be particularly important to elite athletes. Sleep deprivation can have significant effects on athletic performance. However, there are few published data related to the amount of sleep obtained by elite athletes. We investigated sleep patterns of Korean women golfers using sleep-related questionnaires. Methods: For this study, 98 Korean university women golfers and 46 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. All subjects were asked to complete the self-administered sleep questionnaire consisting of questions about habitual sleep patterns (sleep onset time, sleep latency, awakening time in the morning, day time napping time), exercise habits, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), validation of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: The sleep onset time was significantly earlier (pm 23 : $05{\pm}00$ : 52 and 00 : $14{\pm}00$ : 51 ; t = 5.287, p < 0.001), the waking time was later (am 07 : $21{\pm}01$ : 09 and 6 : $35{\pm}00$ : 32; t = -2.715, p = 0.008), the weekday total sleep time was greater ($417.77{\pm}78.18$ minute and $351.52{\pm}77.83$ minute ; t = 4.406, p = 0.001), and the daytime nap time was greater ($77.73{\pm}41.28$ minute and $20.22{\pm}33.03$ minute ; t = 7.623, p < 0.001) in the golf athletes compared to the controls. The PSQI scores were significantly lower, but estimated sleep latency and ESS, ISS, PSS, and BAI scores were not different among the two groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that Korean university women golfers have good sleep patterns resulting in no difference in sleep-related stress compared to age- and sex-matched control students.