• Title/Summary/Keyword: Drop pattern

Search Result 275, Processing Time 0.022 seconds

Study on effects and strategies of Korean tuna purse seine fishery affected by conservation management measures of Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (중서부태평양수산위원회 보존관리조치가 우리나라 다랑어선망어업에 미친 영향과 향후 대응 방안)

  • LEE, Mi-Kyung;LEE, Sung-Il;LEE, Chun-Woo;KIM, Doo-Nam;KU, Jeong-Eun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
    • /
    • v.52 no.3
    • /
    • pp.197-208
    • /
    • 2016
  • The WCPFC CMMs related to tropical tunas have been strongly restricting fishing capacity and operating activities of main fisheries, especially purse seine fishery. In terms of changes in fishing trend by implementing relevant measures of FAD set, the number of FAD set by Korean purse seine fleet showed a decreasing pattern with the lowest level of FAD set proportion among major distant water fishing nations. With regards to the FAD closure, there was no significant change in fishing effort but a drop in catch, especially bigeye tuna during the period of FAD closure. Moreover, it showed closely similar trends between the number of FAD set and bigeye tuna catch. In terms of measures related to the high sea area including a ban on fishing on the HSP and limitation of fishing days on the high sea by flag state, proportions of catch and effort on the high sea had sharply declined after implementing those measures. As relevant measures are expected to be strengthened, it should pay attention to change of coastal nations policies and focus on improving fishing efficiency of unassociated school set with multi-pronged efforts.

Phytophthora citricola, a Causal Agent of Jujube (Zizyphus jujuba) Fruit Rot (대추 역병균의 Phytophthora citricola의 동정)

  • 지형진;임양숙;정기채;조원대
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
    • /
    • v.14 no.5
    • /
    • pp.402-407
    • /
    • 1998
  • Phytophthora rot on jujube fruit has occurred at several cultivation areas in Kyung-buk and Kyung-nam provinces. Symptoms consisted of brownish to reddish rot on fruits resulting in early drop or mummification. The causal fungus isolated from infected fruits and adjacent leaf stalks was identified as Phytophthora citricola, which has never been reported in Korea. Sporangia were semi-papillate, noncaducous and highly variable in shapes. Plerotic oospores with paragynous antheridia were abundant is single cultures. Sporangia of two isolates were measured as 38-76$\times$20-40 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and averaged 51.4$\times$27.0 and 55.6$\times$36.0 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Oogonia were ranged from 26 to 36 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and averaged 31.3 and 32.0 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Colony pattern was slightly radiated with sparse aerial mycelia on common media. Minium, optimum and maximum temperatures for mycelial growth were recorded at 7, 25, and 32$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Among tested media, 10% V8A was the best and $25^{\circ}C$ was better than 15$^{\circ}C$ for oospore formation of the fungus. The jujube isolates of P. citricola were readily differentiated from other closely related species in the genus, namely; P. nicotianae, P. citrophthora, P. cactorum, P. capsici, and P. plalmivora on the basis of PCR-RFLP of r-DNA. The fungus showed strong pathogenicty to jujube, apple, pear, orange, persimmon and eggplant, and relatively weak to citron, tomato, pepper and cucumber. In this study, P. citrocola is firstly identified and jujube fruit rot caused by the fungus is recorded as a new disease in Korea.

  • PDF

In-vitro Evaluation of a Bileaflet Polymer Valve and Preliminary Animal Tests (이엽식 고분자판막의 수력학적 특성평가 및 동물실험)

  • 김철생;박복춘;서수원;한동근;이규백;최진욱;김인영;김희찬;김영하
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
    • /
    • v.13 no.3
    • /
    • pp.225-234
    • /
    • 1992
  • In order to use a low cost polymer valve in our total artificial heart and ventricular assist device, we have developed a slit-type bileaflet polymer valve[BPV 1. The aim of this study is to determine the hydrodynamic effectiveness of the newly-designed BPV and its feasibility for temporary use in the blood pumps. For hydrodynamic comparison, we investigated in-vitro the pressure drop across the valve, the leakage volume, the flow rate and the flow pattern of the BPV, two mechanical valves and a trileaflet polymer valve. We employed the ventriculo-pulmonary bypassing method for in-vivo tests of the BPV's together vilh our electrohydraulic left venIn ricular assist device in mongrel dogs. The BPV showed adquate gydrodynamic performances and in the preliminary animal bests, there was no xvi dence of thrombus formation on the valve leaflets and around the struts. Detailed results obtained from the animal tests will be separately reported. This report involves the design criteria, fabrication and hydrodynamic charateristics of she BPV, and the basic merits and demerits of the valve are dis- cussed from the hydrodynamic point of view.

  • PDF

The Effects Where the Stroke Shoes Which Use Functional Electric Stimulation Goes Mad to Walking of the Hemiplegia (기능적 전기자극 치료기를 이용한 중풍구두가 편마비 환자의 보행에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Jeong-Seon;Park, Ji-Whan
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
    • /
    • v.13 no.1
    • /
    • pp.36-43
    • /
    • 2007
  • Purpose: An objective analysis and observations were to be done on hemiplegia patients that are wearing a walking support device, Stroke shoes. Their improvements in walking pace, the reduction of distance between the two knee joint, the increase of curve angle of the knee joint and their steps and the reduction of ankle joint upon swing phase were analyzed using a 20 walking analyzer. Methods: An examination was carried out to see the patients' communication skill and independent walking and then let them walk with the Stroke shoes on to get results before and after wearing it. Simi Reality Motion Systems GmbH (Germany, 2007) was used to analyze the results regarding knee joint and ankle joint angle changes of sagitta plane and coronal plane, stepping distances, distances between the knees and walking pace. Results: 1. The articulation angle of ankle joint during swing phase decreased and knee joint has shown a statistically significant increase in such value(p<0.05). 2. Only knee joint showed a significant increase in articulation angle during heel strike(p<0.05). 3. Knee joint showed a significant increase in articulation angle during toe off(p<0.05). 4. The distance between the two knees as well as their foot steps significantly decreased compared with when Stroke shoes were not worn(p<0.05). 5. Stroke shoes with FES have shown positive effects on the patients in improving their walking styles overall. (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was an improvement in rotation walking pattern by a reduction in the distance between the knees after wearing Stroke shoes with FES. Plantar flexion reduced that occurred in ankle joint during walking and flexion angle increased in knee joint, both of which improved foot drop which was a major problem in hemiplegia patients. Also it is believed that the device will have some positive influences on knee joint stiffening paralysis to aid in improving inefficient walking phases.

  • PDF

A Study of the Development of Formal Pants Patterns for Women in Their 20s and 30s with Lower-body Obesity (20~30대 하체 비만형 여성을 위한 정장 바지 패턴 연구)

  • Ha, Hee-Jung
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
    • /
    • v.19 no.4
    • /
    • pp.820-835
    • /
    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study is to provide a basic pattern to assist in the development of formal pants that reflect the physical characteristics of women with lower-body obesity. The subjects selected for this study were women in their 20s and 30s with a Rohrer index of 1.6 or higher, a waist circumference 78.5cm to 83.5cm, and a lower drop of at least 18cm. The experimental pants patterns were developed by varying the waist line position, the waist ease, the ease in the hip area, the crotch length, the front and rear crotch width, the leg width, and the total length. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistics program(version 18.0). To verify the difference, this study used a variance analysis and Duncan's test. The conclusions drawn by the study are as follows. To reflect the form element of an abdomen with fatty deposits, the waist circumference should have an ease of 2cm. The front waist result was W/4+0.5cm+0.75cm and the rear waist result was W/4-0.5cm+0.25cm. The hip circumference showed a total ease of 4.5cm. The front hip result was H/4+0.75cm and the rear hip result was H/4+1.5cm. The crotch width set to H/16-1cm and the applied rear crotch width was H/16+2cm. The rear hip area was given more ease to reflect the protrusion of the hip. Along the line extending from the knee area to the crotch line, the outer seam line was designed with a gradual S-shaped curve to accommodate the protrusion from the maximum thigh width.

Turbo Expander Power Generation Using Pressure Drop at Valve Station in Natural Gas Transportation Pipeline (천연가스 정압기지의 압력강하를 이용한 터보팽창기 전력생산)

  • Ha, Jong-Man;Hong, Seong-Ho;You, Hyun-Seok;Kim, Kyung-Chun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
    • /
    • v.16 no.3
    • /
    • pp.1-7
    • /
    • 2012
  • Natural gas through pipeline is supplied to consumers after its pressure gets down compulsorily. The waste pressure energy of this process can be restored by use of turbo expander which can produce electricity. So, turbo expander conducts two functions - pressure reduction and power generation. The power amount is the enthalpy difference between the inlet and outlet states. The five main factors which affect economic profit are facility price, produced power amount, pre-heating amount, electricity cost, and fuel gas cost. Power generation depends mainly on flow amount because inlet and outlet states are fixed. A methodology to estimate economy in irregular flow pattern is proposed and using this way, a case study was carried out.

An Empirical Analysis of Sino-Russia Foreign Trade Turnover Time Series: Based on EMD-LSTM Model

  • GUO, Jian;WU, Kai Kun;YE, Lyu;CHENG, Shi Chao;LIU, Wen Jing;YANG, Jing Ying
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • v.9 no.10
    • /
    • pp.159-168
    • /
    • 2022
  • The time series of foreign trade turnover is complex and variable and contains linear and nonlinear information. This paper proposes preprocessing the dataset by the EMD algorithm and combining the linear prediction advantage of the SARIMA model with the nonlinear prediction advantage of the EMD-LSTM model to construct the SARIMA-EMD-LSTM hybrid model by the weight assignment method. The forecast performance of the single models is compared with that of the hybrid models by using MAPE and RMSE metrics. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the weight assignment approach can benefit from the hybrid models. The results show that the SARIMA model can capture the fluctuation pattern of the time series, but it cannot effectively predict the sudden drop in foreign trade turnover caused by special reasons and has the lowest accuracy in long-term forecasting. The EMD-LSTM model successfully resolves the hysteresis phenomenon and has the highest forecast accuracy of all models, with a MAPE of 7.4304%. Therefore, it can be effectively used to forecast the Sino-Russia foreign trade turnover time series post-epidemic. Hybrid models cannot take advantage of SARIMA linear and LSTM nonlinear forecasting, so weight assignment is not the best method to construct hybrid models.

Spreading and retraction dynamics of a liquid droplet impacting rough hydrophobic surfaces: Formation of micrometer-sized drops (거친 발수 표면에 충돌하는 유체 방울의 팽창 및 수축 역학: 미세 유체 방울의 형성)

  • Kim, Uijin;Kim, Jeong-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
    • /
    • v.19 no.3
    • /
    • pp.15-21
    • /
    • 2021
  • In this study, we investigated the dynamics of a droplet impacting rough hydrophobic surfaces through high-speed imaging. Micrometer-sized structures with grooves and pillars were fabricated on smooth Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces by laser ablation. We used Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquid droplets to study the drop impact dynamics. De-ionized water and aqueous glycerin solutions were used for the Newtonian liquid droplet. The solutions of xanthan gum in water were prepared to provide elastic property to the Newtonian droplet. We found that the orientation of the surface structures affected the maximal spreading diameter of the droplet due to the degree of slippage. During the droplet retraction, the dynamic receding contact angles were measured to be around 90° or less. It resulted in the formation of the micro-capillary bridges between the receding droplet and the surface structures. Then, the rupture of the capillary bridge led to the formation of micrometer-sized droplets on top of the surface structures. The size of the microdroplets was found to increase with increasing the impacting velocity and viscosity of the Newtonian liquid droplets. However, the size of the isolated microdroplets decreased with enhancing the elasticity of the droplets, and the size of the non-Newtonian microdroplets was not affected by the impacting velocity.

Expressional Evaluation of C/EBP Family, SREBP1, and Steroid Hormone Receptors in the Epididiymal Fat of Postnatally Developing Mouse

  • Lee, Yong-Seung;Lee, Ki-Ho
    • Development and Reproduction
    • /
    • v.26 no.2
    • /
    • pp.49-58
    • /
    • 2022
  • The differentiation and development of preadipocyte into mature adipocyte are regulated by transcription factors, such as CCAAT enhancer binding protein (Cebp) gene family and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (Srebp1). Steroid hormones give influences on the development and function of adipocyte. The present research examined expression patterns of CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (Cebpa), CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (Cebpb), CCAAT enhancer binding protein gamma (Cebpg), sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (Srebp1), androgen receptor (Ar), and estrogen receptors (Esr) among different epididymal fat parts during postnatal period by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In the distal epididymal fat, expression of Cebpa, Cebpb, Cebpg, Srebp1, Ar, and Esr2 was increased until 12 months of age, while expression of Esr1 was decreased at 5 months of age and was not detectable after 8 months of age. In the proximal epididymal fat, transcript levels of Cebps and Srebp1 were increased at 8 months of age, followed by decreases of Cebpb and Cebpg transcript levels at 12 months of age. An additional increase of Srebp1 expression was observed at 12 months of age. Expression of Ar and Esr2 were increased until 8 months of age, followed by a drop of Ar expression level at 12 months of age. Expression pattern of Esr1 was similar to that in the distal epididymal fat. In the tail epididymal fat, expression of Cebpa, Cebpg, Srebp1, Ar, and Esr2 was increased with age. Esr1 was not detectable at all. The highest level of Cebpb was observed at 8 months of age. These data suggest the possibility of developmental and functional differentiation among the epididymal fat parts.

Study on the mixing performance of mixing vane grids and mixing coefficient by CFD and subchannel analysis code in a 5×5 rod bundle

  • Bin Han ;Xiaoliang Zhu;Bao-Wen Yang;Aiguo Liu;Yanyan Xi ;Lei Liu ;Shenghui Liu;Junlin Huang
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • v.55 no.10
    • /
    • pp.3775-3786
    • /
    • 2023
  • Mixing Vane Grid (MVG) is one of the most important structures in fuel assembly due to its high performance in mixing the coolant and ultimately increasing Critical Heat Flux (CHF), which avoids the temperature rising suddenly of fuel rods. To evaluate the mixing performance of the MVG, a Total Diffusion Coefficient (TDC) mixing coefficient is defined in the subchannel analysis code. Conventionally, the TDC of the spacer grid is obtained from the combination of experiments and subchannel analysis. However, the processing of obtaining and determine a reasonable TDC is much challenging, it is affected by boundary conditions and MVG geometries. In is difficult to perform all the large and costing rod bundle tests. In this paper, the CFD method was applied in TDC analysis. A typical 5 × 5 MVG was simulated and validated to estimate the mixing performance of the MVG. The subchannel code was used to calculate the TDC. Firstly, the CFD method was validated from the aspect of pressure drop and lateral temperature distribution in the subchannels. Then the effect of boundary conditions including the inlet temperature, inlet velocities, heat flux ratio between hot and cold rods and the arrangement of hot and cold rods on MVG mixing and TDC were studied. The geometric effects on mixing are also carried out in this paper. The effect of vane pattern on mixing was investigated to determine which one is the best to represent the grid's mixing performance.