• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 2011

Purpose: This study examined the effect of the strengthening exercise and stretching exercise to decrease symptom patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Methods: The Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) and Clark's test performed for diagnosis of intrinsic PFPS among young adults. Selected thirty young adults subjects who aged 20~26 years participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to strengthening, stretching, or control groups. Strengthening group consisted of quadriceps, hamstring and iliotibia band training used elastic band. Stretching group consisted of quadriceps, hamstring and iliotibia band trainings used stretching exercises program. Participants received 50-minute individualized exercise sessions, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Results: The results were as follow: there were significantly difference stretching exercise group by all muscles on muscular strength test (p<.05). there were significantly difference both strengthening and stretching exercise group by all muscles on flexibility test (p<.05). There were significantly difference stretching exercise group by all muscles on step-down test (p<.05). There were significantly difference both strengthening and stretching exercise group by all muscles on visual analog scale (p<.05). Conclusion: Results suggest important implications for exercise programs of PFPS that stretching exercise is more improved knee pain, functional performance, patella mobility than strengthening exercise.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.455-460
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• 2009

Foods of plant origin, especially fruits and vegetables, have attracted attention because of their potential benefits to human health. In this report, Rubi Fructus (RF), the dried unripe fruit of Rubus coreanus Miq (Rosaceae) and ellagic acid (EA) purified from RF were used to test their potential hepatoprotective effect against acetaminophen (AAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. RF extract (RFext) and EA reduced the elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and the content of lipid peroxide in liver by AAP administration, while the increment of the cellular glutathione (GSH) content and the induction of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) which were decreased by AAP administration. RFext and EA from RFext did not affect the two major form of cytochrome P450s, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), but downregulated the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) related to the conversion of AAP to N-acetyl-P-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). These results suggest that RFext and EA from RF exhibit a hepatoprotective effect not only by increasing antioxidant activities but also by down-regulating CYP3A4 in the AAP-intoxicated rat.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.628-638
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• 2002

The handicapped frequently suffer from inappropriate food intake often resulting in overweightness, malnutrition, and poor growth and development. Our study was done on 7 to 12 year old mentally retarded children attending a special education school in Seoul. We administered questionnaire surveys and 3-day dietary recalls of the subjects, with help when needed from their stay-at home or their care-giving teachers. The questionnaires covered the general characteristics and dietary behaviors of the subjects. The degrees of handicap of the 142 children ranged from the trainable (54.9%), the educable (31.0%), and the non-trainable (14.1%). Of the children studied, 70.4% had ‘breakfast always’, which was higher than normal. Appetites were highest in the Down's Syndrome group. We found that the more serious the handicap, the higher the breakfast eating ratio and appetite level. The main reason for their missing breakfast differed according to the handicap level: ‘late rising’in the educable and non-trainable groups but ‘no appetite’in the trainable group. Most of the children (52.2%) spent less than 20 minutes eating their meals, the parents described their children's dietary habit problems as a pica (22:3%) or overeating (17.3%) , and they indicated that teaching the children how to use spoons and chopsticks (33.1%) was the most stressful. Actually more than 85% of the subjects could not use chopsticks, and skill of using cutlery was significantly different according to the degree of handicap. The food preference for milk products was the highest. It was interesting that the handicapped who had serious food pica didn't like food groups such as grains/starches, meats/fishes/eggs/beans or vegetables/fruits.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.23.1-23.16
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• 2023

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder (FBD). Objectives: To assess the therapeutic effects of paeoniflorin (PF) on IBS in rats. Method: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal, model, positive drug, low-dose PF, medium-dose PF and high-dose PF groups (n = 10). After gavage for 2 consecutive weeks, the effect of PF on abdominal pain symptoms was assessed based on the abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score, fecal water content and pathological changes in colon tissues. D-lactate, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B (p-NF-κB) p65 was detected by Western blotting. The abundance and diversity changes of intestinal flora were explored using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Result: In PF groups, the mucosal morphology of colon tissues was intact, and the glands were arranged neatly and structured clearly, without obvious inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the model group, PF groups had significantly elevated pain threshold, and mRNA and protein levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin, decreased AWR score at 20 mmHg pressure, fecal water content, mRNA levels of IL-1β, TGF-β, and TNF-α, protein level of p-NF-κB p65 and level of serum D-lactate, and reduced levels of serum IL-1β, TGF-β, and TNF-α (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). PF groups had higher abundance of Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Alistipes, and Bacteroides, but lower abundance of Desulfovibrio, Parasutterella, and Enterococcus than those of the model group. Conclusions: PF exerts therapeutic effects on IBS in rats probably by regulating the intestinal flora, and then up-regulating the expressions of ZO-1 and occludin in colon tissue while down-regulating the levels of IL-1β, TGF-β, TNF-α, D-lactate and p-NF-κB p65.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.475-479
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• 1991

Tetralogy of Fallot associated with atrioventricular canal defect is rare congenital anomaly. Because of complexity of the surgical corrections of two associated anomalies, the mortality of surgery has been high. We have experienced a case of the tetralogy of Fallot with atrioventricular canal defect in a 9-year-old boy of Down`s syndrome, and the anomalies were totally corrected with good result. Single Dacron patch was placed to close the ventricular septal defect and the pericardial patch for atrial septal defect. The right ventricular outflow tract was widened by infundibulectomy and pulmonary valvulotomy followed by Goretex patch in right ventricular outflow tract.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 1976

Hemorrhage into the biliary system as a consequence of injury to the liver has been called "traumatic hemobilia," a term introduced by Sandblom in 1948. The source of gastrointestinal hemorrhage has been frequently misinterpreted, resulting in inadequate or inappropriate treatment, often with catastrophic results and needless fatalities. It is now being diagnosed with increasing frequency, due to more widespread knowledge of the syndrome and improved diagnostic means. we experienced 2 cases of hemobilia following blunt chest trauma, One patient had! multiple rib fractures on right chest by car traffic accident and 13 days later, suddenly massive melena was developed with nausea, vomiting, jaundice and severe pain on right upper quadrant. And so, he had operated on the ligation of Rt. hepatic artery and partial right hepatectomy for a traumatic hemobilia. The other one also revealed similar symptoms 20 days later following blunt chest injury by falling down accident. However, uneventful recovery was seen without any of surgical intervention in this case.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.66-71
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• 2015

Down syndrome screening with cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the maternal plasma has recently received much attention in the prenatal diagnostic field. Indeed, a large amount of evidence has already accumulated to show that screening tests with cfDNA are more sensitive and specific than conventional maternal serum and/or ultrasound screening. Globally, more than 1,000,000 of these noninvasive prenatal tests (NIPTs) have been performed to date. There are several different methods for NIPTs that are currently commercially available, including shotgun massively parallel sequencing, targeted massively parallel sequencing, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based methods. All of these methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this review, I will focus specifically on the SNP-based NIPT.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.904-908
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• 1993

Twelve patients had undergone repair of atrioventricular septal defects. Age at operation ranged from 2.4 years to 17 years[mean, 8.25 years]. Five patients were male and seven were female. Three patients had complete atrioventricular septal defect[Rastelli type A] associated with Down`s syndrome. One of the three patient with complete atrioventricular septal defect had tetralogy of Fallot. Three patients had the intermediate form and seven patients had the partial form. The primum atrial septal defect was closed with pericardial patch. The atrioventricular valve septal commissure[mitral cleft] was closed with pledgeted sutures. Three complete atrioventricular septal defect were undergone by two-patch technique. A crescent-shaped Dacron patch was used to occlude the ventricular septal defect. One patient of partial form was sudden death 5 days postoperatively. There were no another complications after surgery. One patient underwent reoperation for opened mitral cleft 2.5 years postoperatively. New York Heart Association functional class of patients was improved postoperatively.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.323-327
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• 2010

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) activates basophils to release histamine and causes chronic inflammation. It was also reported that TCTP significantly reduced in brain of Alzheimer's Disease and Down Syndrome as compared to normal person, suggesting that TCTP might be involved in cognitive function. We wondered whether TCTP could act as a general inducer in neurotransmitters release in brain. We, therefore, investigated the role of TCTP in PC12 cell line which expressed neuronal properties. We found that TCTP could activate JNK, and the activity was inhibited by pretreatment of dicoumarol, a JNK inhibitor. However, TCTP could not activate ERK that has known to be involved in neurotransmitter release. These suggest TCTP did not participate in neurotransmitter release from PC12 cells, and TCTP might not be a general inducer in neurotransmitter release.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.428-434
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• 2021

Craniofacial clefts are extremely rare deformities. Tessier's classification is a widely accepted system that is based on clinical, radiographical, and surgical observations. The Tessier No. 0 cleft most commonly affects the upper lip, nose, and palate. This case presentation aims to report the outcome of a modified presurgical alveolar molding (PAM) appliance used in the treatment of an infant with Tessier No. 0 cleft as an alternate approach to mold such defects before surgery. The modified PAM appliance consisted of reciprocal parts connected by a helix. The segments were approximated by stripping the appliance at the midline in a V-shaped manner and the force was exerted by the extraoral elastics. The procedure gave results in 8 weeks, which may be regarded as a reasonable duration. The anterior cleft gap, which was 13 mm before the treatment, was reduced to 3 mm after the treatment by using modified PAM appliance. On a 21-month follow-up period, oral reshaping was regarded successful due to stability of the improved oral mold.