• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1445-1451
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• 2007

A sensitive optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy-based immunosensor was developed to detect vitellogenin in seawater flatfish (Paralichthys olivaceus). For this purpose, anion-exchange column chromatography with DE-52 resin was used to purify flatfish vitellogenin from flatfish serum containing vitellogenin that had been induced using an intraperitoneal $17{\beta}$-estradiol injection. The anti-flatfish vitellogenin antibody used as the biological component of the above immunosensor was prepared using the purified flatfish vitellogenin. The change in the incoupling angle according to the complexation between the flatfish vitellogenin and its antibody, immobilized over an optical grating coupler sensor chip, was measured to calculate the sensor response. The immunosensor was quite specific to flatfish vitellogenin binding, based on no sensor response in the case of bovine serum albumin immobilization. When plotted using double-logarithmic scales, the sensor responses increased linearly in flatfish vitellogenin concentrations of 0.00675-67.5 nM, with a detection limit of 0.0675 nM. The reusability during seven repetitive measurements was reasonably fair for the preliminary screening of flatfish vitellogenin.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.429-435
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• 2007

The risk of an outbreak of classical swine fever (CSF) was evaluated in relation to the vaccination and seroprevalence of antibodies. Blood samples were collected from 60 piggeries throughout Korea and information regarding CSF vaccination habits was also obtained via in-person interviews with pig farmers. The results of the survey indicated that 51 out of 60 farms were regularly performing CSF vaccinations in reproductive herds. Farmers preferred to vaccinate their reproductive pigs before weaning (41 farms) than on (9 farms) or after weaning (1 farm). In growing herds, however, double vaccinations as recommended were implemented for only 40 farms (66.7%) and vaccine schedules were identified as being frequently ignored. Moreover, many farms (18/40) were found to vaccinate earlier or later than the recommended time. According to antibody seroprevalence levels, only 36 farms (60%) were considered to be safe regarding potential risk for a CSF outbreak. Among the remaining pig farms, 6 were at low-risk (10%), 12 were at medium-risk (20%), and another 6 were at high-risk (10%). Antibody levels were found to be consistent with vaccination status obtained from personal interview surveys. Our findings demonstrate the importance of vaccinations regarding the prevention of a CSF outbreak, suggesting that vaccinations must be promoted toward pig raisers and practitioners.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.254-258
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• 2006

내분비계장애물질에 노출된 어류의 에스트로겐 활성에 대한 생물지표단백질인 vitellogenin을 검출하는 압전류적 면역센서를 잉어 vitellogenin에 대한 항체와 AT-cut 수정진동자를 생물요소와 변환기로 사용하여 구성하고 이를 이용한 잉어 vitellogenin 검출을 행하였다. 이형이기능성의 티올화 가교화제인 sulfosuccinimidyl 6-[3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionamido]hexanoate 처리에 의하여 티올화된 항체를 수정진동자상의 금전극에 화학흡착법에 의하여 고정화하여 센서 chip을 제조하였다. 센서반응을 위한 반응완충용액을 0.1M sodium phosphate(pH 7.4)로 선정한 후 $0.4864{\sim}486.4000\;nM$의 vitellogenin 용액을 가하였을 때 농도의존적인 센서반응의 증가가 나타났으며 이 때 잉어 vitellogenin에 대한 검출한계는 0.4864 nM로 추정되었다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.631-640
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Coffee is a complex chemical mixture, with caffeine being the most well-known bioactive substance. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of coffee and caffeine impact health in various aspects, including the respiratory system. The objective is to investigate the effects of coffee and caffeine on airway hyperresponsiveness and allergic reactions, as well as to analyze and compare associated cytokine profiles. MATERIALS/METHODS: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and given OVA inhalation to induce airway hypersensitivity. Two weeks after sensitization, they were intragastrically gavaged with coffee or caffeine, both containing 0.3125 mg caffeine, daily for 4 weeks. Control mice were fed with double-distilled water. Serum OVA-specific antibody levels were measured beforehand and 5 weeks after the first gavage. Airway hyperresponsiveness was detected by whole body plethysmography after gavage. Cytokine levels of bronchoalveolar lavage and cultured splenocytes were analyzed. RESULTS: Coffee effectively suppressed T helper 2-mediated specific antibody response. Airway responsiveness was reduced in mice treated with either coffee or caffeine. Compared to the control, coffee significantly reduced OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgG1 and IgE antibody responses (P < 0.05). Caffeine also attenuated specific IgG and IgG1 levels, though IgE level was unaffected. Coffee significantly reduced interleukin (IL)-4 and increased IL-10 concentration in spleen cells and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Coffee effectively attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness and systemic allergic responses induced by OVA food allergen in mice. As a complex composition of bioactive substances, coffee displayed enhanced immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects than caffeine.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.408-417
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• 2005

Nitric oxide (NO) occurs in various types of cells in the central nervous system. We studied the distribution and morphology of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons in the visual cortex of mouse and rabbit with antibody immunocytochemistry. We also compared this labeling to that of calbindin D28K, calretinin, and parvalbumin. Staining for NOS was seen both in the specific layers and in selective cell types. The densest concentration of intense anti-NOS immunoreactive (IR) neurons was found in layer VI, while the weak anti-NOS-IR neurons were found in layer II/III in both animals. The NOS-IR neurons varied in morphology. The large majority of NOS-IR neurons were round or oval cells with many dendrites coursing in all directions. Two-color immunofluorescence revealed that only 16.7% of the NOS-IR cells were double-labeled with calbindin D28K in the mouse visual cortex, while more than half (51.7%) of the NOS-IR cells were double-labeled with calretinin and 25.0% of the NOS-IR cells were double-labeled with parvalbumin in mouse. By contrast, 92.4% of the NOS-IR neurons expressed calbindin D28K while only 2.5% of the NOS-IR neurons expressed calretinin in the rabbit visual cortex. In contrast with the mouse, none of the NOS-IR cells in the rabbit visual cortex were double-labeled with parvalbumin. The results indicate that neurons in the visual cortex of both animals express NOS in specific layers and cell types, which do not correlate with the expression of calbindin D28K, calretinin or parvalbumin between the two animals.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2014

Anti double-stranded DNA (Anti-ds DNA)항체의 검출은 SLE의 진단에 중요하며 American College of Rheumatologists의 SLE 진단기준에 포함되어 있다. 또한 SLE 질병의 활성도와 Anti-ds DNA 항체 수준의 상관성이 보고되어 있으며 Anti-ds DNA 항체 정량검사는 SLE의 치료 전, 후 추적에 매우 유용하다. Anti-ds DNA 항체의 검출을 위한 검사 방법으로 방사면역측정법(radioimmunoassay, RIA)을 이용한 Farr assay, Crithidia luciliae를 이용한 면역형광 측정법(immunofluorescence Test, CLIFT), 효소면역측정법(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA), 화학발광면역 측정법(chemiluminescence immunoassay, CLIA)이 있다. 본원에서 방사면역측정법(radioimmunoassay, RIA)으로 Anti-ds DNA 항체 검사 과정에서 lipemic한 검체의 경우 침전물의 형성이 원활하지 않거나 침전물도 같이 흡입되는 상황이 발생 하였고, 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 lipemic 검체가 분석 결과에 미치는 영향 정도를 평가하였다. 2012년 9월부터 2013년 2월까지 Anti-ds DNA 항체 검사가 의뢰된 검체 중 lipemic한 검체(n=81)를 선택하여 마이크로 원심분리기로 전처리(고속 원심분리: 14,000 rpm 5 mins)한 후 동시에 Anti-ds DNA 항체 검사(Anti-ds DNA kit, Trinity Biotech, Ireland)를 시행하였다. 실험군 1 (lipemic 검체의 Anti-ds DNA 항체 농도 ${\leq}7IU/mL$)에서 y=0.3636x+4.7322, $R^2=0.0238$, Pearson 상관계수는 0.154, paired t-test (P=0.003), Difference (%) mean 65.7의 결과를 얻었으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 실험군 2 (lipemic 검체의 Anti-ds DNA 항체 농도 ${\geq}8IU/mL$)에서 y=0.9837x+0.2982, $R^2=0.994$, Pearson 상관계수는 0.997, paired t-test (P=0.181), Difference (%) mean -5.53을 보였고 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없음을 확인할 수 있었다. 임상에서 SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus)의 진단에 중요한 역할을 하는 Anti-ds DNA 항체 검사는 lipemic 검체의 영향을 배제하기 위해서 반드시 전처리(고속 원심분리: 14,000 rpm 5 mins) 과정을 통해 혈청 내 지질 성분을 제거한 후 검사를 시행하여야 한다.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2018

We have developed an electromagnetic generator to bury in subcutaneous area or abdominal cavity of the birds. As we can't use a solar battery, it is extremely difficult to supply a power for subcutaneous implantation such as biosensors under the skin due to the darkness environment. We are aiming to test the antigen-antibody reaction to confirm an avian influenza. One solution is a very small generator with the electromagnetic induction coil. We attached the developed coil to chickens and pheasants and recorded the electric potential generated as the chicken walked and the pheasant flew. The electric potential generated with physical simulator is equal to or exceeds the 7 V peak-to-peak at maximum by 560/min of flapping of wings. Even if we account for the junction voltage of the diode (200 mV), efficient charging of the double-layer capacitor is possible with the voltage doubler rectifier. If we increase the voltage, other problems arise, including the high-voltage insulation of the double-layer capacitor. For this reason, we believe the power generated to be sufficient for subcutaneous area of birds. The efficiency, magnetic 2 mm in length and coil 15mm in length, if axial direction is rectified, the magnetic flux density given to the coil could calculated to 7.1 % and generated power average 0.47mW. The improvements in size and wire insulation are expected in the future.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.170-180
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• 1996

Lowered immune function in the senile dementia patients may be related to the abnormal metabolism of amyloid precursor protein(APP). To investigate the passibility of an abnormal metabolism of APP in lymphocytes and the possible role of APP in the activation of lymphocytes in senile dementia patients, immunohistochemical study of rat spleen and fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis(FACS) of human lymphocytes with the specific antigen far each lymphocyte and double fluorescent marker with antibody to APP were performed. After stimulating lymphocyte with phytohemagglutinin(PHA), APP mRNA and protein were extracted and quantitfied and the influence of ${\beta}$-amyloid protein($A{\beta}$) specific antibody on lymphocyte division was investigated. In spleen, the majority of cells showing $A{\beta}$ immunoreactivity was found in the T-sell dependent zone. FACS indicated that around 90% $CD_4(+)$ T-cells and 60% of $CD_8(+)$ T-sell were immunoreactive to $A{\beta}$ specific antibody(mAb 4G8). Northern blot analysis shows that lymphocyte APP mRNA was gradually increased to reach a maximum at 3 days after activation with lectin mitogen PHA. However, the $A{\beta}$ immunoreactivity an cell surface remained constant during stimulation with PHA, indicating that the release of APP(secreted farm of APP) might be increased. A very large increase in soluble APP secretion was observed in T-lymphocyte upon activation, but only law levels in the resting stale. Immunoblot was carried out an the protein obtained from cell lysate after stimulating lymphocyte by applying PHA to the cultured lymphocyte, and the result was that $A{\beta}$ band of immature farm under 116 KDa marker decreased as the duration of culture was increased after PHA stimulation. The monoclonal $A{\beta}$ specific(4G8) and polyclonal APP antibodies did not inhibit the [$^3H$]-thymidine uptake of mitogen-treated lymphocytes significantly, suggesting that mitogenesis can not be inhibited by specific $A{\beta}$ and polyclonal APP antibody. These results suggest that APP is expressed in T-cell and might be closely associated with the function of T-cells.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 1997

Three strains of W isolated from tobacco, tomato and Pepper plants in Korea were characterized based on biological response, serological relationship, and peptide mapping of the capsid Proteins. The strains designated as TMV-common, TMV-Pepper, and TMV-tomato could be distinguishable by different visual symptoms on 3 varieties of tobacco, one variety of tomato and Pepper for each among 27 plant specieces. Serological relationships were examined by agar gel double diffusion test. Only traceable or weak reaction was observed in the incompatible antigen-antibody combinations. The Pepper strain, however, showed trace in reaction with other two antisera. Peptide maps of the capsid proteins digested by V8 protease or by trypsin were also distinguishable, suggesting differences in composition and/or sequence of the amino acids among the strains.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.405-408
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• 1993

Absidia zychae NRIC 1199 produced two forms of carboxypeptidase(CPZ-1 and CPZ-2) which were distinguished in their isoelectric points but had almost identical properties(1). The amino acid sequences for the N-terminal of both enzymes were the same (Tyr-Thr-Ser-Pro-Lys-Leu-Xaa-Asp-Pro-Asp-Val) and any significant difference was not observed between amino acid compositions of the two enzymes. The ouchterlony double diffusion technique using antibody raised against the CPZ-2 protein demonstrated a good cross-reaction between CPZ-1 and CPZ-2 Genomic Southern analysis showed only one gene encoding CPZ in the genome of Absidia zychae. However, a significant difference between two enzymes was observed on peptide map using Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, distinguishable only one band, indicating that multiple forms of CPZ are caused by post-translational modification, such as deamidation.