• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.53-74
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• 2016

In this study, to verify influence that economic situations of a household unit have on donation behavior, after economic situations of a household unit were measured with income and assets by type and income to assets, effect which each variable has on secular giving was verified. This study used 3-year panel data of a total of 4,938 households based on the fifth to seventh year data as investigation data from 2012 to 2014 among data of financial panel investigation of Korea Institute of Public Finance of National Survey of Tax and Benefit. As an analysis method, a random effect tobit model was used. At the analysis result, it appeared that as scales of financial assets, earned income, property income, and transfer income become larger, the amount of donation increased. Also, it was represented that rates of income to assets had negative influence on secular giving. In case of demographic variables, education levels of householders and sizes of houses had relation of a positive direction. In case of ages, it appeared that they had inverted U-type relation. This study has meanings in that understanding of donation behavior of a household unit can be increased and expanded more and also implications related to intervention strategies of a household unit to expand sharing culture can be extracted by verifying influence which economic factors of a household unit have on donation behavior based on panel data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.33-52
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• 2022

The History and Culture Park and the Lee Kun-hee Donation Hall will be built in Songhyeon-dong, Seoul. Political games from the Joseon Dynasty to the present greatly influenced the historicity of Songhyeon-dong. However, place analysis was limited to changes in landowners and land uses rather than a historical context. Therefore, this study analyzed the context in which the placeness of Songhyeon-dong changed according to the emergence of cultural hegemony using the perspective of modern cultural geography and comparative history. As a result of the analysis, cultural hegemony in historical transitions, such as Sinocentrism, maritime expansion, civil revolutions, imperialism, nationalism, popular art, and neoliberalism, was found to have created new intellectuals in Bukchon, including Songhyeon-dong, and influenced social systems and spatial policies. In this social relations, the placeness of Songhyeon-dong changed as follows. First, the founding forces of Joseon created pine forests as Bibo Forests to invocate the permanence of the dynasty. In the late Joseon dynasty, it was an era of maritime expansion, and as Joseon's yeonhaeng increased, a garden for the Gyeonghwasejok, who enjoyed the culture of the Qing dynasty, was built. Although pine forests and gardens disappeared due to the development of housing complexes as the population soared during the Japanese colonial era, Cha Gyeong's landscape aesthetics, which harmonized artificial gardens and external nature, are worth reinterpreting in modern times. Second, the wave of modernization created a new school in Bukchon and a boarding house in Songhyeon-dong owned by a pro-Japanese faction. Angukdongcheon-gil, next to Songhyeon-dong, was where thinkers who promoted civil revolution and national self-determination exchanged ideas. Songhyeon-dong, the largest boarding house, served as a residence for students to participate in the March 1st Movement and was the cradle of the resulting culture of student movements. The appearance of the old road is preserved, so it is a significant part of the regeneration of walking in the historic city center, connecting Gwanghwamun-Bukchon-Insadong -Donhwamunro. Third, from the cultural rule of the Government General of Joseon to the Military Government, Songhyeon-dong acted as a passage to western culture with the Joseon Siksan Bank's cultural housing and staff accommodations at the U.S. Embassy. Ancient and contemporary art coexisted in the surrounding area, so the modern and contemporary art market was formed. The Lee Kun-hee Donation Hall is expected to form a cultural belt for citizens with the gallery, Bukchon Hanok Village, the Craft Museum, and the Modern Museum of Art. Discourses and challenges are needed to recreate the place in harmony with the forests, gardens, the street of citizens' birth, history and culture park, the art museum, and the surrounding walking network.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2017

So far, it has been a general opinion that 'Hunminjeongeum' creation was made only by King Sejong himself under Jiphyeonjeon scholars' help. However, this paper stresses that 'Hunminjeongeum' was made not only by King Sejong but also by Sinmi's positive effort on King Sejong's secret order, and examines the possibility of the culture-convergence contents related to these tales as well. To reveal the ground, the method of this research was proceeded particularly focusing on following texts: Sejongsillok, Munjongsillok, Hangukbulgyojeonseo, etc. The result was as followings. 1) King Sejong's absolute trust in Sinmi, 2) Sinmi's outstanding linguistic talent in Sanskrit. 3) King Sejong's donation of Amitaba-Triad Buddha images to Bokcheonsa Temple and Sejong's granting a respecting title of 'Wugukise Hyeogakjonja' to Sinmi. 4) Sinmi's vow to educate and spread 'Hunminjeongeum' based on Buddhism, and 5) Sejo's visit Sinmi at Bokcheonsa Temple. Furthermore, if the tales related to 'Hunminjeongeum' creation are activated into a type of national or regional events or festivals without remaining simply in a story level, it would be a good way to spread the excellence of convergence K-culture with various culture contents.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.193-217
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• 1999

This study is intended to find out the possible ways for the expansion of Library Finance. With this necessity, it is indicated three sources, such as governmental. fund from other endowments, public donation, which is stated as the subsidy sources in the 'Library Law', and issuing lotteries as well. Firstly, it is suggested collecting governmental funds, included in budget sheet every year, to the amount of a ten billion won. Secondly, it is indicated the ways to collect funds to the amount of a five billion won respectively from other endowments, such as Korea Raising Association Fund under the jurisdiction of the Minister of Culture and Tourism, Information Promotion Fund, on the basis of statistical data, materials of inspection of the administration, and materials released by the government. Third device is to collect funds over a five billion won every year through public donation and lottery. This study is indicated that three devices to raise the library fund for the expansion of Library Finance to the amount of a hundred and twenty billion won in total as mentioned above.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.167-179
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• 2013

In recent years, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has received particular attentions from both practitioners and scholars. This study focused on Korean national fashion businesses and identified various types of CSR practices in addition to social contributions. Besides, comparison in corporation by size of the number of full-time employees and sales volume were examined. A total of 1054 cases of 147 brands, 86 corporations between 2000 and 2012 were collected from internet articles and brand home pages. Findings were as follows. First, the types of CSR activities were categorized into the following six: economic responsibility, legal responsibility, consumer protection, protection of worker's right, protection of environment, and social contribution. Social contribution took largest portion of CSR activities (67.7%), followed by environmental protection (14%), and protection of worker's right (6.2%). The other three types presented limited cases but included negative aspects of CSR. Social contribution consisted of six sub categories (culture & art, sports, education, donation, voluntary service, and campaign), and donation took the largest part of social contribution area. Second, comparing 86 corporations by the size of the number of full-time employees, companies more than 300 employees (38.1%) were more likely to practice CSR activities. Similarly, companies with more than 500 billion won sales (13.1%) were more active in their CSR activities than their counterparts. Suggestions are given for improving CSR practices to fashion business.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.856-861
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• 2009

Cardiopulmonary arrest has long been accepted as an unquestionable definition of death. An advent of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and artificial ventilation along with the development of organ transplantation has prompted the emergence of the concept of brain death. The criteria for brain death are based mainly on the clinical examination of coma, apnea and total loss of brain stem function. Although organ transplantation by donor brain death has increased in Korea over recent years, there is still a substantial shortage of donor organs compared to the demand. Improvement of government policies and changes of social culture for organ donation are needed for the activation of organ transplantation by donor brain death. Pediatricians have an important role for the search of potential donors in cases of brain death and optimal medical care for successful organ transplantation.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.11-23
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• 2017

Anatomy is one of the basic subjects of the nursing course, which is included in the curriculum of the nursing. Anatomy is a basic course for understanding major in nursing and it is the first gateway to acquire expertise. It is mainly opened in nursing and first to second grades. Therefore, students who have advanced to the nursing department have great interest and expectation on the anatomy subjects. In general, nursing students are studying anatomy with theories and models, and some universities practice on tour after dissection of medical consortium for short time. This is called the Cadaver practice. This study was carried out to investigate the thoughts and experiences of bioethics through nursing students' Cadaver practice. The interview data were processed through the analysis and interpretation process using the phenomenological research method, Giorgi method. As a result, 48 semantic units were derived, and then they were divided into 10 subcomponents and divided into 6 categories. As a result of the analysis, the experience of nursing students' bioethics was tied to the topic of six questions. For example, 'what about the respect and responsibility of nursing students in Cadaver?', 'What about your experience with the Cadaver experiment and bioethics?', 'What was the academic achievement of the actual human body structure viewing experience with cadaver?', 'What was the connection with theory?', 'What was your intention to recommend to others?', 'What was your perception and interest in the Cadaver experiment?'. Analyzes were integrated into 10 structures; "Thank you for your donation", "want others to refuse donation", "Burden of practice", "Good opportunities for learning", "Understand better", "Should study harder", "Memory is better", "Compared to theory", "Good experience", "Want to rejoin". The general structural description of the participants' meanings is summarized as follows. Nursing college students who participated in the Cadaver had a gratitude for the donor, but they said they would like to talk to others about donating organs. Before they went to practice, they felt a lot of pressure on the dissection of the cadaver, but they went to the practice and thought that it was a good opportunity to learn by doing well. Specifically, they understood that they had better understanding than the theoretical lesson, and that they were more eager to study their major through practice. In other words, most of them were more memorable and they would like to participate again if the opportunity comes next time. The results of this study show that the practice of Cadaver in nursing college students is very positive in terms of educational effectiveness. However, in terms of bioethics, it can be seen that the education process is somewhat unsatisfactory. Therefore, the systematic bioethics education should be prepared before the practice in the nursing college students' Cadaver practice.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.111-116
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• 2020

This is a case study of corporate culture marketing to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the death of Steve Jobs on October 5, 2021. Corporate culture marketing seeks to derive cultural consumer values through Steve Jobs' fandom, and to increase corporate brand image and achieve profits. According to Big Data, Steve Jobs' brand image was derived from 'Innovation', 'First', 'Creativity', 'Change', and 'Design'. So, the relationship between Spigen convergence culture space 'SpigenHall', which is highly related to Steve Jobs' brand image, and the opera , which is made of the material of former Apple CEO Steve Jobs, is analyzed with big data and culture. We investigated the opinions of content experts. SpigenKorea and the digital opera are designed to provide Steve Jobs' story of joy and sorrow, offer VIP members' premium services, press publicity is 'the first in Korea', GangNam's suitable for famous celebrity performance venues and cultural and artistic venues 'SpigenHall', the revenue of the performance ticket was selected as a donation. This study is suitable for researching the life story of male CEOs and planning a cultural city. The limitations of the study need to analyze various works by genre and attempt to analyze consumer values according to the industry.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2017

Objective: To describe in vitro development of human embryos derived from an individual with a homozygous pathogenic variant in NLRP7 (19q13.42) and recurrent hydatidiform mole (HM), an autosomal recessive condition thought to occur secondary to an oocyte defect. Methods: A patient with five consecutive HM pregnancies was genomically evaluated via next generation sequencing followed by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, embryo culture, and preimplantation genetic screening. Findings in NLRP7 were recorded and embryo culture and biopsy data were tabulated as a function of parental origin for any identified ploidy error. Results: The patient was found to have a pathogenic variant in NLRP7 (c.2810+2T>G) in a homozygous state. Fifteen oocytes were retrieved and 10 embryos were available after fertilization via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Developmental arrest was noted for all 10 embryos after 144 hours in culture, thus no transfer was possible. These non-viable embryos were evaluated by karyomapping and all were diploid biparental; two were euploid and eight had various aneuploidies all of maternal origin. Conclusion: This is the first report of early human embryo development from a patient with any NLRP7 mutation. The pathogenic variant identified here resulted in global developmental arrest at or before blastocyst stage. Standard IVF should therefore be discouraged for such patients, who instead need to consider oocyte (or embryo) donation with IVF as preferred clinical methods to treat infertility.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.193-224
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• 2006

When we look into the market economy of our country recently, we learn that the mind of consumption after IMF crisis is very shrunk and the market is led into a serious slump of consumption. For an approach to survive the contraction of the market and the market competition, enterprises command a variety of sales promotion strategy, out of which presentation is a sales promotion strategy to give the same product. The price-discounted strategy through the provision of donation commodity may induce the temporarily-discounted commodity not to be sold to the consumers or make a damage of the images of the brand, or arouse the price war against other companies, or lower the sense of the quality of the commodity. Therefore, it is necessary for a company to meet the end users' demand and also maintain the evaluation of the quality on the consumers' products highly. Therefore, in this study, we have attempted to study and analyze the consumers' satisfaction level and reliability on the donation goods in order to suggest the orientation of the presentation promotion strategy in accordance with the changes of the sales market. In addition, we tried to understand how the recognition, consumers' satisfaction level and reliability on the presentation goods had on the repurchase. With such objectives in this study, we could make an analogy of the following significance and suggestion of study. Firstly, in order to survive a serious competition market, enterprises must execute the product presentation along with diverse events instead of commanding the sales promotion strategy through a simple product presentation. This strategy can be an alternative to lower the danger a person-to-person product presentation may bring about. That is to say, we shall not lower the quality and value of the products but enhance a new image to customers through a product donation occasion together with an event as a new marketing pioneering method. Secondly, during the period of the current economic depression, if a company provides the consumers with an opportunity free of charge through the present special event period and the practical events, it will affect the advertising effect of the goods, the introduction of the customers and customers' repurchase. For this purpose, the company has to heighten customers' preferences by selecting the items customers are liable to prefer and closely analyze the consumers' response and market for such an objective. Thirdly, with the internet age, as the market has a tendency to increase In the number of consumers who do shopping in the internet, the marketing strategy has to build up the strategy of the presentation product instead of a simple offline strategy. For example, a company shall have to draw attention or attraction from end users who intend to do shopping through the online by a product planning expo or a presentation product corner. Fourthly, the excessive sale promotion strategy of presentation products may bring about even a reverse effect on the value of the goods or consumers' attitude as seen above. Therefore, a company has to relay' the value as to the price' to the consumers instead of the sales promotion strategy of donation products just for a temporary sales volume. Conclusively, even if we put the value with a reasonable price through the presentation product strategy in the past, we shall have construct the strategy by providing some plus factors in the price such as the provision of the upgraded products or services instead of just presentation, or the invitation of the events related to diverse events or culture arts from now on.