• Title/Summary/Keyword: Dog-day

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Acute and Subacute Toxicity of l-Muscone in Beagle Dogs (비글개에서 l-muscone의 급성독성 및 아급성독성시험 연구)

  • 유아선;권오경;성하정;곽형일;방명주;박대규;정규혁;윤효인;조명행
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.449-460
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    • 1997
  • Single and 4 weeks oral administration of l-muscone, a major active ingredient of musk, to beagle dogs of both sexes were performed to investigate both acute and subacute toxicity. Beagle dogs(3 males and 3 females) in acute experiments were administered orally with single dosage of 2,000 mg/kg and groups of 9 male and 9 female beagle dogs in subacute experiments were given daily different dosage of l-muscone, 0.2 mg/kg/day(low dosage group), 2 mg/kg/day(middle dosage group), or 20 mg/kg/day(high dosage group) once a day for 4 weeks by oral route according to the Established Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration(1996.4.16). $LD_{50}$ value for beagle dogs was more than 2,000 mg/kg on oral route for both male and females. In animals administered with l-muscone, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in clinical signs, urinalysis, eye examination, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weight and other findings. No histolopathological lesions were observed in both control and treatment groups. Above data strongly suggest that l-muscone in beagle dogs is considered to be safe.

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Changes in Serum Cortisol Concentration Due to Boarding Stress in Dogs (위탁견에서 스트레스에 의한 혈중 Cortisol의 농도 변화)

  • Lee, Sang-Kil;Song, In-Soo;Park, Soo-Kyoung;Hong, Yong-Geun;Kang, Chung-Boo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 2010
  • Among the dogs boarding at an animal hospital, 10 dogs each were selected as a free boarding group and a kennel boarding group. Each group was further divided into 5 puppies and 5 mature dogs to examine the changes in their serum cortisol concentrations during boarding (5 days). We collected blood at day 8 and then analyzed the blood corpuscles, ran a biochemical serum test, and an additional urine test before boarding to check their health status. After collecting the dog's blood at 9:00 am, 3:00 pm, and 9:00 pm, we analyzed the cortisol concentration by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. The daily serum cortisol concentration at 9:00 am, 3:00 pm, and 9:00 pm, had a circadian rhythm during both the free and kennel boarding periods in both puppies and adults. Furthermore, the average daily serum cortisol concentration was significantly increased during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd day after free boarding in the puppy group (P < 0.01). In adults from the free boarding group, the serum cortisol concentration dramatically increased on the 1st day (P < 0.01), as well as on the 2nd and 3rd day (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the average daily serum cortisol concentration was significantly increased on the 1st day after kennel boarding as well as during the entire period of kennel boarding in the puppy group (P < 0.05). In the adult kennel boarding group, serum cortisol concentration was significantly increased during the whole kennel boarding period (P < 0.01). An interesting result was that circadian rhythmicity in the sum of the daily serum cortisol concentrations was present in the free boarding group, but not in the kennel boarding group in both puppies and adults. In summary, cortisol was released depending on the degree of stress in free and kennel boarded dogs. Taken together, these results suggest that cortisol, a stress hormone, should be maintained at physiological concentrations in a circadian rhythm when the animals are hospitalized.

Recovery Effect of Xiao Chai Hu Tang (So Si Ho Tang) on the Hepatic Injury in Dogs (개 간손상(肝損傷)에 대한 소시호탕(小紫湖湯)의 회복효과(回復效果))

  • Kim, Tae-Kyung;Kim, Sang-Hoon;Jun, Hyung-Kyou;Yoon, Hyo-In;Cho, Sung-Whan;Kim, Duck-Hwan
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.164-168
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    • 2007
  • This study was performed to establish the recovery effect of So Si Ho Tang on hepatic injury in dogs. Clinically healthy eight dogs (1-3 yrs old, 3-5 kg) were divided into control group (n=3) and experimental group (50 mg/kg, n=5). Hepatic injury was induced by administration of $CCl_4$ in all groups. Control group was received no treatment after hepatic injury and experimental group was orally administered with So Si Ho Tang at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The change of serum ALT and AST activities was examined before hepatic injury and on day 0, day 5 and day 12 after administration of So Si Ho Tang. Histopathologic examinations were performed on day 12. As a result, significant changes in serum ALT were found on day 5(p<0.05) and day 12(p<0.05), compared with those of control group, respectively. In addition, significant change in serum AST was found on day 1 (p<0.05) and day 5 (p<0.05), compared with those of control group, respectively. In histopathologic examination, mild hemorrhage and fatty degeneration and vacuolization were observed in experimental group in contrast to those of control group. Accordingly, it was suggested that administration of So Si Ho Tang was effective for hepatic injury induced by $CCl_4$ in dogs.

Single Dose Toxicity Studies of STB-HO-BM in Rats and Dogs (게르마늄 복합물 STB-HO-BM의 랫드 및 비글견에서 단회투여 독성연구)

  • Song Si-Whan;Jung Winston;Hong Dong-Ho
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.153-156
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    • 2006
  • The acute toxicity of STB-HO-BM was evaluated in Sprague Dawley (SS) rats and beagle dogs. STB-HO-BM was administered orally to rats at dose levels of 0 and 2,000mg/kg/day and to dogs at dose levels of 0, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg/day. In these experiments, there were no death and clinical changes which were related to STB-HO-BM administration. In addition, there were no significant changes between control and treated groups in body weights and autopsy findings. In conclusion, the administration of STB-HO-BM 2,000 mg/kg in SD rats and up to 2,000mg/kg in beagle dogs was proved to be safe, and it is thought that STB-HO-BM may not show any toxicity in its clinical use.

Acupuncture Application for Pyometra in a Dog (개에서 개방형 자궁 축농증의 침치료 례)

  • 남치주;양정환;정성목;최지혜;이주명
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.463-466
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    • 1999
  • A 2.9 kg, eight-year-old Yorkshire terrier bitch with anorexia and vomiting for 2 weeks was referred to the Seoul National University Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital. The bitch was diagnosed as open cervix pyometra by clinical sign, radiography, ultrasonography and complete blood count. The owner didn't want surgery. So, we chose the electroacupuncture and antibiotics treatment. Electroacupuncture treatment was performed for 15 days at Zi-Gong-Shu and Luan-Chao-Shu acupoints with electrical stimulus at the frequency of 5 Hz, 2~4 volts and for 20 minutes twice a day and ciprofloxacin (5 mg/kg, IM) was administered once a day. At 15 days after treatment diameter of the uterus was contracted to 6.9 mm and total WBC count was 8.5$\times$10$^3$/㎣, progesteron concentration was 0.24 ng/dl and clinical signs including vaginal discharge were disappeared. The first estrus was detected 5 months after the last treatment. With this results, the electroacupuncture for canine open cervix pyometra was considered to be the useful alternative treatment.

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Subacute Toxicity of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (rHu-EPO) in Beagle Dogs (비글개에서 인체 재조합 적혈구 조혈인자, rHu-EPO의 아급성정맥독성시험)

  • 조명행;성하정;김형식;곽승준;임소영;천선아;김원배;김병문;안병옥
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.323-329
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    • 1996
  • A recombinant human erythropoietin (rHu-EPO), was administered intravenously to beagle dogs at doses of 100, 500 and 2, 500IU/kg/day for 30 days. There were no significant clinical signs such as body weight, food intake, physical and opthalmic examination, urine analysis, etc. Any toxic response was not observed except for enlarged spleen and extramedullary hematopoiesis. No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of rHu-EPO for 30 days was considered to be 100IU/kg/day in beagle dogs.

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A study on Toxoplasmosis in dogs (견의 Toxoplasmosis에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Cheong-San;Kwak, Hak-Koo;Park, Kyung-Jae;Jang, Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.29-39
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    • 1998
  • This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of antibody against Toxoplasma gondii in the dog by Latex agglutination test and Indirect fluorescent antibody test. Two month-old dogs were infected intraperitoneally with T gondii to observe histopathological and immunohisto-chemical changes. Results obtained through this experiment were summarized as follows ; 1. Among the serum samples of 163 heads of the dog, 10 samples(6.1%) were positive. 2. In the sex, 6 heads (7.1%) out of 84 female dogs and 4 heads(5.1%) out of 79 male dogs were positive. However, there were no significant differences between the male and female. 3. Overall proportion of agreement between indirect fluorescent antibody and Latex agglutination test in 163 sera of dogs was 97.5%. 4. When 2 month-old dogs were infected intraperitoneally with T gondii, main clinical signs were intermittent fever, dyspnea, diarrhea. In general, the infected dogs recovered closely on the 11th day of post-inoculation. 5. At necropsy, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrages and swelling in small intestine, lung, spleen, liver and kidney were observed. 6. In histopathological observation, interstitial pneumonia, hyperemia and hemorrhages in lung were observed. Focal necrosis of hepatocytes, the neutrophil and basophil in the renal tubular epithelium were observed. 7. By immunohistochemical staining using Vectorstain ABC kit, the positive cells were recognized in the lung and the liver. 8. By indirect fluorescent antibody test, the Toxoplasma antibodies in the infected dogs were detected on the 15th day of postinoculation.

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Detection of urinary trypsinogen-2 for diagnosis of canine acute pancreatitis (뇨중 trypsinogen-2 검출을 이용한 개의 급성 췌장염 진단)

  • Han, Hong-ryul;Hwang, Cheol-yong;Pak, Son-il;Oh, Tae-ho
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.39 no.5
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    • pp.951-960
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    • 1999
  • We performed this study to evaluate the potential clinical marker of urinary trypsinogen-2 together with amylase, lipase and urinary amylase creatinine clearance ratio (ACCR) for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in dogs. In the experiment on daily changing patterns of amylase, lipase and ACCR measurements in experimentally induced pancreatitis dogs, compared to values measured in pre-induction state, significant difference was seen in amylase until 5th day of induction, and for lipase significant difference was found during the 7th day of observation period (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in ACCR for the study period (p > 0.05). On SDS-PAGE analysis of urine from experimentally induced pancreatitis dog, The 26kd band was markedly increased compared with that of normal state and that band was confirmed trypsinogen-2 using substrate interaction and isoelectric focusing assay after being eluted. When assessing the appearance of 26kd band on urine SDS-PAGE 87.1% (range: 50~100%) of experimentally induced pancreatitis dogs showed positive results, whereas no corresponding band was seen in dog without pancreatic disorders. With this result, determination of urinary trypsinogen-2 assay was found to have a high diagnostic value with a 70% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity as a routine test for pancreatitis, although the detection of trypsinogen-2 in urine can be varied on the progression stage of pancreatitis at the initial visit to animal clinic. We therefore suggest that the promising results in this study be used for the development of dipstick test for detecting acute pancreatitis in the future research.

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A radio-tracking study of home-range of the Korean raccoon dog(Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) (원격무선추적을 통한 한국너구리(Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis)의 행동권 연구)

  • Kim, Baek-Jun;Choi, Tae-Young;Park, Chong-Hwa;Kim, Young-Jun;Lee, Hang
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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    • 2007.04a
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    • pp.136-142
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    • 2007
  • The main aim of this study is to estimate home-range of the Korean raccoon dog(Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) at a rural area of Gurye in the southern part of South Korea. A radio-tracking was regularly carried out on 4 raccoon dogs for 2 days every 2 months in 2006. During the days, the radio-tracking was usually conducted every 1-3 hours through day-time to night-time. Among the 4 raccoon dogs, 2 individuals(a permanent breeding pair) could be extensively tracked for 5 to 7 months, including all 4 seasons. The result showed that total home-range sizes of the pair were 0.732 $km^2$ and 0.373 $km^2$ for 100% minimum convex polygons(MCP) and 100% kernel(K), respectively, during the monitoring period. Mean home-range sizes of the 2 raccoon dogs were 0.035-0,688 $km^2$ and 0.012-0.341 $km^2$ for MCP and K, respectively. Yearly home-range sizes of the male and female were similar to each other. However, home-range sizes of the raccoon dogs between day-time and night-time were quite different. Furthermore, the raccoon dogs showed a much broader home-range size in spring, summer and fall than in winter season. Finally, the pair had a broad overlapping home-range(about 70-95%), and 1 core area and 4 different feeding areas.

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Surgical Techniques of Right Lung Transplantation in Dogs (황견에서 우측폐 이식수술기에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 이두연
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.416-424
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    • 1989
  • We have performed eight, single transplantations of right lung in dogs from September, 1988 to March 1989 at the Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgical department, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. We wrapped bronchial anastomosis site with great omentum and used cyclosporin in preoperative and postoperative periods in seven cases except one. The one without wrapping the bronchial anastomotic site with omentum and using cyclosporin died due to bronchial anastomotic site rupture in postoperative fourth day. If there is no reason to choose one side over the other, we would generally choose to do left-sided transplant as this is technically somewhat easier because of the long length of recipient bronchus and the ease of clamping the left atrium proximal to the pulmonary veins. The right atrium limits the amount of left atrium that can have incorporated into the clamp proximal to the pulmonary veins on the right side. But we had chosen to do right-sided transplant of lung because we must take variable technical experiences on right sided lung transplant in dogs. We have to anastomose one of pulmonary vein and left atrial wall on right-sided transplant easily only with double ligation of one pulmonary vein because right atrium limited the clamp of left atrium proximal to pulmonary veins with decreased venous return and cardiac output in some dogs. All seven dogs with right-sided lung transplant had survived more than one day with good condition except one. The one dog have to be sacrificed to evaluate the difference between the gas analysis in pulmonary venous and arterial blood in post-operative eight hours. We found hemorrhagic pulmonary edematous changes of contralateral left lung in this dog. And also all dogs have to be sacrificed for the evaluation of surgical problems, anytime in post-operative periods without any cardiopulmonary resuscitative efforts when the general condition would be worse progressively. We found no any surgical technical errors in seven dogs except one with thrombi in suture site of left atrium. There were hemorrhagic pulmonary edematous changes of transplanted right lung in one, of contralateral left lung in one, of contralateral left lung with double ligation of its pulmonary artery in one, thrombi around left atrial sutures sites in one, multiple air leakage in one bronchial rupture in one due to rejection or infection. There were accidental extubation and delayed intubation in one and unknown cause of death in one.

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