• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권10C호
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• pp.921-926
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• 2006

초광대역(UWB) 시스템은 높은 시간분해능으로 인해 복잡한 다중경로 환경에서도 정밀한 위치추적을 가능하게 한다. 그러나 송수신 채널에 존재할 수 있는 장애물로 인해서 정밀한 위치추적 성능이 저하될 수 있다. 첫째로 장애물은 다중경로의 구조를 복잡하게 만들어 직선경로 신호 성분의 도착시간 추정을 어렵게 만든다. 둘째로 전파시간에 초과시간지연을 초래하여 거리추정의 정확도를 저하시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 광선추적법을 사용하여 두번째 원인에 의해 발생하는 거리추정 오차를 줄이는 기법을 소개한다. 이를 위하여 통계적인 접근방식과 지도를 이용한 위치인식기법을 사용하였다. 통계적인 접근방식에서는 매질에 의해서 발생하는 초과시간지연들의 분포를 광선추적법을 사용하여 구하고, 이에 근거하여 오차의 하계를 구하였다. 또한 건물의 도면을 이용한 위치인식 방법에도 광선추적 법을 사용하였으며, 그 성능을 사무실 환경에서 측정된 데이터를 사용하여 검증하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2013

과거에는 단순한 파일 공유 어플리케이션들이 인터넷 트래픽의 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있었지만 현재는 실시간 스트리밍을 포함한 비디오 어플리케이션들이 그 자리를 대체하고 있다. 이에 따라 협조적 분산 환경을 지원하는 피투피 (P2P) 어플리케이션들의 패러다임도 비디오 스트리밍을 지원하는 방향으로변화하고 있다. 현재 비디오 스트리밍을 지원하는 피투피 방식들은 대부분 구협이 쉽고 스트리밍 어플리케이션으로의 전환이 용이한 비토렌트 (BitTorrent)를 기반하고 있다. 하지만 비토렌트 기반의 비디오 스트리밍방식들은 무임승차에 취약한 비토렌트의 특성을 그대로 반영하기 때문에 무임승차에 의해 시스템 자원이 부족한 상황에서는 제대로 동작하지 않는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 비토렌트 기반의 비디오 스트리밍 방식들의 무임승차에 대한 취약성을 분석하고, 기존 방식들에 대한 대안으로 (협조적 분산 환경 하에서 협동을 강제하기 위해 개발되었던) T-Chain의 적용 가능성에 대해 검토한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 T-Chain을 기반으로 한 비디오 스트리밍 방식인 S-TChain의 경우 부족한 자원환경에서 비토렌트 기반의 다른 방법들에 비해 평균 60% 이상의 향상된 성능을 보였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2018

가시아메바(Acanthamoeba spp.)와 파울러자유아메바(Naegleria fowleri)는 자유생활아메바로 자연계에 널리 분포하며 사람과 동물에게 치명적인 질병을 일으킨다. 본 연구에서는 가사아메바와 파울러자유아메바를 물 환경에서 조사하기 위해 기존에 보고된 네 종류의 분자생물학적 방법과 상용 real-time PCR 키트의 분석 민감도를 비교하였다. 그 결과 duplex real-time PCR 방법이 민감도가 가장 좋았으며, 동시에 두 종류의 자유생활아메바를 검출할 수 있었다. 따라서 이 방법을 사용하여 한국의 대전시에 위치한 3개 하천, 6개 지점을 대상으로 그 분포를 2회 조사하였다. 가시아메바는 12개 시료 중 10개 시료에서 검출되었으며(83.3%), 파울러자유아메바는 2개 시료에서 검출되었다(16.6%). 향후 이러한 유해 아메바로부터 먹는 물의 안전성을 확보하기 위해 지속적인 분포조사가 필요할 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2000

Objective : There are many treatment modalitis in management of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. In the secondary trigeminal neuralgia, there has been only sporadic reports of the etiology. Authors report the treatment result of secondary trigeminal neuralgia with percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy. Methods : During last ten years, 129 trigeminal neuralgias were treated by percutaneous radiofrequency(RF) rhizotomy by authors. Among them, nine patients were secondary trigeminal neuralgias. These patients refused treatment for the primary cause and only wanted pain control. The offending lesions were three arachnoid cysts, six tumors. The mean age was 47.8 years and the mean duration of follow-up was 6.2 years. The right V2,3 distribution was most prevalent area of pain. Authors used the conventional Hartel's anterior approach and straight electrode for RF lesion generation. Result : The early result was satisfactory. Eight of nine patients became free of pain and one patient needed minimal dose of carbamazepine. The overall pain control was 100%. There was no mortality or morbidity for initial RF rhizotomy. During follow-up, four patients showed recurrence of pain(44%). Among these, two underwent repeated RF rhizotomy and became free of pain. The other two were controlled with medical management. Conclusion : These results indicate that the percutaneous RF rhizotomy is effective means of pain control. Overall recurrence was somewhat higher than that of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Even with recurrence, however, repeated RF rhizotomy seems to be effective method of control of pain in these cases.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1314-1319
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• 2008

Fatigue reliability problems are nowadays actively considered in the design of mechanical components. Recently, Dimension Reduction Method using Kriging approximation (KDRM) was proposed by the authors to efficiently calculate statistical moments of the response function. This method, which is more tractable for its sensitivity-free nature and providing the response PDF in a few number of analyses, is adopted in this study for the reliability analysis. Before applying this method to the practical fatigue problems, accuracies are studied in terms of parameters of the KDRM through a number of numerical examples, from which best set of parameters are suggested. In the fatigue reliability problems, good number of experimental data are necessary to get the statistical distribution of the S-N parameters. The information, however, are not always available due to the limited expense and time. In this case, a family of curves with prediction interval, called P-S-N curve, is constructed from regression analysis. Using the KDRM, once a set of responses are available at the sample points at the mean, all the reliability analyses for each P-S-N curve can be efficiently studied without additional response evaluations. The method is applied to a spring design problem as an illustration of practical applications, in which reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is conducted by employing stochastic response surface method which includes probabilistic constraints in itself. Resulting information is of great practical value and will be very helpful for making trade-off decision during the fatigue design.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.581-601
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• 2022

The main objective of this research work is to investigate the free vibration behavior of annular sandwich plates resting on the Kerr foundation at thermal conditions. This sandwich configuration is composed of two FGM face sheets as coating layer and a porous GPLRC (GPL reinforced composite) core. It is supposed that the GPL nanofillers and the porosity coefficient vary continuously along the core thickness direction. To model closed-cell FG porous material reinforced with GPLs, Halpin-Tsai micromechanical modeling in conjunction with Gaussian-Random field scheme is used, while the Poisson's ratio and density are computed by the rule of mixtures. Besides, the material properties of two FGM face sheets change continuously through the thickness according to the power-law distribution. To capture fundamental frequencies of the annular sandwich plate resting on the Kerr foundation in a thermal environment, the analysis procedure is with the aid of Reddy's shear-deformation plate theory based high-order shear deformation plate theory (HSDT) to derive and solve the equations of motion and boundary conditions. The governing equations together with related boundary conditions are discretized using the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method in the spatial domain. Numerical results are compared with those published in the literature to examine the accuracy and validity of the present approach. A parametric solution for temperature variation across the thickness of the sandwich plate is employed taking into account the thermal conductivity, the inhomogeneity parameter, and the sandwich schemes. The numerical results indicate the influence of volume fraction index, GPLs volume fraction, porosity coefficient, three independent coefficients of Kerr elastic foundation, and temperature difference on the free vibration behavior of annular sandwich plate. This study provides essential information to engineers seeking innovative ways to promote composite structures in a practical way.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.344-354
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Although antibiotics have contributed to treatment of bacterial infection, the antibiotic abuse can lead to antibiotic resistant bacteria. Impact of human activities on distribution of antibiotic resistance has been intensively issued and occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in contaminated environments would not be a surprise. Nonetheless, anthropogenic contamination with the dissemination of antibiotic resistance along uncontaminated environments has been less considered. The aim of this study is to investigate antibiotic resistant bacteria across Ulleungdo, known as antibiotic resistance free and anthropogenic pollution free environment in Rep. of Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: Antibiotic resistant bacteria in coastal seawater of Ulleungdo were investigated in July 2021. Antibiotic susceptibility test using the disk diffusion method was applied with six drugs according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. Total 43 bacterial isolates were tested and 20 isolates among of them showed multidrug resistance. Particularly, the number and ratio of resistant bacteria were relatively high in a densely populated area of Ulleungdo. The bacterial communities were investigated using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding approach in the coastal seawater and soils of Ulleungdo. In the bacterial communities, Firmicutes were selectively distributed only in seawater, suggesting the possibility of anthropogenic contamination in coastal seawater of Ulleungdo. CONCLUSION(S): We found antibiotic resistant bacteria in a populated area of Ulleungdo. The occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in Ulleungdo seems to result from the recent anthropogenic impact. Consistent monitoring of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the uncontaminated environment needs to considered for future risk assessment of antibiotics.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2002

This study described computer aided die design system for cold forging of non-axisymmetric parts such as gears and splines. To design the cold forging die, an integrated approach based on a rule-base system and commercial F. E. code were adopted. This system is implemented on the personal computer and its environment is a commercial CAD package named as Auto CAD. The system includes four modules. In the initial data input module, variables which are necessary to design of die are inputted by user and die material are selected from the database according to the variables. In the analysis and redesign module, stress distribution acting on the designed die is analyzed by commercial FEM code NISA II with elastic mode. If die failure predicted, the designed die would modified in four ways to prevent die failure in both states of stress free and pressurizing. The developed system provides useful date and powerful capabilities for die design of non-axisymmetric parts.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.907-923
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• 2020

For the severe haze situation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, conventional fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration prediction methods based on pollutant data face problems such as incomplete data, which may lead to poor prediction performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of predicting the PM2.5 concentration based on image analysis technology that combines image data, which can reflect the original weather conditions, with currently popular machine learning methods. First, based on local parameter estimation, autoregressive (AR) model analysis and local estimation of the increase in image blur, we extract features from the weather images using an approach inspired by free energy and a no-reference robust metric model. Next, we compare the coefficient energy and contrast difference of each pixel in the AR model and then use the percentages to calculate the image sharpness to derive the overall mass fraction. Furthermore, the results are compared. The relationship between residual value and PM2.5 concentration is fitted by generalized Gauss distribution (GGD) model. Finally, nonlinear mapping is performed via the wavelet neural network (WNN) method to obtain the PM2.5 concentration. Experimental results obtained on real data show that the proposed method offers an improved prediction accuracy and lower root mean square error (RMSE).

• 재무관리연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.113-135
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• 1997

본 논문의 목적은 미국 손해보험회사간의 합병을 대상으로 하여 합병전과 후 기업의 X-효율성을 실증분석과 모의분석 방법을 이용해서 검증하고 합병의 잠재적인 X-효율성 효과를 분석하고자 하였다. X-효율성의 증진정도를 파악하기 위해서 횡단면적인 비용함수를 먼저 추정하였는데 비용함수 추정시 생산물이 제로(0)인 경우를 포함하기 위하여 혼용초월 로그비용함수(hybrid translog cost function)를 사용하였다. 그리고 Berger(1992)의 비분포방법(distribution free approach)를 사용하여 기업의 합병전,후 X-효율성을 추정하였다. 1986년부터 1990년 사이에 수평합병한 미국 손보사를 대상으로 피합병기업(merged firms)과 합병기업(merging firms)간의 X-효율성 차이를 검증하였으나 합병전 합병기업이 더 효율적이라는 통계적 증거는 없었다. 두 번째로 합병기업은 합병후 효율성이 증진하였느냐는 가설도 검증하였으나 이 가설을 지지할 만한 통계적 증거는 미약하였다. 가상합병을 통한 모의분석에서는 합병후 상당한 X-효율성 증진이 있을 것이라는 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 얻었으나 합병후 규모효율성의 중진에 대해서는 통계적 유의성이 없었다. 이는 합병의 최대 효익이 규모효율성 증대가 아닌 X-효율성 증대라는 Shaffer(1993)나 Berger and Humphrey(1993)의 연구결과와 일치한다. 실증분석 결과와 모의분석 결과를 비교하면 전자에서는 합병후 X-효율성의 증가효과가 거의 없었으나 후자에서는 합병후 상당한 X-효율성 증가가 있을 것으로 나타났다. 이는 실제 미국 손보사의 합병에서 과도한 합병프리미엄 지급, 규제에 의한 중복비용 둥으로 단기적으로 볼 때 합병사가 부담하는 합병비용이 합병에 의한 효익보다 컸을 것이라는 것을 시사한다.