• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.685-694
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• 2015

In the present study, we conducted in-depth interviews with school dieticians and nutrition teachers to determine the local foods they were aware of and their experiences with local foods. We also aimed to obtain more detailed measures for local food vitalization and suggestions for improvements. In-depth interviews were performed with 8 school dieticians and nutrition teachers, who stated that local food vitalization was needed for school food services, because it could be a foundation for securing safefood products, student healthi mprovements, environmental protection, and the establishment of a general consumption market. However, they were aware of a higher number of disadvantages than advantages in school situations and indicated the deterioration of the quality of food products as the biggest disadvantage. The most-suggested measurement items for local food vitalization in schools included improvement of the food distribution system, expansion of education, information sharing, prevention of monopolies, improvement of food-product quality, and mass production. In addition, it was suggested that school dieticians and nutrition teachers should invest efforts in the development of excellent recipes and varied diets utilizing local foods. Therefore, system supplementation is urgently required in order for school food service officials, and consumers, to efficiently introduce and vitalize local foods. It is also necessary to foster an environment that encourages trust-based relationships with producers to maximize the effect of system supplementation. This would be the foundation for improving the health of students, improving food-service quality, nutrition management, and vitalization of the regional economy in the future, and will positively affect students' food consumption patterns even after they become adults.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.849-862
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• 2017

The increased frequency of meteorological disasters has been observed due to increased extreme events such as heavy rainfalls and flash floods. Numerous studies using high-resolution weather radar rainfall data have been carried out on the hydrological effects. In this study, a conditional merging technique is employed, which makes use of geostatistical methods to extract the optimal information from the observed data. In this context, three different techniques such as kriging, inverse distance weighting and spline interpolation methods are applied to conditionally merge radar and ground rainfall data. The results show that the estimated rainfall not only reproduce the spatial pattern of sub-hourly rainfall with a relatively small error, but also provide reliable temporal estimates of radar rainfall. The proposed modeling framework provides feasibility of using conditionally merged rainfall estimation at high spatio-temporal resolution in ungauged areas.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.358-367
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• 2012

Recently, The development of information and communication technologies is having a very strong effect on the agri-food industry. Especially, agri-food content utilizing social network services such as Facebook and Twitter led to direct communication with consumers stirred into a new distribution channel. The purpose of this paper is to provide way to successful utilization of agri-food contents and improvement of purchase intention. The results of analyzing the relation between the three characteristics of SNS-social presence, conversation and interaction frequency-, consumer satisfaction and purchase intention are summarized as follows. First, characteristics of SNS of social presence and conversation have a positive effect on consumer satisfaction. Second, the interaction frequency does not have positive effect on consumer satisfaction. Finally, the consumer satisfaction has a positive effect on purchase intention.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1 s.69
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• pp.25-34
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• 2007

Objectives : The present study was carried out to provide basic information necessary for the prevention and efficient treatment of stroke through a comparison between thr patients of the first attack and those of recurrence. Methods : The observation f3r the current study was made on 210 cases of stroke that were confirmed through brain CT-scan. The patients were hospitalized at one of two oriental medical hospitals in Seoul during 2006. Result : The main results were as follows. First, the male-to-female ratio of stroke patients were 1:1.26, with more primary stroke far females and more recurrent stroke for males. Second, in the age distribution, seventies was the top, and sixties, fifties, and forties were next in the order of frequency. A large city was the most frequent residential site and unemployment was the most frequent occupation to have stroke. The incidence of stroke became higher as patients had a taste for spicy and salty food. Third, the most common preceding disease was hypertension. In the relationship of diastolic blood pressure with recurrence, there was significance in the test of independence. Fourth, the most important precipitating conditions at the onset of stroke were rest and steeping. The most common precedent symptoms were verbal disturbance, numbness, and dizziness. In the stroke patients with hemiparesis, male and female patients usually showed It. hemiparesis. Fifth, as a result of brain CT-scan, cerebral hemorrhage was inclined to reduce but cerebral infarction was inclined to increase due to senility and change of lifestyle. Finally, total cholesterol findings disclosed that 22.4% were hypercholesteremia, 18.6 % were hyperlipemia in triglyceride findings, and 19.0% were glycosemia in glucose findings. Conclusions : The above results suggested avoidance of meat and salty fDod and positive control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in order to prevent stroke.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.197-213
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• 2005

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate chief complaints of pediatric outpatients .Fin the oriental hospital and search for a trend of patients and their symtoms. Method : The study was composed of 2,915 new patients aged between 0 and 20 who had been visited pediatrics in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ university oriental hospital from 2001 to 2004. Results : The percentage of new patients decreased every year with 30.7% in 2001, 25.5% in 2002, 24.1% in 2003, 17.8% in 2004. The age distribution showed 9.9% in infancy patients, 62.6% in early childhood, 16.8% in late childhood, 10.6% in adolescence. The percentage of infants decreased every year with 13.3% in 2001, 9.4% in 2002, 8.8% in 2003, 7.1% in 2004. The percentage of adolescents increased every year with 8.0% in 2001, 9.6% in 2002, 12.8% in 2003, 13.5% in 2004. Systemic division of chief complaints was respiratory symtoms(37.6%), general symtoms(26.1%), digestive symtoms(19.2%), skin symtoms(6.8%), nervous and mental symtoms (6.1%), urinary symtoms(2.2%), musculoskeletal symtoms(1.3%) and others(0.7%) in order of frequency. The main chief complaints were nasal mucus/obstruction(17.5%), weakness(16.9%), cough(12.8%), loss of appetite(9.8%), inappropriate growth(4.3%), atopic skin problem(3.4%), repeated common cold(2.4%), abdominal pain(2.4%), vomiting (2.2%), diarrhea(2.0%) and fever (1.9%). Loss of appetite, inappropriate growth and repeated common cold increased every year. Diarrhea and convulsion decreased every year. Conclusions : The two main causes of visit of patients were respiratory problems and improvement of general condition. More data of patients should be accumulated for further study. Not only analysis according to chief complaint, but also analysis according to diagnosis will accomplish more aaccurate information about disease of childrens in the future.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.379-389
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• 2007

This paper presents an attempt to determine natural background levels of heavy metals which could be used for assessing heavy metal contamination. For this study, a large archive dataset of heavy metal concentration (Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn) for more than 900 surface sediment samples from various Korean coastal environments was newly compiled. These data were normalized for aluminum (grain-size normalizer) concentration to isolate natural factors from anthropogenic ones. The normalization was based on the hypothesis that heavy metal concentrations vary consistently with the concentration of aluminum, unless these metals are of anthropogenic origin. So, the samples (outliers) suspected of receivingany anthropogenic input were removed from regression to ascertain the "background" relationship between the metals and aluminum. Identification of these outliers was tested using a model of predicted limits at 95%. The process of testing for normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test) and selection of outliers was iterated until a normal distribution was achieved. On the basis of the linear regression analysis of the large archive (please check) dataset, background levels, which are applicable to heavy metal assessment of Korean coastal sediments, were successfully developed for Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn. As an example, we tested the applicability of this baseline level for metal pollution assessment of Masan Bay sediments.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.37
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• pp.277-327
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• 2008

This paper is to provide for an analysis on the trade adjustment assistance program and the Case study affected by international trade and FTA. The paper offers a legal study on analysis about Korea's Trade Adjustment Assistance Law for the Manufacturing Industries, USA's TAA. and Japan's law for Industry revival. In general, USA's TAA measures are defined as assistance actions for business enterprises, farmers and manufacturing industries workers. We exclude farmers and fishermen under Korea's Trade Adjustment Assistance Law for the Manufacturing Industries's business enterprises and workers, but we give them the systemic supports under korea's special assistance law for the farmers and fishermen and so on after FTA. Especially this focuses on the trade adjustment assistance case about both Korea's agriculture-farmer assistance from FTA and USA's TAA from workers in layoffs of trade-impacted communities. Korea has provided TAA to the sphere of agriculture after special legislation in Korea-Chile helping closed orchard, modernizing high quality producing facility for agriculture competition, producing superior fruit saplings, and constructing the distribution center in the producing district. But for US-Korea FTA and rapid increase of import by FTA expansion, we must prepare such indemnity systems for loss as cash benefit and wider aids for closed farm. The USA's TAA program targets manufacturing workers affected by international trade, who may have fewer transferable skills and face greater challenges to reemployment than other dislocated workers. A large majority sought some assistance from their one-stop center. Relatively small numbers chose to enroll in training, but those who did it often used this opportunity to chart a new career path. Finally, we learned the importance of education and discipline from USA cases. The fast and accurate information providing can raise efficiencies. The infrastructure can maximize the effect of TAA. The effective application would help us get over difficulties of TAA at hand.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

In this study, a Long Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy system (K-JIST LP-DOAS) has been used to simultaneously measure atmospheric monoaromatic hydrocarbons and other trace compounds. The validity of the K-JIST LP-DOAS for measuring atmospheric monoaromatic hydrocarbons was tested during a field campaign between 12 February and 14 March 2003 at an urban site in Seoul, Korea through inter-comparative measurements against a collocated on-line Gas Chromatography (GC) system. The concentrations of benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and m-xylene were measured with the K-JIST LP-DOAS system in the UV region (239～302 nm) over a 740 m beam path. For the other trace compounds, a longer spectral range (299～362 nm) was used. In order to remove the interference of atmospheric abundant species (such as oxygen, sulfur dioxide and ozone), two oxygen optical density spectra obtained at two pathlengths, 697 and 1133m, and reference spectra of sulfur dioxide and ozone were incorporated in the fitting procedure. The mean concentrations measured by our LP-DOAS during the measurement period were 0.77 ($\pm$0.38) ppbv for benzene, 3.68 ($\pm$1.90) ppbv for toluene, 0.41 ($\pm$0.19) ppbv for p-xylene, 0.54 ($\pm$0.24) ppbv for m-xylene. The concentration data of benzene, toluene, p-xylene and m-xylene obtained by our LP-DOAS were found to be in relatively good correlations with those of the online GC system. Pearson's coefficients in the observed concentrations between LP-DOAS and on-line GC were 0.84 for benzene, 0.83 for toluene and 0.65 for m,p-xylene. This study suggests that the LP-DOAS system can be used to provide reliable information on both the mixing ratios and temporal distribution characteristics of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in the urban air.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.289-302
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• 2017

The key risk analysis technologies for the re-entry of space objects into Earth's atmosphere are divided into four categories: cataloguing and databases of the re-entry of space objects, lifetime and re-entry trajectory predictions, break-up models after re-entry and multiple debris distribution predictions, and ground impact probability models. In this study, we focused on reentry prediction, including orbital lifetime assessments, for space situational awareness systems. Re-entry predictions are very difficult and are affected by various sources of uncertainty. In particular, during uncontrolled re-entry, large spacecraft may break into several pieces of debris, and the surviving fragments can be a significant hazard for persons and properties on the ground. In recent years, specific methods and procedures have been developed to provide clear information for predicting and analyzing the re-entry of space objects and for ground-risk assessments. Representative tools include object reentry survival analysis tool (ORSAT) and debris assessment software (DAS) developed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), spacecraft atmospheric re-entry and aerothermal break-up (SCARAB) and debris risk assessment and mitigation analysis (DRAMA) developed by European Space Agency (ESA), and semi-analytic tool for end of life analysis (STELA) developed by Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). In this study, various surveys of existing re-entry space objects are reviewed, and an efficient re-entry prediction technique is suggested based on STELA, the life-cycle analysis tool for satellites, and DRAMA, a re-entry analysis tool. To verify the proposed method, the re-entry of the Tiangong-1 Space Lab, which is expected to re-enter Earth's atmosphere shortly, was simulated. Eventually, these results will provide a basis for space situational awareness risk analyses of the re-entry of space objects.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.38-47
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• 2003

Distributed problem solving is the cooperative solution of problem by a decentralized and loosely couped collection of knowledge-sources (KS's), located in a number of distinct processor nodes. The contract net protocol has been developed to specify problem-solving communication and control for nodes in a distributed problem solver. Task distribution is affected by a negotiation process, a discussion carried on between nodes with tasks to be executed and nodes that may be able to execute tasks In this paper, we present the coordination method among distributed intrusion detection system and firewall by the contract net protocol. The method enhances the intrusion detection performance and provides the communication methods. To mode IDS and firewall, security models hue been hierarchically constructed based on the DEVS (Discrete Event system Specification) formalism. Each ID agent cooperates through the contract net protocol for detecting intrusions. The IDS which detects the intrusion informs to firewall, so the harmful network traffic is blocked. If an agent detects infusions, the agent transfers attacker's information to a firewall. Using this mechanism attacker's packets detected by In can be prevented from damaging the network.