• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제32A권4호
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• pp.15-23
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• 1995

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a transient queueing approximation when it is applied to modeling computer communication networks. An operational computer network that uses the ISO IS-IS(Intermediate System-Intermediate System) routing protocol is modeled as a Jackson network. The primary goal of the approximation pursued in the study was to provide transient queue statistics comparable in accuracy to the results from conventional Monte Carlo simulations. A closure approximation of the M/M/1 queueing system was extended to the general Jackson network in order to obtain transient queue statistics. The performance of the approximation was compared to a discrete event simulation under nonstationary conditions. The transient results from the two simulations are compared on the basis of queue size and computer execution time. Under nonstationary conditions, the approximations for the mean and variance of the number of packets in the queue erer fairly close to the simulation values. The approximation offered substantial speed improvements over the discrete event simulation. The closure approximation provided a good alternative Monte Carlo simulation of the computer networks.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.364-364
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• 2000

Timed Petri Net(TPN) is one of methods to model and to analyze Discrete Event Dynamic Systems(DEDSs) with real time values. It has two time values, earliest firing time ($\alpha$$_{i}$) and latest firing time ($\beta$$_{I}$) for the each transition. A transition of TPN is fired at arbitrary time of time interval ($\alpha$$_{I}$, $\beta$$_{i}$). Uncertainty of firing time gives difficulty to analyze and estimate a modeled system. In this paper, we proposed the Fuzzy Transition Timed Petri Net(FTTPN) with fuzzy theory to determine the optimal transition time (${\gamma}$$_{i}$). The transition firing time (${\gamma}$$_{i}$) of FTTPN is determined from fuzzy controller which is modeled with information of state transition. Each of the traffic signal controllers are modeled using the proposed method and timed petri net. And its Performance is evaluated by simulation of traffic signal controller. controller.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2014년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.196-197
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• 2014

Low carbon construction is an important operation management goal such as cost, time, and quality in construction community. This paper introduces a system which measures the variability of carbon dioxide amounts. First, this system allows creating construction operation models of which the level of detail is breakdown into the work task level. Second, the system implements sensitivity analysis along with a ranges of resources that are allocated in an operation model. It facilitates to find the optimal resource combination using the operation performances such as the amount of emissions, operation completion time, and cost. Lastly, it identifies the best fit probability distribution functions of performance criteria given a certain resource combination. It allows project manager to query the percentages to complete the operation within a limitation specified by the system users.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.610-614
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• 2000

Cellular Automata(CA)s are used as a simple mathematical model to investigate self-organization in statistical mechanics, which are originally introduced by von Neumann and S. Ulam at the end of the 1940s. CAs provide a framework for a large class of discrete models with homogeneous interactions, which are characterized by the following fundamental properties: 1) CAs are dynamical systems in which space and time are discrete. 2) The systems consist of a regular grid of cells. 3) Each cell is characterized by a state taken from a finite set of states and updated synchronously in discrete time steps according to a local, identical interaction rule. 4) The state of a cell is determined by the previous states of a surrounding neighborhood of cells. A cellular automaton has been attracted wide interest in modeling physical phenomena, which are described generally, partial differential equations such as diffusion and wave propagation. This paper describes one and two-dimensional analysis of wave propagation phenomena modeled by CA, where the local interaction rules were derived referring to the Lattice Gas Model reported by Chen et al., and also including finite difference scheme. Modeling processes by using CA are discussed and the simulation results of wave propagation with one wave source are compared with that by finite difference method.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.422-428
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• 1988

반복 학습제어시스템은 시행을 반복함으로써 유한시간의 목표출력에 대하여 추종해 가도록 하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 이산시간 시스템에 있어서의 이산 시간 학습제어 입력을 구하는 방법을 제안한다. 여기서 현재시행의 제어입력은 바로 전시행에서 입력 sequence와 time-shift된 error sequence의 선형조합에 의하여 구해진다. 컴퓨터로 제어되는 이산시간 시스템에서 error신호의 미분조작이 필요한 연속시간 Betterment Process에 비하여 error sequence의 time-shift조작은 보다 간단해지며 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 그 유효성을 확인하였다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.108-112
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• 2005

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅의 기반 설비인 센서 네트워크는 많은 수의 센서 노드들로 구성되며, 각 센서 노드의 하드웨어는 매우 작은 규모이다. 또한 센서 네트워크는 구축 목적에 따라 네트워크 토폴로지 및 라우팅 방식이 결정되어야 하고, 이와 더불어 센서 노드의 하드웨어와 소프트웨어도 필요에 따라 다양하게 변경되어야 한다. 따라서 센서 네트워크가 구현되기 전에 시스템 동작과 성능을 예측할 수 있는 센서 네트워크 시뮬레이터가 필요하다. 기존의 센서 네트워크 시뮬레이터들은 특별한 응용을 위한 특정 기반의 하드웨어와 운영체제에 국한되어 개발되었기 때문에 다양한 센서 네트워크 환경을 지원하기에는 한계가 있으며, 센서 네트워크 설계상의 주요 요소인 전력소모량과 실행 시간에 대한 분석이 포함되지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 특정한 응용이나 운영체제에 제한을 받지 않으면서 다양하게 센서 네트워크 환경을 설계 및 검증할 수 있고, 더불어 전력소모량과 실행시간 추정도 가능한 시뮬레이터를 개발하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서 개발한 시뮬레이터는 기계명령어-레벨(machine instruction-level)의 이산-사건 시뮬레이션(discrete-event simulation) 기법을 이용함으로써 실제 센서 노드의 프로그램 실행 및 관련 동작들을 세부적으로 예측하는 데 사용될 수 있도록 하였다. 시뮬레이션의 작업부하(workload)인 명령어 트레이스(instruction trace)로는 ATmega128L 마이크로컨트롤러용으로 크로스 컴파일된 인텔 핵스-레코드(.hex) 형식을 사용한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.532-543
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• 2003

본 논문은 저작권보호를 위해 디지털영상의 라벨링을 위한 reversible DTCNN(discrete-time cellular neural network) 구조를 제안한다. 이러한 저작권보호 라벨링을 위해서 2차원 이진 pseudo 랜덤 영상열에 사용할 수 있는 새로운 reversible DTCNN의 구조와 개념을 설명하고 이에 대한 복잡행위를 보여주기 위해 reversible DTCNN의 서로 다른 방법들의 예시를 들어 설명한다. 또한 서로 다른 2진영상인 원영상과 복사된 영상은 서로 다른 2진 랜덤 영상키를 사용한다. 이 영상키는 원영상을 스크램블하는데 사용된다. 따라서 reversible DTCNN를 다시 역변환시켜서 저작권보호가 라벨링된 영상으로부터 복사된 영상임을 찾아낼 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 동영상을 처리하는 데는 S/W에서는 많은 시간이 소요되므로 고속 DTCNN 칩을 사용하여 실시간에서 동영상이나 비디오영상을 저작권보호를 위한 라벨링에 사용할 수 있으며, 이러한 결과를 컴퓨터에서 시뮬레이션됨을 보인다.

• 경영과학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.91-103
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• 2012

Revenue management problems originated in the 1970's in the context of the airline industry have been successfully introduced in airline industries. It has started on the capacity control by booking classes for available seats, and has been recognized as a powerful tool to maximize the total revenue. Changing customer behavior and airline market environments, however, has required a new mechanism for improving the revenue. Dynamic pricing is one of innovative tools which is to adjust prices according to the market status. In this paper, we consider a dynamic pricing and seat control problem for discrete time horizon. The problem can be modeled as a stochastic programming problem. Applying the linear approximation technique and given the price set for each time, we suggest a mixed Integer Programming model to solve our problem efficiently. From the simulation results, we can find our model makes good performance and can be expanded to other comprehensive problems.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.291-300
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• 1990

This paper presents a robust discrete-time direct adaptive pole-placement with new discrete parameter adaptation algorithm (PAA), the standard RLS is suitably modified by adding a term which is exponentially proportional to the filtered tracking error and using a signal normalization. It is shown that it makes the overall adaptive system more robust in the presence of disturbances or unmodeled dynamics. In order to discuss the robustness improvement by using the input-output stability theory, the overall adaptive control system is reformulated and the sector theory is applied. In addition, computer simulation results are presented to complement the theoretical development.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1000-1010
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• 2019

The use of internal-model-based linear controller, such as resonant controller, is a well-established technique for the current control of grid-connected systems. Attractive properties for resonant controllers include their two-sequence tracking ability, the simple control structure, and the reduced computational burden. However, in the case of continuous-designed resonant controller, the transient performance is inevitably degraded at a low switching frequency. Moreover, available design methods for resonant controller is not able to realize the direct design of transient performances, and the anticipated transient performance is mainly achieved through trial and error. To address these problems, the zero-order-hold (ZOH) characteristic and inherent time delay in digital control systems are considered comprehensively in the design, and a corresponding hold-equivalent discrete model of the grid-connected converter is then established. The relationship between the placement of closed-loop poles and the corresponding transient performance is comprehensively investigated to realize the direct mapping relationship between the control gain and the transient response time. For the benefit of automatic tuning and real-time adaption, analytical expressions for controller gains are derived in detail using the required transient response time and system parameters. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.