• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of neck patterns in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) for neck movement and the neck disability index (NDI) among adults with forward head posture. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects in the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise group (PNFG, n = 20) received 20 minutes of PNF neck pattern (flexion-Rt. lateral flexion-Rt. rotation followed by extension-Lt. lateral flexion-Lt. rotation) 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. Outcomes were measured using absolute rotation angle (ARA), anterior weight bearing (AWB), range of flexion and extension motions (RFEM), and neck disability index (NDI) methods before and after the 4-week intervention period. Results: There were significant effects for the PNFG, pre- and post-intervention, in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI. There were significant differences in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI compared with CG. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the PNF neck pattern could be beneficial for adults with forward head posture.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2013

Wheelchair users have a difficulty in managing their weight because there is lack of measure systems and even though the users have the system, it costs too much. Thus, purpose of this study is for developing the portable weight scale automatic device to help wheelchair users by monitoring their weight on the wheelchairs in real time. Portable weight scale automatic device composed by four strain gauges, and the device was connected with mobile phone so that wheelchair users were able to check their weight in real time. In order to evaluate the device performance, 10 normal subjects and 10 disabled subjects participated in this study. The subjects' truth weight and measured weight by the device are compared. The weigh difference within normal subjects was $0.75{\pm}0.80kg$, and the weigh difference within disabled subjects was $1.02{\pm}0.74kg$. Difference between the truth weigh and the measured weigh were not statistically different. The reason for this error occurred is inaccuracy of the loadcell installation and calibration. If this problems get solved, the measured indicator is expected to help wheelchair users to manage their weight.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2022

Disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) estimates may vary according to factors such as the standard life expectancy, age weighting, time preference and discount rate, calculation of disability weights, and selection of the estimation method. DALY estimation methods are divided into the following 3 approaches: the incidence-based approach, the pure prevalence-based approach, and the hybrid approach. These 3 DALY estimation approaches each reflect different perspectives on the burden of disease using unique characteristics, based on which the selection of a suitable approach may vary by the purpose of the study. The Global Burden of Disease studies, which previously estimated DALYs using the incidence-based approach, switched to using the hybrid approach in 2010, while the National Burden of Disease studies in Korea still mainly apply the incidence-based approach. In order to increase comparability with other international burden of disease studies, more DALY studies using the prevalence-based approach need to be conducted in Korea. However, with the limitations of the hybrid approach in mind, it is necessary to conduct more research using a disease classification system suitable for Korea. Furthermore, more detailed and valid data sources should be established before conducting studies using a broader variety of DALY estimation approaches. This review study will help researchers on burden of disease use an appropriate DALY estimation approach and will contribute to enhancing researchers' ability to critically interpret burden of disease studies.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권11호
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• pp.1067-1071
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• 2007

목 적 : 초극소저출생체중아의 생존율 향상에 따라 장기 신경발달 장애가 감소했는지 여부와 이들의 장기 신경발달의 예후 인자에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1994년 11월부터 2004년 7월까지 삼성서울병원 신생아중환자실에서 입원 치료 받은 초극소저출생체중아 중 교정나이 18개월에 외래에서 추적관찰이 가능하였던 134명을 대상으로 하였으며 외래 방문 시 진찰소견과 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 대상 환아를 1994년 11월부터 1999년 12월까지인 제 I기와 2000년 1월부터 2004년 7월까지인 제 II기로 나누었으며 각각 36명과 98명이 해당되었다. 결 과 : 제 I기에 비하여 제 II기에 재태연령과 출생체중이 낮았지만 생존율은 향상되었으며(제 I기: 60.0%, 제 II기: 74.7%) 뇌성마비는 감소하였고(제 I기: 22.2%, 제 II기: 8.2%) 따라잡기 성장은 향상되었다(제 I기: 25.0%, 제 II기: 51.0%). 뇌실주위 백질연화증, 패혈증과 기관지폐 이형성증의 이환율은 제 II기에 감소하였다. 뇌성마비의 가장 큰 위험요인은 3도 이상의 고도 뇌실내출혈, 따라잡기 성장의 실패와 뇌실주위 백질연화증이었다. 결 론 : 초극소저출생체중아의 생존율 향상은 장기적인 예후의 향상과 관련되어 있으며 신생아 관리의 질향상과 관련된 뇌실주위 백질연화증의 감소, 고도 뇌실내출혈의 감소, 더 나은 영양공급이 장기적인 예후의 향상과 관련된 것으로 보인다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.183-203
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• 2002

To know the effect of index of social ability (ISA) and function of social life (FSL) with activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), we carried out a study on the elderly with osteoarthritis daily living in Daegu city for 4 months, from April to July 2002. The followings were observed: 1. The score of functional disability of knee, ADL and ISA were better at lower age (p < 0.01). 2. The younger they are, the better FSL they have. The lower age group has good FSL (p < 0.01). 3. Weight affects more to the under 49Kg group than 50-59Kg group and 60-69Kg group in functional disability of knee, while it doesn't make much difference for the other groups (p > 0.05) and other assessment index doesn't show any relationship with weight. 4. Regarding relat ionship with height , taller group has better knee functions: it's proved by post hock examination that the over 160cm group has much higher knee function than the other groups (p < 0.05). In case of ADL, the over 160cm group and under 149cm group were better than 150$\∼$159cm group. (p < 0.01) . 5. ISA was also different depending on height . It was proved that FSL was the better for the over 160cm group than for the others as a result of post hock examination (p < 0.05). 6. In regard of how many months have passed since the attack of functional disability of knee, knee joint function was better for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group than for the others and the score of ADL was lower for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group than for the others (p < 0.01). ISA was lower for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group and the under 6mon group than for the other groups (p < 0.01). FSL was lower for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group and the under 6mon group than the other groups. (p < 0.01). 7. Comparing left knee with right one, the problem with left knee has lower score of functional disability in all items (p < 0.01). 8. Considering friction noise, knee joint function was slightly better for non-friction noise-group, but it's not statistically significant though. ADL and ISA were better for non-friction noise-group (p < 0.01), while no statistical significance was found in FSL, 9. Knee joint function was better for the group who doesn't have limitation on range of knee flexion motion (p,0.05) but no other difference was found in other items from this group. 10. Limitation on range of knee flexion motion has no statistical difference in ADL and FSL. However, ISA was better for the non-limitation group (p < 0.05) . 11. Knee joint function score has high correlation with ISA (r=0.812, p < 0.01) and FSL (r=0.732, p < 0.01) , which shows the better knee joint function, the higher the score. 12. ISA and FSL were highly correlated: the better ISA, the better FSL (r=0.893, p < 0.01), while ADL has no correlation with either knee joint function or ISA or FSL.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2005

Chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of death and disability in Korea since 1970 due to lifestyle change introduced by urbanization & industrialization. The type of cancer and cardiovascular diseases changes as lifestyle becomes westernized. These diseases account for 4 of every 10 deaths and affect the quality of lift of Koreans. Although chronic diseases are among the most common and costly healthy problems, they are also preventable. Adopting healthy behaviors such as quitting smoking, being physically active, eating right with moderate alcohol drinking, and maintaining healthy weight can prevent or control the effect of these diseases.

• 한국유가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유가공기술과학회 2005년도 창립 30주년 기념 국제심포지움 - 웰빙시대의 우유.유제품의 새로운 발견
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

Chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of death and disability in Korea since 1970 due to lifestyle change introduced by urbanization & industrialization. The type of cancer and cardiovascular diseases changes as lifestyle becomes westernized. These diseases account for 4 of every 10 deaths and affect the quality of lift of Koreans. Although chronic diseases are among the most common and costly healthy problems, they are also preventable. Adopting healthy behaviors such as quitting smoking, being physically active, eating right with moderate alcohol drinking, and maintaining healthy weight can prevent or control the effect of these diseases.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.169-187
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• 2001

This study was performed to probe the effect of exercise program on muscle strength, endurance, flexibility, pain, disability level and life satisfaction in female teachers of elementary school who complain of low back pain. For this study, 44 female teachers aged 30-50 years with mechanical low back pain of 6 months' duration, who had the structural normalities in the lumbar spine, were recruited from April 1 to July 10 1999. Twenty three out of them were assigned to the experimental group and twenty one to the control group. The exercise program consisted of education on right postures, the etiology and diagnosis of low back pain, and exercise intervention such as muscle relaxation, elongation and strengthening. With 8 weeks program, the subjects received two sessions of education and six sessions of group exercise in the 1st week, while three sessions of group exercise and four sessions of individual exercise weekly and two sessions of education during the later 7 weeks. The muscle strength and endurance were measured by Cybex 770, the flexibility by flexibility measurement machine, the intensity of pain by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the level of disability by Oswestry low back pain disability scale, depression by Beck depression inventory (BDI), and life satisfaction by Life satisfaction index-Z. Study measurements were taken before and after 8 weeks exercise program. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, t-test, and ANCOVA. The results were as follows ; 1. The flexors and extensors peak torque and flexors peak torque per body weight of experimental group were significantly increased at test velocities $30^{\circ}$/sec, $60^{\circ}$/sec compared with those of control group. There was no significant difference in extensors peak torque per flexors peak torque at $30^{\circ}/sec$, $60^{\circ}/sec$ between experimental and control group. 2. The flexors and extensors total work and flexors total work per body weight of experimental group were significantly increased at $120^{\circ}/sec$, compared with those of control group. 3.The flexibility of lumbar spine in experimental group was significantly increased compared with that of control group. The pains in anterior, posterior, left lateral and right lateral bending and in rotation of experimental group were significantly increased compared with those of control group. 4. The Oswestry disability scores of experimental and control group were significantly decreased, and there was no difference in the Oswestry disability score change between experimental and control group. 5. The scores of BDI of experimental group were significantly decreased compared with those of control group. Life satisfaction index-Z scores of experimental group were not changed, but those of control group were significantly decreased. There was no difference in the score change of Life satisfaction index-Z between experimental and control group. 6. ANCOVA analysis for the data variables of inhomogeneous baseline represented that there was no significant difference in extensors peak torque and extensors total work at $120^{\circ}/sec$ and extensor total work per body weight at $120^{\circ}/sec$ change between experimental group and control group. These findings indicate that the exercise program could be effective in increasing the muscle strength, endurance, flexibility and decreasing pain, improving depression in female teachers of elementary school with chronic low back pain. It is suggested that the exercise program could be an essential factor for the effective nursing intervention to the patients suffered from chronic low back pain.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.427-435
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• 2018

본 연구는 체지방률이 30% 이상인 비만 지적장애 성인여성들을 대상으로 노르딕워킹의 신체조성과 체력에 대한 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 21명의 대상자들을 실험군(12명)과 통제군(9명)으로 무작위 할당하여 구분한 후 12주 동안 실험을 진행하였다. 실험군은 주 2회의 노르딕워킹 프로그램에 참여하였으며, 통제군은 비교적 비활동적인 일상생활을 하게 하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 다음과 같은 연구 결과를 얻었다. 신체조성에서 근육량과 체지방률이 실험집단에서 프로그램 참여 후에 유의한 개선 효과를 나타냈다. 또한 체력요인의 변화에서 있어서는 근력과 평형성, 협응력이 유의한 향상을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 볼 때, 노르딕워킹 프로그램은 비만 지적장애 성인여성의 신체조성 변화와 체력 증진에 대체로 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 다만, 일부 요인에 대해서는 대상자의 특성이나 프로그램의 목표를 고려하여 운동 빈도와 운동 강도, 운동 내용 등을 조절할 필요가 있다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Objectives Taking detailed patient history helps earlier diagnosis and treatment of developmental disability. In this study we analyzed the clinical questionnaire to find out the clinical characteristics of those with five-retardation, five-limpness, or five-stiffness. Methods The data was collected from 484 children under the age of six who have visited H oriental medicine clinic for developmental delay. The clinical questionnaire was filled out by their parents and the data was analyzed statistically. Results 436 children showed symptoms of five-retardation, 90 children suffered from five-stiffness, 54 children showed five-limpness and 7 children suffered from five-stiffness and five-limpness complex. Generally, boys had higher chance to show disease symptoms than the girls (2.32:1) and 40 children (8.26%) reported family history of developmental disability. Cerebral palsy ranks the most common familial disease, followed by developmental delay, mental retardation, autistic disorder and language disorder. Among the children we have studied, 285 children (63.19%) showed delayed unassisted walk while 192 children (42.57%) had language disorder. Also, 138 children (28.51%) had both walk and language disorders. The children in this study also showed delayed toilet training and half of them had little stranger anxiety when they were infants. It was also found that 120 children (24.79%) experienced epilepsy. This study reaffirmed that low birth weight, premature birth, and suffocation are major risks causing neurological damage. Conclusions They had history which including family history, problems at birth, epilepsy, face recognition, muscle tone disorder, delayed walking without assistance, language ability, and toilet training.